【摘要】：目的:1.了解北京市朝陽區(qū)兒童家長(zhǎng)對(duì)第二類疫苗認(rèn)知情況及接種意愿。2.探索分析北京市朝陽區(qū)兒童第二類疫苗接種的影響因素。3.了解“山東疫苗事件”發(fā)生前后,家長(zhǎng)和醫(yī)務(wù)人員對(duì)待第二類疫苗的態(tài)度。4.為科學(xué)接種第二類疫苗,進(jìn)一步提高人群的第二類疫苗接種提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。方法:本研究采用橫斷面調(diào)查的方法,于2015年10～12月和2016年4～6月分別在朝陽區(qū)43家社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中心保健科,按照簡(jiǎn)單隨機(jī)抽樣的原則抽取了 9個(gè)接種單位,對(duì)726名兒童的家長(zhǎng)進(jìn)行問卷調(diào)查;調(diào)查內(nèi)容包括:兒童的基本情況,疫苗的認(rèn)知情況和影響接種的因素以及兒童接種情況。并隨機(jī)抽取了朝陽區(qū)15家社區(qū)衛(wèi)生醫(yī)院保健科的118名預(yù)約醫(yī)生及接種醫(yī)護(hù)人員對(duì)第二類疫苗的認(rèn)知和推薦行為開展了自填式問卷調(diào)查。2016年利用同樣的抽樣方法,調(diào)查兒童家長(zhǎng)232名,醫(yī)護(hù)人員212名。調(diào)查問卷信息采用Epidata系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行錄入,經(jīng)過數(shù)據(jù)清洗導(dǎo)出后,采用描述性分析,卡方檢驗(yàn)以及Logistic回歸方法進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。結(jié)果:1.2016年較2015年,北京市朝陽區(qū)兒童家長(zhǎng)對(duì)第二類疫苗的接種意愿及接種門診醫(yī)生對(duì)第二類疫苗的推薦積極性呈現(xiàn)明顯的下降。2015年調(diào)查問卷的結(jié)果中顯示為77.8%,提示多數(shù)家長(zhǎng)愿意自費(fèi)接種第二類疫苗;在2016年的調(diào)查結(jié)果中顯示為55.6%。2.兒童家長(zhǎng)第二類疫苗認(rèn)知情況:70%以上的家長(zhǎng)知道疫苗分為兩類,并知道第二類疫苗的概念;2015年母親是決定第二類疫苗接種的主要人群,2016年則發(fā)生變化,“父親”“垞父母和同事朋友”的占比提高,12%的人群選擇不再接種自費(fèi)疫苗;2015年和2016年安全性始終是影響疫苗選擇的最主要因素;在獲取疫苗相關(guān)知識(shí)的渠道上,2015年首先主要通過媒體(廣播、電視、網(wǎng)絡(luò))的方式,2016年則轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橥ㄟ^保健科醫(yī)生的介紹來了解疫苗相關(guān)知識(shí)。3.兒童家長(zhǎng)第二類疫苗接種意愿:2015年77.69%的家長(zhǎng)、2016年55.6%的家長(zhǎng)愿意自費(fèi)為孩子接種第二類疫苗。4.朝陽區(qū)兒童第二類疫苗接種的影響因素有:2015年,單因素分析顯示影響家長(zhǎng)接種第第二類疫苗意愿的因素有:“調(diào)查對(duì)象與兒童的關(guān)系,居住時(shí)間,民族,父、母親文化程度,家庭人均月收入,家到接種點(diǎn)是否方便,路上花費(fèi)時(shí)間,接受等待的時(shí)間,接種點(diǎn)的服務(wù)時(shí)間”。2016年,單因素分析顯示,影響家長(zhǎng)接種第二類疫苗意愿的因素僅有“家到接種點(diǎn)是否方便”。結(jié)論:1.2016年較2015年,朝陽區(qū)兒童家長(zhǎng)對(duì)第二類疫苗的接種意愿和朝陽區(qū)醫(yī)生對(duì)第二類疫苗的推薦積極性發(fā)生變化,“山東疫苗事件”可能導(dǎo)致變化的原因。考慮該事件對(duì)第二類疫苗接種情況產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響,有必要采取措施,消除該事件的消極作用。2.兒童家長(zhǎng)了解疫苗相關(guān)知識(shí)的途徑在2016年發(fā)生明顯變化,從通過媒體轉(zhuǎn)向通過醫(yī)務(wù)工作者介紹,醫(yī)務(wù)工作者公信力增加。3.兒童父母親的文化程度、能接受等待的時(shí)間、服務(wù)時(shí)間是否合適、收入是影響第二類疫苗接種的重要因素。
[Abstract]:Objective: 1. to understand the cognition and willingness of parents of Chaoyang District children in Beijing city to second types of vaccines.2. explore and analyze the influence factors of second types of vaccine inoculation in Chaoyang District children of Beijing city..3. understand the attitude of parents and medical staff to the second types of vaccine before and after the occurrence of the "Shandong vaccine event",.4. for the scientific inoculation of second types of vaccines, One step is to provide scientific basis for improving the population of second types of vaccinations. Methods: in this study, a cross-sectional survey was used in the health care department of 43 community health service centers in Chaoyang District in 10~12 months of 2015 and 4~6 months of 2016. 9 inoculation units were selected according to the principle of simple random sampling, and the parents of 726 children were asked to do a questionnaire. The survey included the basic situation of children, the cognition of the vaccine, the factors affecting the inoculation and the situation of children's inoculation, and randomly selected 118 appointed doctors of the health care department of 15 community health hospitals in Chaoyang District and the medical and nursing staff to carry out a self-filled questionnaire survey on the cognition and recommendation of the second