本文選題：海上作業(yè)人群　切入點(diǎn)：高尿酸血癥　出處：《天津醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的通過對(duì)中國海洋石油總公司(以下簡稱中海油)職工三年健康體檢資料的分析和飲食習(xí)慣、行為生活方式等影響因素的調(diào)查,對(duì)比分析中海油海上與陸地兩大工作區(qū)域職工高尿酸血癥(Hyperuricemia,HUA)患病率、與體質(zhì)指數(shù)、糖脂代謝等相關(guān)疾病發(fā)生情況及其與飲食等危險(xiǎn)因素之間的相關(guān)性,以期員工建立良好的生活方式和習(xí)慣,控制慢性病的發(fā)病因素,為中海油員工防控HUA的發(fā)病提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。方法回顧性分析2010~2012年海洋石油總醫(yī)院健康管理系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)庫中的年齡20~60周歲、各項(xiàng)體檢數(shù)據(jù)完整的體檢者資料,進(jìn)行高尿酸血癥患病率和危險(xiǎn)因素分析。通過橫斷面調(diào)查的方法對(duì)中海油海上作業(yè)和陸地工作員工進(jìn)行問卷調(diào)查,有效調(diào)查問卷共597份,調(diào)查內(nèi)容包括一般人口學(xué)資料(年齡、性別、身高、體重、民族、文化程度、家庭人均月收入、工作區(qū)域、工種等)、生活方式(吸煙、飲酒、體育鍛煉等)及日常飲食習(xí)慣,相關(guān)疾病的患病情況等,分析海上和陸地兩大人群在人口學(xué)、生活方式及飲食習(xí)慣等方面的分布差異以及對(duì)HUA患病率的影響。結(jié)果2010年到2012年中海油田員工調(diào)查對(duì)象的HUA檢出率分別為34.40%、36.20%、38.60%,呈逐年升高趨勢(shì),且海上員工的HUA總檢出率37.41%高于陸地員工33.65%,P0.05;海上作業(yè)人員高血糖、高膽固醇血癥、高甘油三酯血癥、高血壓的檢出率分別為30.50%,19.00%,27.10%,36.10%,陸地人員相應(yīng)指標(biāo)的異常檢出率為24.1%、17.8%、21.1%、31.2%,除高膽固醇血癥(P=0.12)之外,海上作業(yè)人員異常檢出率均高于陸地作業(yè)人員,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,P0.05;高尿酸血癥組的體質(zhì)指數(shù)、收縮壓、舒張壓、血糖、血清總膽固醇、甘油三酯及低密度脂蛋白膽固醇的平均水平均高于正常血尿酸組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,P0.05。橫斷面調(diào)查問卷的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果表明,海上職工吸煙率和飲酒率、高鹽飲食、每日谷薯類攝入量、禽肉類及其制品攝入量、海產(chǎn)品攝入量、蛋類及蛋制品攝入量、豆類及豆制品攝入量等均高于陸地職工;陸地職工每日蔬菜攝入量高于海上職工。多因素Logistic回歸分析顯示,教育程度大�；虮究埔陨�(OR值為0.240)、碩士及以上(OR值為0.168)、體育鍛煉(OR值為0.555)、每日蔬菜攝入量200g以上(OR值為0.531)每日蔬菜攝入量400g以上(OR值為0.323)是HUA的保護(hù)因素;年齡50歲以上(OR值為3.212)、海上工作(OR值為1.714)、吸煙(OR值為2.053)、飲酒(OR值為1.617)、高鹽飲食(OR值為1.738)、每日禽肉類及肉制品攝入量100g以上(OR值為1.880)、每日海產(chǎn)品攝入量100g以上(OR值為1.889)是HUA的危險(xiǎn)因素。結(jié)論中海油職工HUA的患病率高于內(nèi)地其他地區(qū)的調(diào)查結(jié)果,并呈逐年升高趨勢(shì),常年海上工作區(qū)域的員工患病率高于陸地員工;HUA者多伴發(fā)超重或肥胖、高血糖、高脂血癥、高血壓等代謝性疾病。中海油海上職工和陸地職工在生活方式和飲食習(xí)慣方面存在一定的差異,海上職工的不良生活方式及不合理的膳食結(jié)構(gòu)是HUA的危險(xiǎn)因素。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the health examination data of employees of China National Offshore Oil Corporation (Cnooc) in three years, and to investigate the influencing factors such as eating habits, behavior and lifestyle, etc. To compare and analyze the prevalence of hyperuricemia, the incidence of hyperuricemia, the incidence of body mass index, glucose and lipid metabolism, and the relationship between the prevalence of hyperuricemia and related diseases, and the risk factors such as diet, etc. In order to establish a good lifestyle and habits of employees, to control the development of chronic diseases, To provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of HUA among CNOOC employees. Methods the data of persons aged 20 to 60 years old in the health management system database of Offshore Oil General Hospital from 2010 to 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. The prevalence rate and risk factors of hyperuricemia were analyzed. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among Cnooc offshore and land workers. 597 effective questionnaires were obtained, including general demographic data (age, age, age). Gender, height, weight, nationality, education level, average monthly income of family, work area, type of work, lifestyle (smoking, drinking, physical exercise, etc.), daily eating habits, prevalence of related diseases, etc., Analysis of the demography of both sea and land populations, Results from 2010 to 2012, the detection rate of HUA was 34.40% 36.20% and 38.60% respectively, which showed an increasing trend year by year. The total detection rate of HUA in sea workers was 37.41% higher than that in land workers (P 0.05), and there were hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia among sea workers. The detectable rate of hypertension was 30.50 / 19.00 and 27.106.100.The abnormal detection rate of the corresponding indexes of land workers was 24.1and 17.8and 21.1and 31.2cm respectively. Except for hypercholesterolemia (P0.12), the abnormal detectable rate of sea workers was higher than that of land workers. The average levels of body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, blood glucose, serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in hyperuricemia group were higher than those in normal serum uric acid group. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). The results of cross-sectional questionnaire showed that smoking and drinking rate, high salt diet, daily intake of potato, intake of poultry meat and its products, intake of seafood, and so on. The intake of eggs and egg products, beans and soybean products were higher than those of the land workers, and the daily vegetable intake of the land workers was higher than that of the sea workers. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, The protective factors of HUA were OR value 0.240, OR value of master's degree and above 0.168g, OR value of physical exercise 0.555g, OR value of more than 200g / day vegetable intake 0.531) > 400g / day vegetable intake > 0.323g / day. The OR value of 50 years old and above is 3.212g, the OR value of work at sea is 1.714, the OR value of smoking is 2.053, the OR value of drinking alcohol is 1.617, the OR value of high-salt diet is 1.738, the daily intake of poultry and meat products is 1.880, the daily intake of seafood is more than 100g or. Conclusion the prevalence of HUA in CNOOC workers is higher than that in other inland areas. The prevalence rate of workers in the perennial marine work area was higher than that in the land workers with Hua, which was accompanied by overweight or obesity, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Metabolic diseases such as hypertension. There are some differences in lifestyle and eating habits between CNOOC workers on the sea and land workers. Poor lifestyle and unreasonable dietary structure of marine workers are the risk factors of HUA.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：R589

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本文編號(hào)：1579851