不同化療模式對卵巢癌裸鼠移植瘤中ALDH1表達的影響
發(fā)布時間:2018-06-08 00:19
本文選題:卵巢上皮性癌 + SKOV3細胞��; 參考:《河北醫(yī)科大學》2014年碩士論文
【摘要】:卵巢上皮性癌(epithelial ovarian cancer, EOC)占卵巢惡性腫瘤的90%,是生殖道惡性腫瘤中死亡率最高的疾病。目前臨床病例治療的標準是徹底的腫瘤細胞減滅術(shù)和含鉑類藥物的多療程聯(lián)合化療,通常采用間斷的順鉑(cisplatin,DDP)最大可耐受劑量(maximum tolerated dose, MTD),然而,腫瘤復發(fā)仍是不可避免的,5年生存率一直徘徊在30%。腫瘤干細胞學說認為腫瘤干細胞(cancer stem cells,CSC)是存在于腫瘤內(nèi)的少數(shù)細胞,這些細胞具有無限增殖、自我更新及多向分化潛能,是腫瘤無限增殖、復發(fā)和轉(zhuǎn)移的根源[1]。傳統(tǒng)化療模式毒副作用較大,且容易產(chǎn)生腫瘤耐藥。近年來,一種新的化療模式—節(jié)拍化療(metronomic chemotherapy)即低劑量節(jié)拍(low-dose metronomic, LDM)化療,采用低劑量(化療藥物常規(guī)劑量的1/3-1/10),持續(xù)性或高頻率給藥[2]。LDM化療模式毒副作用較小,逐漸被應用于腫瘤治療,并在多種腫瘤治療中取得較好的療效。 乙醛脫氫酶1(Aldehyde dehydrogenase1,ALDH1)是一類位于細胞漿內(nèi)的酶類,廣泛分布于不同的組織,具有高氧化活性,參與視黃醇氧化為視黃酸的過程。近年來,ALDH1的活性作為多種腫瘤干細胞的標志物,如肺癌、肝癌、結(jié)腸癌、前列腺癌、乳腺癌、頭頸部腫瘤、黑色素瘤、卵巢癌等[3]。有研究認為,ALDH1是存在于所有卵巢腫瘤組織及現(xiàn)有的卵巢腫瘤細胞系中唯一的有干細胞潛能的標志物[4]。所以,我們利用人卵巢癌細胞株SKOV3建立裸鼠異種移植瘤模型,通過順鉑的MTD化療和LDM化療,觀察不同化療模式對裸鼠異種移植瘤的影響,并通過流式細胞分選術(shù)(fluorescence-activated cell sorting FACS)分選得到ALDH1陽性(ALDH1+)細胞,鑒定其是否具有腫瘤干細胞的特性,觀察不同化療模式對ALDH1表達的影響,進而尋找更有效的治療方法,為卵巢癌的臨床治療提供新的思路。 目的:通過使用順鉑對荷人卵巢癌SKOV3細胞裸鼠異種移植瘤模型進行不同化療,分析不同化療模式對移植瘤的作用效果及對移植瘤中ALDH1表達的影響,分離并鑒定ALDH1+細胞的腫瘤干細胞樣特性,從而推測不同化療模式對卵巢癌移植瘤的生物學特性的影響。 方法: 1建立裸鼠異種移植瘤模型:培養(yǎng)SKOV3細胞,將1×107個細胞,0.2mlPBS重懸,,接種于30只4-6周雌性裸鼠右側(cè)的大腿皮下,建立裸鼠異種移植瘤模型。將30只荷瘤裸鼠隨機分成3組:MTD-DDP組,DDP3mg/kg,1/3天,腹腔注射,共計6次;LDM-DDP組,DDP1mg/kg,1/1天,腹腔注射,共計18天;對照組即空白對照組。 2利用流式細胞分選術(shù)檢測并分選MTD-DDP組、LDM-DDP組和對照組裸鼠移植瘤原代細胞中ALDH1陽性(ALDH1+)細胞及ALDH1陰性(ALDH1-)細胞。使用ALDH1抗體標記原代細胞,通過流式細胞檢測,熒光表達較強的細胞群為ALDH1陽性(ALDH1+)細胞,熒光表達較弱的細胞群為ALDH1陰性(ALDH1-)細胞。 3采用體外平板克隆形成實驗檢測從MTD-DDP組、LDM-DDP組與對照組裸鼠移植瘤原代細胞中分選得到后并混合的ALDH1+細胞與ALDH1-細胞的克隆形成率。 4采用裸鼠體內(nèi)成瘤能力實驗檢測從MTD-DDP組、LDM-DDP組與對照組裸鼠移植瘤原代細胞中分選得到后并混合的ALDH1+細胞及ALDH1-細胞皮下成瘤情況。 5采用Western blot方法檢測從MTD-DDP組、LDM-DDP組與對照組裸鼠移植瘤原代細胞中分選得到后并混合的ALDH1+細胞與ALDH1-細胞中增殖細胞核抗原Ki-67、乳腺癌耐藥蛋白(breast cancer resistant protein,BCRP)及CD133的表達情況。 6統(tǒng)計學方法:采用SPSS17.0統(tǒng)計軟件進行數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計,計量資料以均數(shù)±標準差表示,方差齊性檢驗,三組以上采用方差分析,組間差異采用LSD法,兩組數(shù)據(jù)比較采用t檢驗,以α龶0.05為檢驗水準,當P<0.05時,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義;當P>0.05時,差異無統(tǒng)計學意義。 結(jié)果: 1不同化療模式對裸鼠皮下移植瘤的影響情況 MTD-DDP組與LDM-DDP組對裸鼠的移植瘤生長均有抑制作用,裸鼠移植瘤的平均體積均顯著小于對照組(P 0.05,P 0.05)。