本文選題：骨質(zhì)疏松癥　切入點(diǎn)：骨密度　出處：《山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:通過測量山西省太原市部分城區(qū)居民身高、體重、腰椎骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD),調(diào)查其生活方式、既往史和家族史,探討影響太原市部分城區(qū)成年人群BMD的相關(guān)影響因素,并了解太原市部分城區(qū)成年人群骨質(zhì)疏松癥患病現(xiàn)狀,為太原市部分城區(qū)成年人群骨質(zhì)疏松癥的防治提供簡易、廉價(jià)、科學(xué)的臨床參考依據(jù)。方法:從山西省太原市部分城區(qū)常住居民中,隨機(jī)抽取1393名作為調(diào)查對象,根據(jù)調(diào)查資料的完整性及納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn),最終納入529名作為研究對象。研究內(nèi)容包括:(1)問卷調(diào)查:基本資料、既往脆性骨折史、家族骨質(zhì)疏松史、家族脆性骨折史、吸煙史、飲酒史、飲牛奶情況、日曬及運(yùn)動情況;(2)體格檢查:身高、體重,計(jì)算體重指數(shù);(3)BMD測量:使用雙能X線BMD測量儀測定腰椎BMD。用SPSS17.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理:計(jì)量資料用(?)±s表示;計(jì)數(shù)資料用百分比或率表示;所測量數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行正態(tài)分布檢驗(yàn),檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示所獲得的數(shù)據(jù)呈正態(tài)分布;多組間比較采用單因素方差分析,組間兩兩比較采用LSD-t檢驗(yàn);計(jì)數(shù)資料率或構(gòu)成比的比較采用X~2檢驗(yàn)或fisher精確概率法;多因素分析采用logistic回歸分析。P0.05表示差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。結(jié)果:1.在男性和女性人群中,腰椎BMD在青年組、中年組和老年組三組間兩兩比較均具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05),且腰椎BMD隨年齡的增長而減低。在男性和女性人群中,骨質(zhì)疏松癥患病率在青年組、中年組和老年組三組間兩兩比較具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05),骨質(zhì)疏松癥患病率隨年齡的增長而升高,且老年女性的骨質(zhì)疏松癥患病率比老年男性高。2.在不同年齡組,腰椎BMD在體重正常組、超重組和肥胖組三組間兩兩比較具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05),腰椎BMD隨BMI的降低而減低。在老年組,骨質(zhì)疏松癥患病率在體重正常組、超重組和肥胖組三組間兩兩比較具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05),且骨質(zhì)疏松癥患病率隨BMI的降低而升高。在青年組和中年組的各BMI組間,骨質(zhì)疏松癥患病率的比較無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異。3.在女性人群中,絕經(jīng)組與未絕經(jīng)組和圍絕經(jīng)組比較均具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05),未絕經(jīng)組與圍絕經(jīng)組比較無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異,且絕經(jīng)組的腰椎BMD低于未絕經(jīng)組和圍絕經(jīng)組。骨質(zhì)疏松癥患病率在未絕經(jīng)組、圍絕經(jīng)組和絕經(jīng)組三組間兩兩比較具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05),且隨絕經(jīng)年限的延長,骨質(zhì)疏松癥患病率升高。4.家族骨質(zhì)疏松癥史和既往脆性骨折史是骨質(zhì)疏松的危險(xiǎn)因素;有家族骨質(zhì)疏松癥史和既往脆性骨折史人群的骨質(zhì)疏松癥患病率偏高。5.吸煙、飲酒是骨質(zhì)疏松的危險(xiǎn)因素,每天飲用牛奶、堅(jiān)持運(yùn)動、增加日曬時(shí)間是骨質(zhì)疏松的保護(hù)因素;不良生活方式人群的骨質(zhì)疏松癥患病率偏高。結(jié)論:1.太原市部分城區(qū)居民骨質(zhì)疏松癥患病率高于全國平均水平。2.腰椎BMD隨年齡的增長而減低,骨質(zhì)疏松癥患病率隨年齡的增長而升高。3.腰椎BMD隨BMI的降低而減低,老年人群骨質(zhì)疏松癥患病率隨BMI的降低而升高。4.絕經(jīng)后女性的腰椎BMD低于未絕經(jīng)和圍絕經(jīng)女性,骨質(zhì)疏松癥患病率隨絕經(jīng)年限的延長而升高。5.脆性骨折史、家族骨質(zhì)疏松癥史、吸煙、飲酒是骨質(zhì)疏松的危險(xiǎn)因素,使骨質(zhì)疏松癥患病率升高。
[Abstract]:Objective: to measure the part of the city residents in Shanxi city of Taiyuan Province, height, weight, bone mineral density (bone mineral, density, BMD), to investigate the way of life, past history and family history, to explore the related factors affecting part of the city of Taiyuan city adults BMD, and understand the part of the city of Taiyuan city adults osteoporosis prevalence as part of the city of Taiyuan City, prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in adults provides a simple, inexpensive, clinical scientific basis. Methods: from the part of the city of Shanxi province Taiyuan city residents, 1393 randomly selected as the research object, according to the integrity of the survey data and the inclusion criteria, ultimately included 529 research as the research object. The contents include: (1) questionnaire: basic information, history of brittle fracture history, family history of osteoporosis, the brittle fracture of family history, smoking history, drinking history, drinking milk, and the sun sports Condition; (2) physical examination: height, weight, body mass index (BMD; 