【摘要】：作為一種常用的脊柱外科手術(shù)術(shù)中監(jiān)護(hù)手段,體感誘發(fā)電位越來越多的應(yīng)用于臨床中。近年來,脊柱外科疾病的高發(fā)病率和年輕化趨勢(shì)日益明顯,越來越多的人深受其苦,隨著現(xiàn)代人的生活壓力的增大,越來越多的人患上有腰椎間盤突出、頸椎病等一系列脊柱外科病。而脊柱外科疾病中很大一部分患者需要外科手術(shù)手段進(jìn)行干預(yù)治療。鑒于現(xiàn)階段脊柱外科手術(shù)仍然是高危手術(shù)類型,手術(shù)中對(duì)病人的直接傷害和并發(fā)癥都會(huì)嚴(yán)重的影響到患者的身心健康,因此要求更精準(zhǔn)更快速的進(jìn)行術(shù)中監(jiān)護(hù),以確保手術(shù)的安全進(jìn)行。目的：設(shè)計(jì)一套體感誘發(fā)電位采集系統(tǒng),解決現(xiàn)有儀器前置放大器移動(dòng)性差、疊加次數(shù)多、缺乏頻域維度的測(cè)試三個(gè)問題。設(shè)計(jì)一套模擬人訓(xùn)練系統(tǒng)病使用該系統(tǒng)對(duì)體感誘發(fā)電位信號(hào)采集系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行測(cè)試。設(shè)計(jì)動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn),對(duì)體感誘發(fā)電位采集系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行測(cè)試。方法：使用無線傳輸技術(shù)、FPGA硬件濾波技術(shù)、LabVIEW作為上位機(jī)軟件對(duì)體感誘發(fā)電位信號(hào)采集系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行改良設(shè)計(jì)。設(shè)計(jì)一套用于醫(yī)護(hù)人員訓(xùn)練用的模擬訓(xùn)練系統(tǒng)并對(duì)其進(jìn)行測(cè)試。最后,對(duì)信號(hào)采集系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行一系列的性能測(cè)試和評(píng)估：首先,使用模擬訓(xùn)練系統(tǒng)對(duì)信號(hào)采集系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行測(cè)試。然后設(shè)計(jì)動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)信號(hào)采集系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行實(shí)測(cè),實(shí)驗(yàn)中使用其中12只Sprague-Dawley (SD)大鼠進(jìn)行了信號(hào)測(cè)試。結(jié)果：根據(jù)動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果對(duì)以下三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了分析。[1]時(shí)頻譜對(duì)應(yīng)時(shí)域信號(hào)處理優(yōu)勢(shì)：用時(shí)頻譜的方式呈現(xiàn)的信號(hào)特征,其變化率大于信號(hào)在時(shí)域下的特征值。[2]新的復(fù)合濾波與原疊加濾波的比較：FPGA復(fù)合疊加算法濾波,可以將信號(hào)采集時(shí)間縮短為原來的1/5,并且有利于計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的自動(dòng)識(shí)別判斷。[3]自動(dòng)判據(jù)進(jìn)行預(yù)警結(jié)果：整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中共有8只手術(shù)成功大鼠,均可以完成自動(dòng)報(bào)警。結(jié)論：本研究中設(shè)計(jì)的體感誘發(fā)電位信號(hào)采集系統(tǒng),可以有效的減少信號(hào)采集所需要的時(shí)間,并給出監(jiān)護(hù)人員自動(dòng)預(yù)警的建議。
[Abstract]:Somatosensory evoked potential (SEP), as a commonly used intraoperative monitoring method in spinal surgery, is applied more and more in clinical practice. In recent years, the high incidence of spinal surgery and the trend of younger people have become increasingly obvious, more and more people suffer from it. With the increasing pressure of modern life, more and more people have lumbar disc herniation. A series of spinal diseases, such as cervical spondylosis. A large proportion of patients with spinal diseases need surgical intervention. In view of the fact that spinal surgery is still a high-risk type of surgery at present, direct injuries and complications in the operation will seriously affect the physical and mental health of the patients, so it is necessary to carry out intraoperative monitoring more accurately and quickly. To ensure the safety of the operation. Aim: to design a set of somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) acquisition system to solve the three problems of low mobility of preamplifier, multiple stacking times and lack of frequency domain dimension testing. A simulated human training system was designed to test the somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) signal acquisition system. An animal experiment was designed to test the somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) acquisition system. Methods: using wireless transmission technology, FPGA hardware filtering technology and LabVIEW as host computer software to improve the design of somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) signal acquisition system. A simulation training system was designed and tested for medical staff training. Finally, the signal acquisition system is tested and evaluated. Firstly, the analog training system is used to test the signal acquisition system. Then the animal experiment was designed to measure the signal acquisition system. Twelve of the Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used to test the signal in the experiment. Results: according to the results of animal experiments, the following three aspects were analyzed. [1] time spectrum corresponds to the advantages of time domain signal processing. The rate of change is greater than the eigenvalue of the signal in time domain. [2] the comparison between the new composite filter and the original superposition filter: the FPGA composite stack filter can shorten the signal acquisition time to 1 / 5 of the original, And it is beneficial to the computer for further automatic recognition and judgment. [3] automatic criteria for early warning results: there are 8 successful rats in the whole experiment, all of them can complete the automatic alarm. Conclusion: the somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) signal acquisition system designed in this study can effectively reduce the time needed for signal acquisition and give the suggestion of automatic warning.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：R687.3;TP274

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本文編號(hào)：2420363