MTD-DDP組抑瘤率為22.05%,LDM-DDP抑瘤率為44.02%,MTD-DDP組裸鼠移植瘤的平均體積與LDM-DDP組裸鼠移植瘤的平均體積差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P 0.05)。 2MTD-DDP組、LDM-DDP組與對照組裸鼠移植瘤原代細胞中ALDH1+細胞的表達情況 通過流式細胞分選術(shù)檢測ALDH1+細胞在MTD-DDP組裸鼠移植瘤原代細胞中所占比率(0.72%)顯著高于其在對照組裸鼠移植瘤原代細胞中所占比率(0.43%,P 0.05);然而,ALDH1+細胞在LDM-DDP組裸鼠移植瘤原代細胞中所占比率(0.25%)顯著低于其在對照組裸鼠移植瘤原代細胞中所占比率(0.43%,P 0.05)。這表明MTD-DDP組富集腫瘤干細胞樣細胞,而LDM-DDP組則減少腫瘤干細胞樣細胞的表達。 3ALDH1+細胞與ALDH1-細胞體外形成克隆情況: 由MTD-DDP組、LDM-DDP組與對照組裸鼠移植瘤原代細胞中分選得到后并混合的ALDH1+細胞和ALDH1-細胞的克隆形成率分別為48.53%、6.53%,兩種細胞克隆形成率比較差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P 0.05)。這提示ALDH1+細胞具有較高的克隆形成能力,而ALDH1-細胞則具有較低的克隆形成能力。 4ALDH1+細胞與ALDH1-細胞在裸鼠體內(nèi)的成瘤情況 5000個由MTD-DDP組、LDM-DDP組和對照組裸鼠移植瘤原代細胞中分選得到后并混合的ALDH1+細胞與ALDH1-細胞分別接種裸鼠大腿皮下,6周后ALDH1+細胞的成瘤率為40%(2/5),ALDH1-細胞未成瘤(0/5)。 將10000個由MTD-DDP組、LDM-DDP組和對照組裸鼠移植瘤原代細胞中分選得到后并混合的ALDH1+細胞與ALDH1-細胞分別接種裸鼠大腿皮下,6周后ALDH1+細胞的成瘤率為80%(4/5),ALDH1-細胞未成瘤(0/5)。結(jié)果顯示,ALDH1+細胞具有體內(nèi)成瘤能力,而ALDH1-細胞不具有體內(nèi)成瘤能力。 5Ki-67、BCRP及CD133在ALDH1+細胞與ALDH1-細胞中的表達情況 通過Western blot方法檢測Ki-67在由MTD-DDP組、LDM-DDP組與對照組裸鼠移植瘤原代細胞中分選得到后并混合的ALDH1-細胞中表達較多,而在ALDH1+細胞中表達較少。而BCRP與CD133均在ALDH1+細胞中高表達,而在ALDH1-細胞中表達較少。Ki-67、BCRP及CD133這三種蛋白在ALDH1+細胞與ALDH1-細胞中的相對表達量比較差異均有統(tǒng)計學意義(P 0.05)。 結(jié)論: 1ALDH1+細胞有明顯的平板克隆能力及體內(nèi)成瘤能力,并且高表達BCRP與CD133,而Ki-67表達較低,這表明ALDH1+細胞具有CSC樣的部分特性,可以作為卵巢癌CSC潛在的標志物。 2MTD化療使卵巢癌中ALDH1+細胞增多,說明MTD化療對CSC樣細胞有一定程度的富集作用,這可能與腫瘤復發(fā)、耐藥等有關(guān); LDM化療可使ALDH1+細胞減少,說明LDM化療可降低CSC樣細胞,這將有可能會減少耐藥性、降低復發(fā)率,進而改善患者預后。
[Abstract]:Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), which accounts for 90% of the malignant tumor of the ovary, is the most fatal disease in the malignant tumor of the reproductive tract. The standard of treatment for clinical cases is thorough tumor cell subtraction and multi course combined chemotherapy containing platinum drugs, usually the largest tolerable agent of discontinuous cisplatin (cisplatin, DDP) is used. Maximum tolerated dose, MTD), however, tumor recurrence is still inevitable, the 5 year survival rate has been hovering in the 30%. tumor stem cell theory that the cancer stem cells (cancer stem cells, CSC) are the few cells in the tumor. These cells have unlimited proliferation, self renewal and multidirectional differentiation potential, which is the infinite proliferation of tumors. The root cause of hair and metastasis is [1]. traditional chemotherapy