尿激酶與阿替普酶在大鼠腦出血后血腫纖溶治療中的作用及機(jī)制研究
[Abstract]:Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has the highest mortality and disability rate, and is the most destructive type of stroke. According to a national survey published in 2017, the age-standardized incidence of stroke in China is 246.8/100,000 per year, of which 23.8% is ICH, much higher than in most Western countries. However, the injury mechanism of ICH is not yet complete. Clearly, physical compression of hematoma after ICH and formation of secondary perihematomal edema (PHE) can affect the prognosis of patients. Therefore, timely removal of hematoma to reduce primary and secondary injuries is particularly important in ICH treatment. However, craniotomy is not always suitable for patients limited by the site of hematoma and surgical trauma. Compared with traditional surgery, minimally invasive surgery combined with intracavitary injection of fibrinolytic drugs for hematoma has less trauma to normal brain tissue, better curative effect and wider application. In recent years, it has attracted more and more attention and gradually developed into a promising treatment for ICH. TPA can effectively dissolve hematoma. The efficacy of tPA in fibrinolytic therapy of hematoma after ICH has been approved by many clinical trials. However, animal experiments have found that tPA can promote edema formation, increase inflammation and promote neurotoxicity while assisting in the removal of hematoma. The application of intracranial fibrinolytic therapy has been questioned. Urokinase (uPA), as an old fibrinolytic drug, has been widely used in China as fibrinolytic therapy for post-ICH hematoma. However, due to the lack of preclinical or clinical studies on the use of uPA and tPA in fibrinolytic therapy of hematoma after ICH, the choice of drugs still depends on experience. In order to explore the role and mechanism of uPA and tPA in fibrinolytic therapy of hematoma after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats, we used autologous blood injection to induce cerebral hemorrhage model. The first part is to observe the effect of uPA and tPA on the fibrinolytic therapy of hematoma after ICH in rats, including the effect of fibrinolysis and the effect on PHE. The second part is to study the effect and mechanism of uPA and tPA on BBB by detecting the related indexes of blood-brain barrier (BBB). Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of uPA and tPA on hematoma after ICH by intracavitary injection of uPA and tPA. The hematoma volume, PHE range, brain water content (BWC), BBB permeability and animal behavior were measured after 3 days. The patients were divided into 5 groups: sham group, ICH group, ICH + saline group, ICH + tPA group and ICH + uPA group, with 14 rats in each group. 30 minutes after operation, ICH + saline group, ICH + tPA group and ICH + uPA group were given saline, tPA (10 UG / ml), uPA (100 IU / ml), sham group was blank control group, and ICH + tPA group was given only blood injection without administration. After the scan, 8 rats in each group were measured for BWC to evaluate the degree of edema, and the remaining 6 rats were performed Evans blue (EB) exudation test to detect the permeability of BBB. Results 1. Magnetic resonance imaging analysis showed that U. Both intracavitary injection of PA and tPA could effectively reduce the volume and PHE range of hematoma, and uPA could reduce the PHE range more significantly (uPA vs tPA, p0.05). In addition, BWC measurements showed that uPA could reduce the hemispheric water content of the affected side, while there was no significant difference between tPA group and control group. 2. Angle rotation test and forelimb placement test showed that uPA could significantly reduce the PHE range. Conclusion Both uPA and tPA can reduce the volume of hematoma and the range of PHE after ICH in rats. Objective To establish a rat ICH model and observe the expression of BBB-related tight junction protein (claudin-5, ZO-1) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) after administration. Methods The experimental animals were randomly divided into three groups: ICH+saline group, ICH+tPA group and ICH+uPA group, 18 rats in each group. At 30 minutes after operation, saline, tPA (10 ug/ml) and uPA (100 IU/ml) of 2 UG volume were given to the hematoma center. On the third day after operation, BBB correlation was detected by immunofluorescence staining in the experimental animals (5/group). The expression of compact protein (ZO-1, Claudin-5) was compared quantitatively by Western blot (WB), real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the levels of pingp65 and phosphorylated p65 (p-p65) were detected by WB (5/group), respectively. Results 1. By detecting the expression of ZO-1 around hematoma (immunofluorescence, WB) and claudin-5 immunostaining around hematoma and edema area cortex, it was found that uPA and tPA could up-regulate the expression of these two BBB-related tight junction proteins, suggesting that the two drugs have a positive effect on maintaining the integrity of BBB. 2. RT-PCR and WB results were obvious. In addition, uPA also decreased the expression of MMP-2, but the effect of tPA on the expression of MMP-2 was not significant. For MMP-9, the administration of tPA increased the expression of MMP-2, and the up-regulation effect of tPA was more obvious. 3. The ratio of p-p65/p65 calculated by WB results indirectly reflected the activation of NF-kappa B pathway. It was found that tPA treatment made the activation of NF-kappa B pathway. Conclusion Although the activation of NF-kappa B pathway is different between uPA and tPA injection in ICH rats, the expression of MMPs is different. On the whole effect, both drugs have a certain protective effect on the integrity of BBB.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:第三軍醫(yī)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號(hào)】:R743.34
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