本文選題：登山杖行走 + 糖尿病前期��； 參考：《上海體育學院》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究目的糖尿病的前期,是身體介于正常血糖和糖尿病之間的一種狀態(tài),是糖尿病患者的預警信號。2型糖尿病在中老年人人群中尤為常見,隨著年齡的增加,生活方式的改變,中老年人人群的體力活動水平下降明顯,最終導致了糖尿病的發(fā)病率逐年升高。登山杖行走是時下新興的一種健身方式,對老年人的健康很有益處。本文通過研究登山杖行走對糖尿病前期人群的血糖、血脂水平,身體形態(tài)、身體機能以及身體活動指標的影響,建立安全有效的糖調節(jié)受損階段的有氧運動方案,有效降低糖尿病以及前期的患病率,并評價登山杖行走這一新型的鍛煉手段是否能夠適合在社區(qū)中進一步推廣。研究方法從上海市東醫(yī)院挑選并最終確定符合納入條件的28名女性作為受試者參與實驗。實驗前對受試者進行醫(yī)學檢查以及運動能力檢查,保證其在健康的狀況下能夠正常的完成實驗;測試指標包括空腹血糖、餐后兩小時血糖、糖化血紅蛋白、甘油三酯、膽固醇、高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白等血液指標;身高、體重、體脂率、骨密度和肌肉質量等身體形態(tài)指標;收縮壓、舒張壓、臺階試驗、2公里走等身體機能指標�；�測試結果表明,各項指標均沒有顯著性差異。將受試者隨機平均分為兩組:運動組和對照組。運動組進行為期6個月的中等強度登山杖行走的運動干預,運動頻率為每周2-3次,每次運動的時間30-60分鐘不等,通常每次都能保持在45分鐘左右。采用計步器和運動管理日志,記錄受試者的運動干預情況和日常運動習慣,確保運動組干預過程的運動強度以及對照組維持以往的體力活動不變。6個月的干預結束后,再對兩組受試者的血液指標、身體形態(tài)指標以及身體機能指標加以測定。用配對t檢驗和獨立t檢驗,分析干預前后運動組的各項指標的差異,以及與同期對照組相比的差異。研究結果與對照組和干預前自身進行對比,6個月的登山杖步行干預后,運動組的空腹血糖有下降的趨勢,餐后兩小時血糖有所下降(P0.05),糖化血紅蛋白有所下降(P0.05),膽固醇、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白均有下降的趨勢,低密度脂蛋白有所下降(P0.05);體重有所下降(P0.05),體脂率略有降低,骨密度、全身肌肉質量略有增加,上肢肌肉質量有顯著性增加(P0.05);2公里走速度增加,臺階實驗1分鐘后心率降低明顯(P0.05)。計步器記錄的身體活動指標,運動組與對照組有顯著性差異(P0.01)。研究結論登山杖行走運動干預可以有效減少2型糖尿病前期患者的空腹血糖及2小時后的血糖含量,降低糖化血紅蛋白值,有效改善膽固醇、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白的含量,同時減輕患者全身脂肪含量,提高上肢肌肉質量,塑造良好的身體形態(tài),改善糖調節(jié)受損人群的身體素質,增強了患者的有氧耐力素質和心肺功能的調節(jié)能力。
[Abstract]:Objective the early stage of diabetes mellitus is a state between normal blood sugar and diabetes mellitus. It is a warning signal for diabetes patients. Type 2 diabetes is especially common in the middle and old people. With the increase of age, life style changes. The level of physical activity of middle-aged and elderly people decreased obviously, which resulted in the incidence of diabetes increased year by year. Walking a walking stick is a new way to keep fit, which is beneficial to the health of the elderly. In this paper, we studied the effects of walking stick on blood sugar, blood lipids, body shape, body function and body activity index of pre-diabetic population, and established a safe and effective aerobic exercise program in impaired stage of glucose regulation. It can effectively reduce the prevalence of diabetes and preexisting disease, and evaluate whether the new exercise method of walking stick is suitable for further promotion in the community. Methods 28 women eligible for inclusion were selected from Shanghai East Hospital to participate in the experiment. The subjects were given medical and motor tests before the experiment to ensure that they would be able to complete the experiment normally in a healthy state. The parameters included fasting blood glucose, two hours postprandial blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, triglyceride, cholesterol, High density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein; height, weight, body fat ratio, bone mineral density and muscle mass; systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, step test and 2 km walk. The results of baseline test showed that there was no significant difference in each index. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups: exercise group and control group. The exercise group carried on the exercise intervention of the middle intensity walking stick for 6 months. The exercise frequency was 2-3 times a week, the time of each exercise varied from 30 to 60 minutes, and usually kept at about 45 minutes each time. The exercise intervention and daily exercise habits of the subjects were recorded by means of pedometer and exercise management log to ensure that the exercise intensity of the intervention process and the control group remained the same as those of the control group. After 6 months of intervention, the exercise intensity of the exercise group and the control group remained unchanged. Then the blood index, body shape index and body function index of the two groups were measured. Paired t test and independent t test were used to analyze the differences between exercise group and control group before and after intervention. The results of the study were compared with those of the control group and the control group before intervention. After 6 months of walking with the walking stick, the fasting blood glucose of the exercise group tended to decrease, the blood glucose of the two hours after meal decreased P0.05N, the glycosylated hemoglobin decreased P0.05A, cholesterol, cholesterol. Both triglyceride and high density lipoprotein (HDL) showed a downward trend, low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) decreased P0.05, body weight decreased (P0.05), body fat rate decreased slightly, bone mineral density (BMD) slightly increased, and muscle mass increased slightly. The muscle mass of upper extremity was significantly increased. The speed of walking 2 km was increased, and the heart rate decreased significantly after one minute step experiment. There was significant difference in body activity between exercise group and control group (P 0.01). Conclusion the intervention of treadmill walking can effectively reduce the fasting blood glucose and blood glucose after 2 hours in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, decrease the level of glycosylated hemoglobin, and improve the contents of cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein effectively. At the same time, the body fat content of the patients was reduced, the muscle quality of upper limb was improved, the good body shape was molded, the body quality of the impaired group was improved, and the aerobic endurance quality and cardiopulmonary function of the patients were enhanced.
【學位授予單位】：上海體育學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：R587.1;G881

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