【摘要】：目的：本課題通過觀察彈性髓內(nèi)釘在兒童四肢長骨骨折中的應(yīng)用，對彈性髓內(nèi)釘治療四肢長骨骨折的手術(shù)適應(yīng)癥和療效作出客觀的評(píng)價(jià)，以期更好地指導(dǎo)臨床，從而為以后的進(jìn)一步深入研究打下基礎(chǔ)。 方法：按隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法，將初次篩選合格病例共40例，分為2組，A組20例，應(yīng)用彈性髓內(nèi)釘對骨折進(jìn)行固定，B組20例，應(yīng)用鋼板對骨折進(jìn)行內(nèi)固定。每組隨診時(shí)間為6-10月，兩組患者均于術(shù)后定期進(jìn)行X片復(fù)查，主要觀察骨折對位對線情況、骨痂出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間、骨折愈合時(shí)間、臨近關(guān)節(jié)功能及并發(fā)癥的發(fā)生情況,從而分析結(jié)果及出現(xiàn)的原因。 結(jié)果：所有患者隨訪時(shí)間6—10個(gè)月，兩組患兒在隨訪期內(nèi)全部愈合，對位對線良好，骨折愈合良好，無釘?shù)栏腥�，無不愈合或延遲愈合或骨髓炎病例，患兒負(fù)重、行走和活動(dòng)功能完全恢復(fù)。 結(jié)論：彈性髓內(nèi)釘內(nèi)固定適合于兒童四肢長骨骨干橫形、短斜形和螺旋形骨折,在治療小兒四肢長骨骨折方面優(yōu)于鋼板固定，能有效的縮短骨折愈合時(shí)間，能保護(hù)骨骺，，不損傷骨骺血管，使患者能更早的進(jìn)行早期功能鍛煉，髓內(nèi)釘拔出方便，具有簡便、微創(chuàng)、安全、術(shù)后康復(fù)快的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:Objective: by observing the application of elastic intramedullary nail in the treatment of long bone fracture of extremities in children, objective evaluation was made on the indication and curative effect of elastic intramedullary nail in the treatment of long bone fracture of extremities, in order to better guide the clinical practice. Thus lay the foundation for further research. Methods: according to the method of random digital table, 40 cases were divided into two groups: group A (n = 20) treated with elastic intramedullary nail and group B (n = 20) treated with steel plate. The follow-up time of each group was 6 to 10 months. The patients in both groups underwent X ray reexamination regularly after operation. The fracture alignment, the time of callus appearance, the time of fracture healing, the function of adjacent joint and the occurrence of complications were observed. Thus, the results and the reasons for their appearance are analyzed. Results: all the patients were followed up for 6 to 10 months. All the children in the two groups were healed during the follow-up period, with good alignment, good fracture healing, no nail infection, no nonunion or delayed healing or osteomyelitis. Walking and activity functions are fully restored. Conclusion: elastic intramedullary nail internal fixation is suitable for the transverse, short oblique and spiral fractures of the long bone of extremities in children. It is superior to plate fixation in the treatment of long bone fractures of limbs in children. It can effectively shorten the time of fracture healing and protect the epiphysis. No injury to epiphyseal vessels, early functional exercise, intramedullary nail pull-out convenience, with simple, minimally invasive, safe, quick postoperative recovery advantages.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R726.8

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