社區(qū)圍絕經(jīng)期，絕經(jīng)后期女性生殖健康現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查及干預(yù)性研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-18 12:05
【摘要】：背景:絕經(jīng)是每個(gè)婦女必經(jīng)的一個(gè)特殊生理過程,由于卵巢功能逐漸衰竭可以引起各種不適癥狀以及遠(yuǎn)期并發(fā)癥,嚴(yán)重影響了絕經(jīng)婦女的生活質(zhì)量及健康結(jié)局。然而目前中老年人群對于絕經(jīng)所引起的相關(guān)癥狀及疾病普遍認(rèn)識不多,隨著社會老齡化的加劇,針對該人群的生殖健康特點(diǎn)給予專項(xiàng)管理和健康指導(dǎo),提高她們的認(rèn)知水平及重視程度,形成健康的行為方式,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)正確的自我評估和自我預(yù)防,對提高該人群的健康素質(zhì)和生活質(zhì)量,減少重大生殖相關(guān)疾病的發(fā)生具有十分重要的意義。目的:1)獲得最新的上海市地區(qū)圍絕經(jīng)期、絕經(jīng)后期女性人群生殖健康統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù);2)通過各種干預(yù)手段提高圍絕經(jīng)期、絕經(jīng)后期女性人群對該時(shí)期生殖健康的認(rèn)知與重視程度;3)提出上海市圍絕經(jīng)期、絕經(jīng)后期女性生殖健康管理與促進(jìn)模式,并進(jìn)行試點(diǎn)應(yīng)用,完善社區(qū)生殖健康服務(wù)預(yù)防和干預(yù)體系。方法:1)采用多階段整群隨機(jī)抽樣法在上海市隨機(jī)抽取四個(gè)區(qū)內(nèi)圍絕經(jīng)期及絕經(jīng)后期女性3320例,通過基本信息表,女性生殖健康相關(guān)知識,態(tài)度,行為(Knowledge-Attitude-Practice,KAP)問卷,生殖健康自我評估表等對該人群的生殖健康現(xiàn)狀,KAP水平及需求情況進(jìn)行全面評估,了解她們目前的生殖健康狀況;2)3320例居民隨機(jī)分為干預(yù)組和對照組,現(xiàn)況調(diào)查后對干預(yù)組人群采取生殖健康教育講座,健康咨詢,發(fā)放生殖健康保健讀本等干預(yù)方法,而對照組不接受干預(yù)。一個(gè)月后對兩組人群的KAP水平,生殖健康現(xiàn)狀等進(jìn)行二次評估,評價(jià)其變化情況及干預(yù)手段的有效性。結(jié)果:1)被調(diào)查者的平均自然絕經(jīng)年齡為:50.06±3.82歲。人群在常規(guī)婦科體檢,圍絕經(jīng)期綜合癥及炎癥方面具有較高的認(rèn)知,態(tài)度及行為水平,對于子宮肌瘤及人乳頭瘤病毒(Human Papilloma Virus,HPV)的認(rèn)知率較差,而對盆腔臟器脫垂,尿失禁的認(rèn)知及行為預(yù)防方面得分較低。所有被調(diào)查者中,相關(guān)癥狀出現(xiàn)的頻率從高到低依次是:圍絕經(jīng)期綜合癥,性功能,生殖道炎癥,生殖系統(tǒng)腫瘤,尿失禁和盆腔臟器脫垂。2)通過本次干預(yù),與對照組相比,試驗(yàn)組在生殖相關(guān)知識,態(tài)度方面均有顯著的提高,在行為方面的提高無明顯的統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。與對照組相比,生殖道炎癥與圍絕經(jīng)期綜合癥及性功能的改善率具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。但性功能癥狀的改善率與就醫(yī)率均最低。結(jié)論:通過本次干預(yù)發(fā)現(xiàn),人群對各項(xiàng)保健知識的知曉率及態(tài)度上的重視都有顯著的提高,一些癥狀也得到了明顯的改善,提示干預(yù)效果較好,值得推廣。在干預(yù)方式的選擇上,應(yīng)根據(jù)人群的特點(diǎn),選擇廣播電視,報(bào)刊雜志等相應(yīng)傳統(tǒng)并更形象的手段;另外,要重視基層社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)人員在干預(yù)過程中的作用。而在干預(yù)對象上,更應(yīng)重視低收入,低學(xué)歷及老齡人群。干預(yù)內(nèi)容方面,人群對壓力性尿失禁,性功能障礙等癥狀的認(rèn)知水平較差,改善率低,卻因羞于啟齒,不重視等原因不愿就醫(yī),故在干預(yù)的過程中要引起重視。
[Abstract]:BACKGROUND: Menopause is a special physiological process that every woman has to go through. Ovarian failure can cause various discomfort symptoms and long-term complications, which seriously affects the quality of life and health outcomes of menopausal women. However, there is little knowledge about the related symptoms and diseases caused by menopause in the middle-aged and elderly population. In view of the aggravation of social aging, special management and health guidance should be given to the population in accordance with their reproductive health characteristics, so as to improve their cognitive level and attach importance to it and form healthy behavior patterns, so as to realize correct self-evaluation and self-prevention, improve the health quality and quality of life of the population and reduce major reproductive-related diseases. Objective: 1) To obtain the latest statistical data of reproductive health of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women in Shanghai; 2) To improve the awareness and attention of women in perimenopausal period and postmenopausal period to reproductive health by various interventions; 3) To propose perimenopausal and postmenopausal women in Shanghai. Methods: 1) 3320 perimenopausal and postmenopausal women were randomly sampled from four districts in Shanghai by multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Through basic information table, knowledge, attitude and behavior of women's reproductive health were analyzed. (Knowledge-Attitude-Practice, Reproductive Health Self-Assessment Questionnaire, etc.) for the population's reproductive health status, KAP level and demand for a comprehensive assessment, to understand their current reproductive health status; 2) 3320 residents were randomly divided into intervention group and control group, the status of intervention group after the population to adopt reproductive health education lectures. One month later, the KAP level and reproductive health status of the two groups were assessed to evaluate the changes and the effectiveness of intervention methods. Results: 1) The average age of natural menopause was 50.06 (+ 3.82) years old. Gynecological examination, perimenopausal syndrome and inflammation have higher cognitive, attitude and behavioral level, hysteromyoma and human papillomavirus (HPV) awareness rate is poor, and pelvic organ prolapse, urinary incontinence awareness and behavioral prevention score is low. All respondents, related symptoms appear. Frequency from high to low is: perimenopausal syndrome, sexual function, genital tract inflammation, reproductive system tumors, urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. 2) Through this intervention, compared with the control group, the experimental group in reproductive related knowledge, attitude has significantly improved, there is no significant statistical significance in the improvement of behavior. Conclusion: Through this intervention, we found that the awareness rate of health care knowledge and attitudes of the population have been significantly improved, and some symptoms have also been significantly improved. In the choice of intervention methods, we should choose the corresponding traditional and more vivid means, such as radio and television, newspapers and magazines, according to the characteristics of the population. In addition, we should pay attention to the role of grass-roots community health service personnel in the intervention process. In the intervention object, we should pay more attention to the low-income, low-education and elderly population. In terms of intervention content, the people's awareness of stress urinary incontinence, sexual dysfunction and other symptoms is poor, and the improvement rate is low. However, they are reluctant to seek medical treatment because of shyness and neglect of attention, so attention should be paid to the intervention process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R711.75
