長(zhǎng)沙城區(qū)0-14歲兒童哮喘流行病學(xué)調(diào)查及其影響因素分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-18 16:25
【摘要】：目的：了解目前長(zhǎng)沙市0-14歲兒童哮喘的患病率及分布特征,探討影響兒童哮喘發(fā)病的危險(xiǎn)因素,為進(jìn)一步改進(jìn)兒童哮喘的防治工作提供依據(jù)。 方法：①采用整群隨機(jī)抽樣方法,隨機(jī)抽取長(zhǎng)沙市芙蓉區(qū)0~14歲兒童(1996年7月1日零點(diǎn)-2010年6月31日11時(shí)59分出生的兒童)13929人作為調(diào)查對(duì)象。對(duì)所有調(diào)查對(duì)象發(fā)放“兒童哮喘與過敏性疾病初篩表”,由工作人員或家長(zhǎng)逐項(xiàng)填寫完整,要求有效問卷回收率90%。問卷回收后用EPIinfo軟件統(tǒng)一錄入電子版。②初篩表1~6項(xiàng)任何一項(xiàng)陽(yáng)性者進(jìn)入疑似兒童哮喘診斷流程,確診為哮喘的兒童由工作人員填寫“0~14歲哮喘兒童調(diào)查表”。③采用成組病例對(duì)照調(diào)查方法,隨機(jī)選擇271名本次確診的哮喘兒童為病例組,同時(shí)在相應(yīng)人群中選擇性別、民族和年齡構(gòu)成相近的健康兒童271名作為對(duì)照組,填寫“0~14歲非哮喘兒童調(diào)查表”,進(jìn)行兒童哮喘危險(xiǎn)因素病例對(duì)照研究。④統(tǒng)計(jì)方法：全部資料使用Epi-info2002軟件錄入,統(tǒng)計(jì)兒童哮喘發(fā)病相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。病例對(duì)照資料采用SPSS軟件進(jìn)行l(wèi)ogistic回歸分析。 結(jié)果：①本次共調(diào)查長(zhǎng)沙城區(qū)0~14歲兒童13929人,回收合格問卷12719份,有效應(yīng)答率91.31%。12719名兒童中診斷兒童哮喘(包括嬰幼兒期哮喘)353例,咳嗽變異性哮喘48例,可疑哮喘或喘息性支氣管炎81例,共4：82例,患病率為3.79%。其中以1~2歲和6~7歲患病率最高,分別為6.28%和6.26%。②患病性別比：482例哮喘兒童中,男296例,女186例,男女比例為1.59：1。性別差異有顯著意義(p0.05)③首次發(fā)病平均年齡為2.36歲,30.1%的患兒在一歲以內(nèi)出現(xiàn)喘息,70.7%的患兒在3歲之前發(fā)病,6歲以上發(fā)病僅占6.2%。④發(fā)病誘因主要為呼吸道感染(87.3%)、天氣變化/接觸冷空氣(57.1%)、各種刺激性氣味(56.1%)、食物(16.6%)、運(yùn)動(dòng)(13.2%)等；⑤病例對(duì)照研究結(jié)果：家族哮喘或過敏史(OR=3.174)、個(gè)人藥物過敏史(OR=2.980)、過敏性鼻炎史(OR=2.312)、皮膚過敏史(OR=2.693)、食物過敏史(OR=2.391)、剖宮產(chǎn)(OR=1.631)、1歲以內(nèi)使用抗生素(OR=2.602)、家裝使用墻面壁紙(OR=0.382)、家具使用防火板(OR=2.051)9個(gè)因素進(jìn)入logistic回歸方程,p0.05。 結(jié)論：①長(zhǎng)沙城區(qū)0~14歲兒童哮喘患病率達(dá)到3.79%,哮喘給患兒家庭帶來較大經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)和社會(huì)影響。②兒童哮喘的發(fā)病與多種因素相關(guān),家族過敏或哮喘史、個(gè)人藥物過敏史、過敏性鼻炎史、皮膚過敏史、食物過敏史、剖宮產(chǎn)、使用抗生素、家具使用防火板可能為哮喘發(fā)病的危險(xiǎn)因素。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the prevalence and distribution of asthma in children aged 0-14 years in Changsha, and to explore the risk factors affecting the incidence of asthma in children, so as to provide the basis for further improving the prevention and treatment of asthma in children. Methods: (1) A total of 13929 children (children born at 014 years old from July 1, 1996 to 11:59 on June 31, 2010) in Furong District of Changsha City were randomly selected by cluster random sampling method. All the subjects were given the "Children's Asthma and allergic Disease screening form", which was completed by the staff or parents, and the effective questionnaire recovery rate was 90%. After the questionnaire was recovered, the electronic version was recorded by EPIinfo software. (2) in the first screening table, any one of the 6 positive individuals entered the diagnostic procedure of suspected asthma in children. The children who were diagnosed with asthma were filled out by the staff members of the questionnaire for Children with Asthma at the age of 14. 3 by using a group case-control investigation method, 271 children with asthma were randomly selected as the case group, and at the same time, the sex was selected among the corresponding population. 271 healthy children with similar ethnic and age composition were used as control group. The questionnaire of non-asthmatic children aged 14 years old was filled out and the case-control study on risk factors of asthma in children was carried out. 4 Statistical methods: all data were recorded with Epi-info2002 software. Statistics of children asthma related data. Case control data were analyzed by logistic regression with SPSS software. Results: 1 A total of 13929 children aged 14 years old from 0 to 14 years old were investigated in Changsha City. 12719 eligible questionnaires were collected. The effective response rate was 91.31.12719 children with diagnosed asthma (including infantile asthma) 353 cases, cough variant asthma 48 cases. There were 81 cases of suspected asthma or wheezing bronchitis, there were 4:82 cases, the prevalence rate was 3.79. Among them, the prevalence rate of 1 and 7 years old was the highest (6.28% and 6.26.2%, respectively): in 482 asthmatic children, 296 cases were males and 186 cases were females, the ratio of males to females was 1.59: 1. The mean age of the first onset was 2.36 years old. 30.1% of the children had wheezing within one year old, 70.7% of the children had the disease before the age of 3 years, and the average age of the first onset was 2.36 years old (p0.05). The main inducements were respiratory tract infection (87.3%), weather change / exposure to cold air (57.1%), irritating odor (56.1%), food (16.6%). Exercise (13.2%) and so on; 5Case-control study results: family history of asthma or allergy (OR=3.174), history of personal drug allergy (OR=2.980), history of allergic rhinitis (OR=2.312), history of skin allergy (OR=2.693), history of food allergy (OR=2.391), Cesarean section (OR=1.631), using antibiotics (OR=2.602) less than 1 year old, wall wallpaper (OR=0.382) and fireproof panel (OR=2.051) for furniture, entered the logistic regression equation, p0.05. Conclusion: (1) the prevalence of asthma in children aged 14 years in Changsha is 3.79, which brings greater financial burden and social impact to children's families. 