【摘要】：隨著人們生活方式的變化,肥胖已經(jīng)成為全球范圍內(nèi)的流行病,因肥胖導(dǎo)致的糖尿病、高血壓、冠心病、高脂血癥等嚴(yán)重影響著人類健康,肥胖癥被世界衛(wèi)生組織列為與癌癥并列的21世紀(jì)威脅人類健康最嚴(yán)重的疾病,因此對肥胖癥的研究已成為重大的現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)課題。腸道微生物能影響動(dòng)物的健康狀況,研究表明食物、藥物等至少部分通過影響腸道微生物而起作用,特別是肥胖。但外環(huán)境的變化是否也會(huì)導(dǎo)致腸道微生物從而影響身體健康狀況尚未有明確的結(jié)論。我們之前創(chuàng)新性的研究表明,茶葉水熏蒸對高脂飼料誘導(dǎo)的營養(yǎng)型肥胖大鼠有良好減肥效果,提示茶水熏蒸這一改變外部環(huán)境的方式很可能也會(huì)影響體內(nèi)腸道微生物。本研究采用高脂飼料飼喂大鼠,構(gòu)建營養(yǎng)性肥胖模型大鼠,采用普洱熟茶熏蒸給予溫度(39±1)℃濃度6.67%的茶湯進(jìn)行45天的熏蒸實(shí)驗(yàn),并采用試劑盒提取大鼠糞便微生物的總DNA,通過Illumina高通量測序技術(shù)對16SrRNA基因的V6可變區(qū)進(jìn)行測序分析,再結(jié)合實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物體重以及血液TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、ALT和AST活性等生理生化指標(biāo)、肝臟切片等數(shù)據(jù),來探討肥胖大鼠在普洱熟茶熏蒸減肥過程中腸道微生物的多樣性差異。本實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,普洱熟茶熏蒸對營養(yǎng)性肥胖大鼠有一定的減重作用,而且可以降低血清TC、TG、LDL-C、血糖含量和ALT、AST酶活性,升高血清HDL-C含量,從肝臟病理組織的切片觀察發(fā)現(xiàn),普洱熟茶熏蒸可以緩解由于高脂飲食引起的肝臟損傷。此外,大鼠在構(gòu)建肥胖模型階段時(shí)大鼠的腸道菌群多樣性相比其他階段顯著豐富,當(dāng)大鼠進(jìn)入減肥階段后,在減肥過程中大鼠的腸道菌群發(fā)生了改變,一些在建模階段豐度高的菌群開始降低,而一些在建模階段豐度低的菌群開始升高。茶熏使得厚壁菌增多,擬桿菌減少,而停止茶熏后厚壁菌豐度降低了。本項(xiàng)目還對開拓產(chǎn)能已經(jīng)過剩的茶葉的新用途、預(yù)防和治療肥胖提供新的思路。
[Abstract]:With the change of people's lifestyle, obesity has become a global epidemic. Diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia caused by obesity seriously affect human health. Obesity is listed by WHO as the most serious disease threatening human health in the 21st century, which is side by side with cancer. Therefore, the study of obesity has become a major subject of modern medicine. Intestinal microorganisms can affect the health of animals. Studies have shown that food, drugs and so on play a role in at least part of the effects of intestinal microorganisms, especially obesity. However, whether changes in the external environment will also lead to intestinal microbe and affect the health of the body has not been clearly concluded. Our previous innovative studies have shown that tea water fumigation has a good weight loss effect on nutritious obese rats induced by high-fat diet, suggesting that tea water fumigation, a way to change the external environment, may also affect intestinal microbe in vivo. In this study, the rats were fed with high-fat diet to establish the model of nutritional obesity. The fumigation experiment of Puer mature tea with 6.67% tea soup at (39 鹵1) 鈩，

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