types of vaccines. The same sampling method was used to investigate 232 children's parents and 212 medical and nursing staff. The questionnaire information was recorded by Epidata system. After data cleaning and export, descriptive analysis, chi square test and Logistic regression were used to make statistical analysis. Results: 1.2016 years compared with 2015, second types of parents in Chaoyang District, Beijing The willingness to vaccinal and the recommended initiative of the vaccination outpatient doctors to second types of vaccines showed a significant decline in the results of the.2015 year survey, which showed 77.8%, suggesting that most parents were willing to take second types of vaccines at their own expense; in 2016 the results of the survey showed that second types of vaccines were recognized as parents of parents of 55.6%.2. children: more than 70% families The long known vaccine was divided into two categories, and the concept of second types of vaccines was known. In 2015, the mother was the main group to determine the second type of vaccination. In 2016, the population was changed. "Father", "parents and colleagues and friends" were increased, and 12% of the population chose not to be vaccinated; and the safety of 2015 and 2016 was always the influence of vaccine selection. The main factor; in the way of acquiring vaccine related knowledge, in 2015, first mainly through the media (radio, television, network), and in 2016, it was transformed into a health care practitioner to understand the vaccination related knowledge of.3. parents: 77.69% of parents in 2015, and 55.6% of parents in 2016 were willing to pay their own expenses. The factors affecting the inoculation of second types of vaccines for children of.4. Chaoyang District children are: in 2015, one factor analysis showed that the factors affecting the parents' willingness to vaccinate class second were: "the relationship between the children and the children, the time of living, the nation, the father, the mother's literacy, the monthly income of the family, and the convenience of the home to the inoculation point." On the way, the time spent, the waiting time, the service time of the inoculation point,.2016, single factor analysis showed that the factors affecting the willingness of parents to inoculate second types of vaccines were only "whether home to the inoculation point is convenient". Conclusion: 1.2016 years compared with 2015, Chaoyang District children's parents' vaccination intention of second types of vaccines and the second categories of doctors in Chaoyang District The recommended enthusiasm for the vaccine has changed, and the "Shandong vaccine event" may lead to changes. Considering the negative impact of the incident on the second types of vaccination, measures should be taken to eliminate the negative effects of the incident. The ways in which the parents of.2. children understand the vaccine related knowledge have changed significantly in 2016, from the media through the media. Through the introduction of medical workers, the credibility of medical workers increases the educational level of.3. children and parents, can accept the waiting time, whether the service time is suitable, and the income is an important factor affecting the second types of vaccination.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)疾病預(yù)防控制中心
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R186

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