2 the incidence of asthma in children is related to many factors, family allergies or history of asthma. A history of personal drug allergy, allergic rhinitis, skin allergy, food allergy, cesarean section, antibiotic use, and fireproof panel furniture may be risk factors for asthma.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R725.6
本文編號(hào)：2386111
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the prevalence and distribution of asthma in children aged 0-14 years in Changsha, and to explore the risk factors affecting the incidence of asthma in children, so as to provide the basis for further improving the prevention and treatment of asthma in children. Methods: (1) A total of 13929 children (children born at 014 years old from July 1, 1996 to 11:59 on June 31, 2010) in Furong District of Changsha City were randomly selected by cluster random sampling method. All the subjects were given the "Children's Asthma and allergic Disease screening form", which was completed by the staff or parents, and the effective questionnaire recovery rate was 90%. After the questionnaire was recovered, the electronic version was recorded by EPIinfo software. (2) in the first screening table, any one of the 6 positive individuals entered the diagnostic procedure of suspected asthma in children. The children who were diagnosed with asthma were filled out by the staff members of the questionnaire for Children with Asthma at the age of 14. 3 by using a group case-control investigation method, 271 children with asthma were randomly selected as the case group, and at the same time, the sex was selected among the corresponding population. 271 healthy children with similar ethnic and age composition were used as control group. The questionnaire of non-asthmatic children aged 14 years old was filled out and the case-control study on risk factors of asthma in children was carried out. 4 Statistical methods: all data were recorded with Epi-info2002 software. Statistics of children asthma related data. Case control data were analyzed by logistic regression with SPSS software. Results: 1 A total of 13929 children aged 14 years old from 0 to 14 years old were investigated in Changsha City. 12719 eligible questionnaires were collected. The effective response rate was 91.31.12719 children with diagnosed asthma (including infantile asthma) 353 cases, cough variant asthma 48 cases. There were 81 cases of suspected asthma or wheezing bronchitis, there were 4:82 cases, the prevalence rate was 3.79. Among them, the prevalence rate of 1 and 7 years old was the highest (6.28% and 6.26.2%, respectively): in 482 asthmatic children, 296 cases were males and 186 cases were females, the ratio of males to females was 1.59: 1. The mean age of the first onset was 2.36 years old. 30.1% of the children had wheezing within one year old, 70.7% of the children had the disease before the age of 3 years, and the average age of the first onset was 2.36 years old (p0.05). The main inducements were respiratory tract infection (87.3%), weather change / exposure to cold air (57.1%), irritating odor (56.1%), food (16.6%). Exercise (13.2%) and so on; 5Case-control study results: family history of asthma or allergy (OR=3.174), history of personal drug allergy (OR=2.980), history of allergic rhinitis (OR=2.312), history of skin allergy (OR=2.693), history of food allergy (OR=2.391), Cesarean section (OR=1.631), using antibiotics (OR=2.602) less than 1 year old, wall wallpaper (OR=0.382) and fireproof panel (OR=2.051) for furniture, entered the logistic regression equation, p0.05. Conclusion: (1) the prevalence of asthma in children aged 14 years in Changsha is 3.79, which brings greater financial burden and social impact to children's families. 2 the incidence of asthma in children is related to many factors, family allergies or history of asthma. A history of personal drug allergy, allergic rhinitis, skin allergy, food allergy, cesarean section, antibiotic use, and fireproof panel furniture may be risk factors for asthma.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R725.6
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