147例兒童腺病毒肺炎的臨床與影像學(xué)表現(xiàn)研究分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-12-13 13:58
【摘要】:目的:探討兒童腺病毒肺炎的流行特征、臨床特點(diǎn)、胸部X片與胸部CT影像表現(xiàn)特點(diǎn),提高對(duì)該病的影像診斷能力,為臨床提供幫助。 方法:收集從2010年4月到2011年4月我院確診的腺病毒肺炎147例,所有病例鼻咽部脫落細(xì)胞用免疫熒光法檢測腺病毒抗原均陽性,重癥病例采用中華醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)兒科學(xué)分會(huì)呼吸組制定的重度肺炎診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。據(jù)此標(biāo)準(zhǔn)在本組147例中,普通型91例,重癥型56例。113例患兒行胸部X片檢查,其中42例隨訪2次及以上;82例行胸部CT檢查,26例隨訪2次及以上;仡櫺苑治銎湫夭縓片和胸部CT影像資料,并結(jié)合臨床進(jìn)行分析,統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件使用SPSS17.0。 結(jié)果: 1.腺病毒肺炎的流行病學(xué)特征:147例腺病毒肺炎患兒中,男97例,女50例,男:女=1.9:1,年齡13天~10歲7月,≤5歲患兒93.1%(138/147),6月~2歲患兒59.9%(88/147),2010年冬季出現(xiàn)兒童腺病毒肺炎的發(fā)病高峰。 2.腺病毒肺炎的臨床特征:發(fā)熱95.2%(140/147),其中高熱82.3%(121/147),平均熱程10.39±6.75天。腺病毒肺炎易出現(xiàn)多系統(tǒng)損害,重癥型出現(xiàn)中毒性心肌炎、中毒性腦病、中毒性肝炎等損害較普通型比例高,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=7.302、17.238、5.106,P<0.05)。 3.腺病毒肺炎胸部X片表現(xiàn):間質(zhì)性改變多見,達(dá)92.0%(104/113);實(shí)變以小葉實(shí)質(zhì)浸潤性病變居多66.4%(75/113),其中雙肺受累84.0%(63/75);肺段及大葉實(shí)質(zhì)浸潤性病變48.7%(55/113),受累肺葉以左肺下葉最多見,右肺上葉次之,左肺上葉最少見;肺不張10.6%(12/113);胸膜增厚5.3%(6/113),胸腔積液6.2%(7/113)。4.腺病毒肺炎胸部CT表現(xiàn):重癥型以雙肺多發(fā)團(tuán)簇狀實(shí)變?yōu)橹?6.8%(43/56),此類團(tuán)簇狀實(shí)變多密度較高、邊緣模糊、強(qiáng)化均勻,向心性分布多見。重癥型小氣道改變發(fā)生率明顯高于普通組,統(tǒng)計(jì)有顯著性差異(χ2=12.094,P<0.05)。 結(jié)論:1.重慶地區(qū)2010年兒童腺病毒肺炎以冬季較高發(fā),≤5歲兒童易感染腺病毒肺炎,臨床上腺病毒肺炎發(fā)熱時(shí)間長,高熱多見,,重癥型易出現(xiàn)多臟器損害; 2.腺病毒肺炎胸部X片以肺間質(zhì)改變多見,實(shí)變以小葉實(shí)質(zhì)浸潤和肺段及肺葉實(shí)質(zhì)浸潤居多,受累肺葉以左肺下葉最多,胸腔積液及胸膜增厚少見。 3.重癥型腺病毒肺炎在胸部CT上以雙肺多發(fā)團(tuán)簇狀實(shí)變?yōu)樘攸c(diǎn),此類實(shí)變密度較高、邊緣模糊、強(qiáng)化均勻,多呈向心性分布,重癥型 易發(fā)生小氣道改變,應(yīng)加強(qiáng)隨訪警惕閉塞性細(xì)支氣管炎發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the epidemic and clinical characteristics of adenovirus pneumonia in children, and to improve the diagnostic ability of chest X ray and chest CT. Methods: 147 cases of adenovirus pneumonia diagnosed in our hospital from April 2010 to April 2011 were collected. The exfoliated cells of nasopharynx were detected positive by immunofluorescence method. Severe cases were diagnosed by the respiratory group of the Chinese Academy of Pediatrics. According to the standard, 91 cases of common type and 56 cases of severe type were performed chest X-ray examination, 42 of them were followed up for 2 times or more, and 82 cases were followed up for 2 times and more than 2 times for CT examination, and 26 cases were followed up for 2 times or more. The chest X ray and chest CT imaging data were analyzed retrospectively, and the clinical data were analyzed. SPSS17.0. was used as the statistical software. Results: 1. Epidemiological characteristics of adenovirus pneumonia: among 147 children with adenovirus pneumonia, 97 were male, 50 female, male: female = 1.9: 1, age 13 days to 10 years old July, 鈮
本文編號(hào):2376654
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the epidemic and clinical characteristics of adenovirus pneumonia in children, and to improve the diagnostic ability of chest X ray and chest CT. Methods: 147 cases of adenovirus pneumonia diagnosed in our hospital from April 2010 to April 2011 were collected. The exfoliated cells of nasopharynx were detected positive by immunofluorescence method. Severe cases were diagnosed by the respiratory group of the Chinese Academy of Pediatrics. According to the standard, 91 cases of common type and 56 cases of severe type were performed chest X-ray examination, 42 of them were followed up for 2 times or more, and 82 cases were followed up for 2 times and more than 2 times for CT examination, and 26 cases were followed up for 2 times or more. The chest X ray and chest CT imaging data were analyzed retrospectively, and the clinical data were analyzed. SPSS17.0. was used as the statistical software. Results: 1. Epidemiological characteristics of adenovirus pneumonia: among 147 children with adenovirus pneumonia, 97 were male, 50 female, male: female = 1.9: 1, age 13 days to 10 years old July, 鈮
本文編號(hào):2376654
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