Ⅲ型iVDPVs在寧夏一例免疫缺陷患者體內(nèi)的分子進化和抗原變異研究
發(fā)布時間:2018-11-04 20:24
【摘要】:迄今為止,全球消滅脊髓灰質(zhì)炎(脊灰)計劃已經(jīng)取得了巨大成就,目前已進入尾聲階段,其中一個重要的環(huán)節(jié)就是在全球范圍內(nèi)使用脊灰滅活疫苗(IPV)代替口服脊灰減毒活疫苗(OPV)。中國在國家常規(guī)免疫活動中將逐步引入IPV,同時也將逐漸減少直至最后停止使用OPV。因此,免疫缺陷患者長期連續(xù)向外環(huán)境排出免疫缺陷相關(guān)疫苗衍生脊灰病毒(iVDPV)將越來越引起重視,因為在消滅脊灰野病毒以及停用OPV之后,長期排出的iVDPVs將成為自然界中循環(huán)的脊灰病毒的唯一來源。本研究中,我們報道了2011年寧夏回族自治區(qū)一名2.5歲的患有急性弛緩性麻痹(AFP)患兒,從該患兒發(fā)病到病死期間連續(xù)收集了12份糞便標本,分離得到12株Ⅲ型iVDPVs毒株(命名為CHN15017-1-CHN15017-12),同時該名患者經(jīng)診斷為原發(fā)性免疫缺陷病(PID)。對這些iVDPV經(jīng)過噬斑純化后進行核苷酸序列分析,結(jié)果顯示在VP1編碼區(qū),12株iVDPVs與Ⅲ型Sabin株相比存在2-3.4%的核苷酸差異,且遺傳學上相關(guān),說明這些iVDPVs之間存在著非常相似的進化關(guān)系。進一步全基因組序列分析顯示這些iVDPVs同源性非常高,且均為Ⅲ型和Ⅰ型疫苗重組株,重組位點位于2C編碼區(qū)的同一位置,與Ⅲ型脊灰病毒神經(jīng)毒力和溫度敏感性表型密切相關(guān)的兩個關(guān)鍵位點(在5'非編碼區(qū)的U472C和在VP1編碼區(qū)的T2493C)均已發(fā)生回復(fù)突變。溫度敏感實驗表明,在12株iVDPVs中,第一份和第二份糞便標本分離的2株iVDPVs毒株(CHN15017-1, CHN15017-2)仍然保留著部分的Ⅲ型Sabin株溫度敏感表型,即只能在36℃下繁殖,而在39.5℃高溫不能繁殖。而從隨后采集的10份糞便標本中分離的10株iVDPVs毒株(CHN15017-3-CHN15017-12)已經(jīng)完全失去了Ⅲ型Sabin株溫度敏感表型。該12株iVDPVs與親代的Sabin株相比共享19個氨基酸差異,其中氨基酸變異位點K1419R僅在最后分離的10株iVDPVs中被發(fā)現(xiàn),推測該位點可能是引起該Ⅲ型iVDPVs溫度敏感性表型變化的潛在關(guān)鍵位點;谌LVP1編碼區(qū)采用貝葉斯蒙特卡羅馬爾可夫鏈法進行分子進化分析,結(jié)果顯示該12株iVDPVs的平均進化速率約為2.79x 10-2個/年/核苷酸,因此估算出該名患者的服苗日期大約在2009年10月4日左右。本研究結(jié)果表明該免疫缺陷患兒長期持續(xù)地向外環(huán)境排出高滴度的Ⅲ型iVDPVs,具有失去了溫度敏感表型,高度變異的特征,將對全球脊灰消滅計劃構(gòu)成了巨大地潛在風險;谶@些研究成果,我們在免疫缺陷患者體內(nèi)對長期進化的iVDPVs的基因結(jié)構(gòu)、溫度敏感性以及抗原變異性質(zhì)等方面,拓展了全球非常有限的關(guān)于iVDPV在免疫缺陷患者體內(nèi)長期復(fù)制過程中種群的動態(tài)改變和進化路徑的知識。同時,本研究將為中國維持無脊灰狀態(tài)和全球脊灰消除后期疫苗免疫策略的制定提供必要的有價值的信息。
[Abstract]:To date, the Global Polio Eradication (polio) programme has achieved a great deal and is now in its final stages. One of the key links is the global use of polio inactivated vaccine (IPV) instead of oral live attenuated polio vaccine (OPV). China will gradually introduce IPV, into national routine immunization activities and will gradually reduce the use of OPV. until finally Therefore, for a long time, the continuous discharge of vaccine-derived poliovirus (iVDPV) from immunodeficient patients to the external environment will attract more and more attention, because after the elimination of the wild poliovirus and the discontinuation of OPV, Long-term excretion of iVDPVs will be the only source of circulating poliovirus in nature. In this study, we reported a 2.5-year-old child with acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in Ningxia Hui Autonomous region in 2011. Twelve strains of type 鈪,
本文編號:2311044
[Abstract]:To date, the Global Polio Eradication (polio) programme has achieved a great deal and is now in its final stages. One of the key links is the global use of polio inactivated vaccine (IPV) instead of oral live attenuated polio vaccine (OPV). China will gradually introduce IPV, into national routine immunization activities and will gradually reduce the use of OPV. until finally Therefore, for a long time, the continuous discharge of vaccine-derived poliovirus (iVDPV) from immunodeficient patients to the external environment will attract more and more attention, because after the elimination of the wild poliovirus and the discontinuation of OPV, Long-term excretion of iVDPVs will be the only source of circulating poliovirus in nature. In this study, we reported a 2.5-year-old child with acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in Ningxia Hui Autonomous region in 2011. Twelve strains of type 鈪,
本文編號:2311044
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