【摘要】：目的研究非營養(yǎng)性吸吮對早產(chǎn)低出生體重兒體格生長和消化功能的影響,并探討在管飼前、管飼喂養(yǎng)過程中、管飼后分別對早產(chǎn)低出生體重兒實施非營養(yǎng)性吸吮對其影響效果有無差異。方法采用便利抽樣的方法,抽取2016年1月~2016年7月天津市某綜合性三甲醫(yī)院新生兒科收治的120例早產(chǎn)低出生體重兒,應(yīng)用隨機數(shù)字表法將研究對象分為4組,即A組、B組、C組和D組,每組30例。A組為對照組,給予早產(chǎn)兒常規(guī)治療和一般護理,B組、C組和D組為干預(yù)組,除給予常規(guī)治療和一般護理外,分別在管飼前、管飼喂養(yǎng)過程中以及管飼后給予非營養(yǎng)性吸吮,觀察并記錄各組早產(chǎn)低出生體重兒的基本資料、體格生長指標和消化功能指標,比較分析4組早產(chǎn)低出生體重兒的體重增長速度、身長增長速度及頭圍增長速度、喂養(yǎng)不耐受的發(fā)生情況、胎糞排盡時間、過渡至完全經(jīng)口喂養(yǎng)的時間以及住院時間。使用SPSS16.0統(tǒng)計軟件對資料進行錄入和統(tǒng)計學(xué)分析,統(tǒng)計學(xué)方法包括描述性統(tǒng)計分析、單因素方差分析、秩和檢驗、c2檢驗及多組間的兩兩比較。結(jié)果1.納入的120例早產(chǎn)低出生體重兒中,共失訪3例,其中1例因需外科手術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)院,2例病情不穩(wěn)定、需反復(fù)使用呼吸機而導(dǎo)致無法繼續(xù)實施干預(yù)。最終實際完成研究的對象為117例,A組29例,B組29例,C組29例,D組30例。4組早產(chǎn)低出生體重兒在胎齡、性別、分娩方式、出生體重、出生身長、出生頭圍、出生1min Apgar評分、奶粉種類等方面,差異沒有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05),各組間均衡,可以進行比較。2.各組早產(chǎn)低出生體重兒的體重增長速度差異沒有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05);身長增長速度、頭圍增長速度以及恢復(fù)至出生體重的時間差異均具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05),兩兩比較得出:A組與B組、C組、D組差異均具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05),B組、C組和D組三組各組間差異沒有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。3.各組早產(chǎn)低出生體重兒的腹脹發(fā)生率(A組48.3%、B組13.8%、C組10.3%、D組13.3%)差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05),兩兩比較得出:A組與B組、C組、D組差異均有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05),B組、C組和D組三組各組間差異沒有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05);胃潴留發(fā)生率(A組89.7%、B組55.2%、C組51.7%、D組43.3%)差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05),兩兩比較得出:A組與B組、C組、D組差異均有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05),B組、C組和D組三組各組間差異沒有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05);胎糞排盡時間、過渡至完全經(jīng)口喂養(yǎng)時間的差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05),兩兩比較得出:A組與B組、C組、D組差異均有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05),B組、C組和D組三組各組間差異沒有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。4.各組早產(chǎn)低出生體重兒的住院時間差異沒有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。結(jié)論1.非營養(yǎng)性吸吮能加快早產(chǎn)低出生體重兒身長和頭圍的生長,縮短恢復(fù)至出生體重的時間,促進體格生長。2.非營養(yǎng)性吸吮能改善早產(chǎn)低出生體重兒的消化功能,降低腹脹和胃潴留的發(fā)生率,加快胎糞的排出,減少達到完全經(jīng)口喂養(yǎng)的時間。3.管飼前、中、后分別給予非營養(yǎng)性吸吮對早產(chǎn)低出生體重兒體格生長和消化系統(tǒng)的作用效果并無差異,因此護理人員可根據(jù)工作需要合理安排對早產(chǎn)低出生體重兒實施非營養(yǎng)性吸吮。
[Abstract]:Objective To study the effect of non-nutritive sucking on the physical growth and digestive function of low birth weight infants. Methods 120 cases of low birth weight with low birth weight from January 2016 to July 2016 were extracted from January 2016 to July 2016. The study object was divided into 4 groups, namely group A, group B, group C and group D, and 30 cases in each group. in group A, that control group was given the routine treatment and general care of the premature infant, group B, group C and group D were the intervention group, except for routine treatment and general care, the non-nutritive suck was given in the course of tube feeding, feeding and feeding, and after the tube feeding, The basic data, physical growth index and digestive function index of the low birth weight infants in each group were observed and recorded, and the body weight growth rate, the growth rate of the body and the growth rate of the head circumference, the occurrence of the feeding intolerance and the time of the birth of the fetus were compared and analyzed. The time of the transition to full-mouth feeding, as well as the hospital stay. The data were recorded and analyzed by using the SPSS16. 0 statistical software. The statistical methods include descriptive statistical analysis, single factor analysis of variance, rank sum test, c2 test, and two comparisons between groups. Results 1. Of the 120 premature low birth weight infants, 3 cases were lost, one of which was due to the need for surgery, and 2 cases were not stable, and the ventilator was repeatedly used to cause the intervention to be continued. The results of the study were 117, 29 in group A, 29 in group B, 29 in group C and 30 in group D. The difference was not significant (P0.05), and the balance among the groups could be compared. The difference of the body weight of the low birth weight infants in each group was not statistically significant (P0.05); the growth rate of the body, the growth rate of the head circumference and the time difference between the recovery and the birth weight were statistically significant (P0.05), and the results were as follows: group A and group B, group C, The difference of group D in group B, group B, group C and group D was not statistically significant (P0.05). The incidence of abdominal distension of low birth weight infants in each group (group A, group A, group B, group B, group B, group B, group C, group C, group B, group B, group C and group D) was statistically significant (P0.05). The difference between group C and group D was not statistically significant (P0.05); the incidence of gastric retention (A group of 89.7%, group B 55.2%, group C 51.7%, and group D 44.3%) was statistically significant (P <0.05), and the results were as follows: group A and group B, group C, There was no significant difference between group D and group D (P0.05). There was no statistical difference between group B, group C and group D (P <0.05). The difference of time, time and time of transition to full-mouth feeding time in group B was statistically significant (P0.05). The results were as follows: group A and group B, group C, There was no significant difference between group D and group D (P0.05), and there was no statistical difference between group B, group C and group D (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the time of hospitalization for low birth weight infants in each group (P0.05). Conclusion 1. the non-nutritive sucking can accelerate the growth of the body length and the head circumference of the low birth weight infants with low birth weight, shorten the time of recovery to the birth weight, and promote the physical growth. The non-nutritive sucking can improve the digestive function of low birth weight infants with low birth weight, reduce the incidence of abdominal distention and stomachache, accelerate the discharge of the fetus, and reduce the time of full oral feeding. The effect of non-nutritive sucking on the physical growth and the digestive system of the low birth weight infants was not different before and after the feeding, so the nursing staff could reasonably arrange the non-nutritive sucking on the low birth weight of the premature labor according to the work.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R722.6

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