【摘要】：背景:隨著新生兒重癥監(jiān)護(hù)室的建立及產(chǎn)科技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展,早產(chǎn)兒、特別是極低出生體重早產(chǎn)兒及超低出生體重早產(chǎn)兒的存活率日益升高,但早產(chǎn)兒腦損傷的發(fā)病率并沒降低,反而有升高的趨勢。當(dāng)前迫切需要尋求一種能提高早產(chǎn)兒腦損傷診斷靈敏度的檢查方法,以期能早期診斷,并為臨床醫(yī)師早期治療提供依據(jù),降低遠(yuǎn)期神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)后遺癥。目的:通過對早產(chǎn)兒腦損傷的診斷和治療進(jìn)行綜述,探討提高早產(chǎn)兒腦損傷診斷靈敏度的診斷方法和降低遠(yuǎn)期神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)并發(fā)癥的治療手段。方法:以早產(chǎn)兒、腦損傷、診斷、治療、振幅整合腦電圖、經(jīng)顱多普勒超聲、頭顱磁共振為關(guān)鍵詞,進(jìn)行檢索,找出關(guān)于新生兒腦損傷診斷、治療的文章,并對其總結(jié)�？偨Y(jié):目前有大量文章是關(guān)于早產(chǎn)兒腦損傷的診斷和治療,但由于早產(chǎn)兒腦損傷病因多元,臨床表現(xiàn)不典型,目前仍缺乏診斷早產(chǎn)兒腦損傷的金標(biāo)準(zhǔn),近年來,國內(nèi)外新生兒科專家學(xué)者通過聯(lián)合多種檢查手段,能顯著提高新生兒腦損傷診斷的靈敏度。早產(chǎn)兒腦損傷的治療并無特效藥物,主要以營養(yǎng)神經(jīng)及綜合預(yù)防為主。早期診斷及治療,有助于減少腦損傷和遠(yuǎn)期神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)后遺癥。
[Abstract]:Background: with the establishment of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and the development of obstetrical techniques, the survival rate of premature infants, especially those with very low birth weight and ultra low birth weight, is increasing. However, the incidence of brain injury in premature infants did not decrease, but increased. There is an urgent need to find a method to improve the diagnostic sensitivity of brain injury in premature infants in order to provide evidence for early diagnosis and to reduce the long term sequelae of nervous system. Objective: to summarize the diagnosis and treatment of brain injury in premature infants, and to explore the diagnostic methods to improve the diagnostic sensitivity of brain injury in preterm infants and to reduce the long-term neurological complications. Methods: the key words of premature infant, brain injury, diagnosis, treatment, amplitude integrated EEG, transcranial Doppler ultrasound and cranial magnetic resonance were searched to find out the article about the diagnosis and treatment of neonatal brain injury and summarize it. Summary: there are a lot of articles on the diagnosis and treatment of brain injury in premature infants. However, due to the multiple causes and atypical clinical manifestations of brain injury in preterm infants, there is still a lack of golden criteria for the diagnosis of brain injury in preterm infants. Experts and scholars of neonatal pediatrics at home and abroad can significantly improve the sensitivity of neonatal brain injury diagnosis by combining various examination methods. The treatment of brain injury in preterm infants has no effect drugs, mainly nutritional nerve and comprehensive prevention. Early diagnosis and treatment are helpful to reduce brain injury and long-term neurological sequelae.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R722.6

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