model toxic side effects and easy to produce tumor resistance. In recent years, a new mode of chemotherapy - metronomic chemotherapy (low-dose metronomic, LDM) chemotherapy, low dose (1/3-1/10) of low dose (chemotherapy drug routine dose 1/3-1/10), continuous or high frequency drug [2]. LDM chemotherapy has less toxic and side effects, and has been gradually applied to cancer treatment.
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (Aldehyde dehydrogenase1, ALDH1) is a class of enzymes in the cytoplasm, widely distributed in different tissues, with high oxidative activity and in the oxidation of retinol to retinoic acid. In recent years, the activity of ALDH1 has been used as a marker for a variety of tumor stem cells, such as lung cancer, liver cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, and head. [3]. in cervical tumors, melanoma, ovarian cancer and other studies suggest that ALDH1 is the only marker of stem cell potential in all ovarian tumor tissues and existing ovarian tumor cell lines, so we use human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 to establish xenotransplantation tumor model in nude mice, by MTD chemotherapy with cisplatin and LDM chemotherapy. The effects of different chemotherapy models on xenotransplantation tumor in nude mice were investigated, and ALDH1 positive (ALDH1+) cells were selected by flow cytometry (fluorescence-activated cell sorting FACS) to identify the characteristics of the tumor stem cells, and to observe the effects of different chemotherapy modes on the expression of ALDH1, and to find a more effective treatment method. The clinical treatment of ovarian cancer provides a new way of thinking.
Objective: to analyze the effect of different chemotherapeutic modes on the transplanted tumor and the effect on the expression of ALDH1 in the transplanted tumor by using cisplatin in the xenotransplantation tumor model of nude mice with human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells, and to isolate and identify the tumor stem cell like characteristics of ALDH1+ cells, so as to speculate on the different chemotherapeutic modes for ovarian cancer transplantation tumor. The effects of biological characteristics.
Method錛
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