【摘要】：目的探討絕經(jīng)前后女性聽力變化及影響因素。方法在45~55歲參加體檢的女性中,每納入一位絕經(jīng)者,按其年齡±1歲,匹配一位月經(jīng)規(guī)律者,即對絕經(jīng)組、月經(jīng)規(guī)律組受試者進(jìn)行年齡匹配,最終分為絕經(jīng)組、月經(jīng)規(guī)律組,每組各60例,共120例。分別測定各組生殖激素、左右耳低頻至超高頻空氣傳導(dǎo)、骨傳導(dǎo)的聽力閾值,進(jìn)行組間比較并分析其影響因素。結(jié)果聽力閾值絕經(jīng)組在下述頻率右耳空氣傳導(dǎo)4 000 Hz、8 000 Hz、10 000 Hz、12 500 Hz及16 000 Hz,左耳空氣傳導(dǎo)4 000 Hz、12 500 Hz及16 000 Hz;右耳骨傳導(dǎo)4 000 Hz及8 000 Hz,左耳骨傳導(dǎo)4 000 Hz均顯著低于月經(jīng)規(guī)律組(P0.05)。其中,在16 000 Hz頻率,絕經(jīng)組和月經(jīng)規(guī)律組右耳空氣傳導(dǎo)聽力閾值分別為(57.93±19.17)分貝和(42.5±17.96)分貝,左耳空氣傳導(dǎo)聽力閾值分別為(54.57±19.17)分貝、和(43.9±18.99)分貝。在絕經(jīng)組和月經(jīng)規(guī)律組內(nèi),吸煙亞組左、右耳聽力超高頻聽力閾值均顯著低于不吸煙亞組(P0.05)。絕經(jīng)、被動(dòng)吸煙和突發(fā)耳聾史是女性絕經(jīng)前后聽力下降的不利因素。結(jié)論絕經(jīng)與女性各頻段聽力下降存在密切關(guān)聯(lián),尤其是高頻、超高頻。被動(dòng)吸煙和突發(fā)耳聾史是絕經(jīng)前后女性高頻聽力下降的不利因素。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the changes and influencing factors of female hearing before and after menopause. Methods in the 45 to 55 year old women who took part in the physical examination, each menopausal woman who matched one menstrual regularity according to his age 鹵1 years old was divided into menopausal group and menstrual regularity group, the subjects in the menopausal group and the menstrual regular group were matched for age, and were divided into the menopausal group and the menstrual regular group. There were 60 cases in each group, 120 cases in total. The hearing threshold of low frequency to ultra high frequency air conduction and bone conduction were measured and compared among groups and the influencing factors were analyzed. Results in the hearing threshold menopause group, the right ear air conduction was 4 000 Hz,8 000 Hz,10 000 Hz,12 500 Hz and 16 000 Hz, left ear air conduction 4 000 Hz,12 500 Hz and 16 000 Hz; at the following frequencies. The right ear bone conduction 4 000 Hz and 8 000 Hz, left ear bone conduction 4 000 Hz were significantly lower than the menstrual regular group (P 0.05). At the frequency of 16000 Hz, the hearing threshold of the right ear and left ear were (57.93 鹵19.17) dB and (42.5 鹵17.96) dB, respectively, and (54.57 鹵19.17) dB in the menopausal and menstrual regular groups, respectively. And (43.9 鹵18.99) decibels. In menopausal group and menstrual regular group, the hearing threshold of left and right ear in smoking subgroup was significantly lower than that in non-smoking subgroup (P0.05). Menopause, passive smoking and sudden deafness are the unfavorable factors of hearing loss before and after menopause. Conclusion Menopause is closely related to hearing loss in women, especially in high frequency and ultra high frequency. Passive smoking and sudden deafness were unfavorable factors for high frequency hearing loss in postmenopausal women.
【作者單位】： 北京市第八中學(xué);首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬北京世紀(jì)壇醫(yī)院;北京大學(xué)人民醫(yī)院;北京大學(xué)生命科學(xué)院;北京大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院;
【基金】：中國科學(xué)技術(shù)協(xié)會(huì)“中學(xué)生科技創(chuàng)新后備人才培養(yǎng)計(jì)劃”項(xiàng)目 北京市首都臨床特色應(yīng)用研究項(xiàng)目(Z131107002213088)
【分類號(hào)】：R711.75

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