本文編號：2189417
[Abstract]:BACKGROUND: Menopause is a special physiological process that every woman has to go through. Ovarian failure can cause various discomfort symptoms and long-term complications, which seriously affects the quality of life and health outcomes of menopausal women. However, there is little knowledge about the related symptoms and diseases caused by menopause in the middle-aged and elderly population. In view of the aggravation of social aging, special management and health guidance should be given to the population in accordance with their reproductive health characteristics, so as to improve their cognitive level and attach importance to it and form healthy behavior patterns, so as to realize correct self-evaluation and self-prevention, improve the health quality and quality of life of the population and reduce major reproductive-related diseases. Objective: 1) To obtain the latest statistical data of reproductive health of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women in Shanghai; 2) To improve the awareness and attention of women in perimenopausal period and postmenopausal period to reproductive health by various interventions; 3) To propose perimenopausal and postmenopausal women in Shanghai. Methods: 1) 3320 perimenopausal and postmenopausal women were randomly sampled from four districts in Shanghai by multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Through basic information table, knowledge, attitude and behavior of women's reproductive health were analyzed. (Knowledge-Attitude-Practice, Reproductive Health Self-Assessment Questionnaire, etc.) for the population's reproductive health status, KAP level and demand for a comprehensive assessment, to understand their current reproductive health status; 2) 3320 residents were randomly divided into intervention group and control group, the status of intervention group after the population to adopt reproductive health education lectures. One month later, the KAP level and reproductive health status of the two groups were assessed to evaluate the changes and the effectiveness of intervention methods. Results: 1) The average age of natural menopause was 50.06 (+ 3.82) years old. Gynecological examination, perimenopausal syndrome and inflammation have higher cognitive, attitude and behavioral level, hysteromyoma and human papillomavirus (HPV) awareness rate is poor, and pelvic organ prolapse, urinary incontinence awareness and behavioral prevention score is low. All respondents, related symptoms appear. Frequency from high to low is: perimenopausal syndrome, sexual function, genital tract inflammation, reproductive system tumors, urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. 2) Through this intervention, compared with the control group, the experimental group in reproductive related knowledge, attitude has significantly improved, there is no significant statistical significance in the improvement of behavior. Conclusion: Through this intervention, we found that the awareness rate of health care knowledge and attitudes of the population have been significantly improved, and some symptoms have also been significantly improved. In the choice of intervention methods, we should choose the corresponding traditional and more vivid means, such as radio and television, newspapers and magazines, according to the characteristics of the population. In addition, we should pay attention to the role of grass-roots community health service personnel in the intervention process. In the intervention object, we should pay more attention to the low-income, low-education and elderly population. In terms of intervention content, the people's awareness of stress urinary incontinence, sexual dysfunction and other symptoms is poor, and the improvement rate is low. However, they are reluctant to seek medical treatment because of shyness and neglect of attention, so attention should be paid to the intervention process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R711.75
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條
1 楊繼梅;;社區(qū)婦女更年期早期健康教育調(diào)查分析[J];醫(yī)藥論壇雜志;2006年09期
2 溫瑞英;鄧錦娥;王維;程郁離;李建梅;魏月華;周華;;圍絕經(jīng)期婦女健康問題的社區(qū)干預(yù)效果研究[J];中國初級衛(wèi)生保健;2010年01期
3 趙更力,王臨虹,張文坤;華北城鄉(xiāng)圍絕經(jīng)婦女更年期保健知識、態(tài)度和行為的調(diào)查[J];中國健康教育;2002年01期
4 陳蓉;林守清;;構(gòu)建中的生殖衰老分期——生殖衰老分期+10專題研討會總結(jié)摘譯[J];中國實(shí)用婦科與產(chǎn)科雜志;2012年09期
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 張玲華;社區(qū)中老年女性壓力性尿失禁現(xiàn)況調(diào)查及干預(yù)性研究[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2011年
，本文編號：2189417
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/yixuelunwen/fuchankeerkelunwen/2189417.html
最近更新
教材專著
