【摘要】：目的了解安徽省某市青少年學(xué)生對待肥胖者態(tài)度，及超重和肥胖學(xué)生對自身肥胖的內(nèi)在化歧視態(tài)度的現(xiàn)狀，探討自尊、抑郁、應(yīng)對方式、生活滿意度等心理健康因素與歧視態(tài)度的關(guān)聯(lián)性，為降低對肥胖的歧視，更好的控制肥胖增長趨勢提供一定依據(jù)。 方法采用分層整群抽樣方法，根據(jù)學(xué)歷分層，整群抽取合肥市初中、高職及大學(xué)各1所，共調(diào)查2981名學(xué)生。在獲得調(diào)查對象口頭知情同意的情況下，由經(jīng)過培訓(xùn)的調(diào)查員，組織以班級(jí)為單位獨(dú)立匿名答卷。內(nèi)容包括學(xué)生的一般人口學(xué)特征（性別、年齡、身高、體重等）、對待肥胖者態(tài)度測試、內(nèi)在化歧視量表、自尊調(diào)查表、自評抑郁量表、簡易應(yīng)對方式問卷、多維學(xué)生生活滿意度調(diào)查表等。在進(jìn)行單因素分析的基礎(chǔ)上，將對待肥胖者態(tài)度測試得分分別與自尊、抑郁、應(yīng)對方式(分為積極應(yīng)對方式和消極應(yīng)對方式)、生活滿意度等心理健康因素進(jìn)行相關(guān)分析。并根據(jù)BMI值獲取超重及肥胖青少年學(xué)生，將內(nèi)在化歧視量表得分分別與自尊、抑郁、應(yīng)對方式、生活滿意度等心理健康因素進(jìn)行相關(guān)分析。以自尊、抑郁、應(yīng)對方式和生活滿意度為外生變量，內(nèi)在化歧視量表得分為內(nèi)生變量，采用結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型，依據(jù)歧視相關(guān)理論建立并繪制內(nèi)在化歧視模型的路徑分析圖。 結(jié)果對待肥胖者態(tài)度得分在不同性別、學(xué)歷、BMI及心理健康水平間的差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義，男生得分為2.326±0.518，高于女生2.096±0.455；大學(xué)生得分2.069±0.466低于初中（2.273±0.480）和高職（2.270±0.533）學(xué)生；消瘦學(xué)生得分最高為2.378±0.579，而超重學(xué)生得分最低為2.070±0.465。多元線性回歸結(jié)果提示，低自尊、高抑郁、低生活滿意度、消極應(yīng)對方式可能是導(dǎo)致青少年對待肥胖者態(tài)度得分較高的原因。根據(jù)BMI值獲取超重及肥胖青少年學(xué)生共203名，他們的內(nèi)在化歧視得分在不同性別、學(xué)歷及心理健康水平間的差異也有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義，男生得分為3.755±0.983，低于女生（4.075±0.936），，大學(xué)生得分為3.371±0.861，低于初中學(xué)生（4.004±1.013），而高職學(xué)生得分最高為4.142±0.807。經(jīng)過多元線性回歸分析和AMOS路徑分析結(jié)果表明，生活滿意度和自尊對內(nèi)在化歧視存在直接影響作用；自尊通過影響積極應(yīng)對方式，進(jìn)而對生活滿意度造成影響，間接影響內(nèi)在化歧視；抑郁通過影響生活滿意度間接影響內(nèi)在化歧視。 結(jié)論本地區(qū)青少年對肥胖存在不同程度的歧視，不同性別、學(xué)歷及心理健康狀態(tài)與對待肥胖的態(tài)度有一定的相關(guān)性，提示可以通過培養(yǎng)學(xué)生建立良好的自尊，促進(jìn)積極健康的心態(tài)的形成，以降低對肥胖的歧視，從而更好的達(dá)到控制肥胖增長趨勢的目的。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the attitude of adolescent students towards obesity and the status quo of the attitude of overweight and obese students towards their own obesity, and to explore their self-esteem, depression and coping styles. The relationship between psychological health factors such as life satisfaction and discriminatory attitudes provides a basis for reducing the discrimination against obesity and better controlling the increasing trend of obesity. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 1 junior middle school, 1 higher vocational school and 1 university in Hefei according to the stratification of educational background. A total of 2981 students were investigated. With the oral informed consent of the subjects, the trained investigators organized independent anonymous responses in class. The contents include the general demographic characteristics of the students (sex, age, height, weight, etc.), attitude tests for obese people, internalization discrimination scale, self-esteem questionnaire, self-rating depression scale, simple coping style questionnaire, etc. Multi-dimensional student life satisfaction questionnaire and so on. On the basis of univariate analysis, the scores of attitude test were analyzed with mental health factors such as self-esteem, depression, coping style (including positive coping style and negative coping style), life satisfaction and so on. The scores of internalized discrimination scale were correlated with mental health factors such as self-esteem, depression, coping style, life satisfaction and so on. Self-esteem, depression, coping style and life satisfaction were taken as exogenous variables, and the scores of internalized discrimination scale were taken as endogenous variables. The structural equation model was used to establish and draw the path analysis map of the internalized discrimination model according to the theory of discrimination. Results the scores of attitude towards obesity were significantly different among different genders, educational background, BMI and mental health level. The scores of boys were 2.326 鹵0.518, higher than that of girls 2.096 鹵0.455; The scores of 2.069 鹵0.466 students were lower than that of junior high school students (2.273 鹵0.480) and higher vocational students (2.270 鹵0.533), the highest scores of thin students were 2.378 鹵0.579, and the lowest scores of overweight students were 2.070 鹵0.465. The results of multiple linear regression suggested that low self-esteem, high depression, low life satisfaction and negative coping styles might be the reasons for the higher scores of adolescents' attitude towards obesity. According to the BMI value, a total of 203 overweight and obese adolescent students were obtained. Their scores of internal discrimination were statistically significant among different sexes, educational background and mental health level. The scores of male students were 3.755 鹵0.983, respectively. Lower than female students (4.075 鹵0.936), the score of college students is 3.371 鹵0.861, lower than junior middle school students (4.004 鹵1.013), while the highest score of higher vocational students is 4.142 鹵0.807. The results of multiple linear regression analysis and AMOS path analysis showed that life satisfaction and self-esteem had direct effects on internalized discrimination. Self-esteem affects positive coping style, and then affects life satisfaction, indirectly affects internalization discrimination; depression indirectly affects internalized discrimination by influencing life satisfaction. Conclusion there are different degrees of discrimination against obesity among adolescents in this area. Different gender, educational background and mental health status are related to attitudes towards obesity, suggesting that good self-esteem can be established by cultivating students. To promote the formation of a positive and healthy attitude, to reduce the discrimination against obesity, so as to better control the growth trend of obesity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R589.25

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 李曉苗;張芳芳;孫昕

本文編號(hào)：2425528