【摘要】：目的了解深圳市寶安區(qū)幼托兒童因病缺課主要病因和癥狀及其流行病學(xué)特征,為制定針對性疾病防控措施提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。方法采用隨機(jī)抽樣的方法,抽取深圳市寶安區(qū)12所幼兒園5 173名托幼兒童進(jìn)行因病缺課監(jiān)測1學(xué)年,利用描述流行病學(xué)和分析流行病學(xué)的方法對監(jiān)測資料進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計分析。結(jié)果幼托兒童因病缺課9 516人次,缺課密度為183.96%;因病缺課20 317.5人天,缺課率為2.06%。男童因病缺課率為2.19%,女童為1.89%,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ2=104.55,P0.05)。小班因病缺課率為3.50%,中班為1.74%,大班為1.34%,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(χ2=3 895.86,P0.05)。因病缺課高發(fā)月份為5,6和10月,因病缺課率分別為2.74%,2.45%,2.26%。因病缺課的主要病因為感冒,構(gòu)成比為75.90%;主要癥狀為呼吸道癥狀和發(fā)熱,構(gòu)成比分別為41.39%,38.50%。結(jié)論呼吸道傳染病是幼兒園疾病防控的重點(diǎn),小班是重點(diǎn)關(guān)注人群,秋冬和春夏交季是關(guān)鍵時期。應(yīng)盡快開展幼托兒童健康監(jiān)測工作。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the main etiology, symptoms and epidemiological characteristics of children absent from school in Baoan District, Shenzhen, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of targeted diseases. Methods A total of 5 173 kindergarten children from 12 kindergartens in Baoan District of Shenzhen were selected by random sampling to monitor their absence from school for one school year. The monitoring data were analyzed by the methods of describing epidemiology and analyzing epidemiology. Results 9 516 children were absent from school because of illness, the absences density was 183.96, and the absence rate was 2.06 for 20 317.5 sick children. The rate of absent from school was 2.19 for boys and 1.89 for girls. The difference was statistically significant (蠂 2, 104.55, P0.05). The absence rate of small class was 3.50, middle class 1.74 and large class 1.34, the difference was statistically significant (蠂 2 / 3 895.86 P 0.05). The high incidence of illness absenteeism in June and October was 2.74 and 2.45 / 2.26 respectively. The main cause of absenteeism due to illness was cold, the constituent ratio was 75.90, and the main symptoms were respiratory symptoms and fever, which were 41.39 and 38.50 respectively. Conclusion Respiratory infectious disease is the focus of prevention and control in kindergarten, small class is the focus of attention, autumn and winter and spring and summer are the key periods. Child health monitoring should be carried out as soon as possible.
【作者單位】： 廣東省深圳市寶安區(qū)西鄉(xiāng)預(yù)防保健所;深圳市寶安區(qū)疾病預(yù)防控制中心;
【基金】：深圳市寶安區(qū)科技計劃項目(2014322)
【分類號】：R725

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