3) measurement: using dual energy statistical data using SPSS17.0 statistical software for determination of lumbar BMD. X-ray BMD measuring instrument: measurement data with (?) + s; count data show rate percentage or the measured data; normal distribution test, test results show that the normal distribution of data obtained; multiple groups were analyzed using single factor analysis of variance between the 22 groups were compared with LSD-t test; count data rate or ratio compared with X~2 test or Fisher exact probability method; multivariate analysis using logistic regression analysis with statistical.P0.05 results: 1.. Significant differences in men and women, lumbar BMD in the youth group, middle age group and elderly group three between the 22 groups were statistically different (P0.05), and lumbar BMD age growth decreased. In men and women In the crowd, the prevalence rate of osteoporosis in young group, middle age group and elderly group three comparison between the 22 groups had statistical differences (P0.05), the prevalence of osteoporosis increases with age, and older women the prevalence of osteoporosis in elderly men with high.2. ratio in different age group, lumbar BMD in weight normal group, overweight group and obesity group three between the 22 groups was statistically difference (P0.05), lumbar BMD decreases with the decrease of BMI. In the older age group, the prevalence rate of osteoporosis in the normal weight group, overweight and obese group three between the 22 groups was statistically difference (P0.05), and osteoporosis with the prevalence of BMI was increased. In the young and middle-aged group of the BMI group, the prevalence rate of osteoporosis in.3. had no significant difference in women, menopause group compared with premenopausal group and postmenopausal group were statistically significant (P0 .05), premenopausal group and postmenopausal group were no significant difference, and menopause group lumbar BMD was lower than that of premenopausal group and postmenopausal group. The prevalence rate of osteoporosis in premenopausal group and postmenopausal group and postmenopausal group three between the 22 groups was statistically difference (P0.05), and with the prolonged duration of menopause the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteoporosis increased.4. family history and past history of fragility fractures are risk factors for osteoporosis; with a prevalence of osteoporosis.5. high smoking family history and past history of fragility fractures crowd of osteoporosis, drinking is a risk factor for osteoporosis, drink milk every day, exercise, increase the sun time is a protective factor for osteoporosis; people of high prevalence of unhealthy lifestyle osteoporosis. Conclusion: osteoporosis is part of the city residents of Taiyuan city in 1. prevalence rate is higher than the national average of.2. lumbar vertebra with BMD The growth of the age and reduce the prevalence of osteoporosis increases with age of.3. lumbar BMD decreases with the decrease of BMI, the elderly population prevalence of osteoporosis increased with the decrease of BMI and.4. in postmenopausal women with lumbar BMD was lower than that of premenopausal and postmenopausal women, the prevalence of osteoporosis with prolonged duration of menopause the increased.5. brittle fracture history, smoking, family history of osteoporosis, and drinking are the risk factors of osteoporosis, the prevalence of osteoporosis increases.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R580

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