兒童狼瘡性腎炎臨床表現(xiàn)與腎臟病理相關(guān)性:附41例臨床分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-05-10 21:07
本文選題:狼瘡性腎炎 + 兒童 ; 參考:《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文
【摘要】:目的: 探討狼瘡性腎炎(LN)患兒臨床表現(xiàn)與腎臟病理的相關(guān)性,為臨床治療提供理論依據(jù)。 方法: 選取2006年1月至2014年12月吉林大學(xué)第一醫(yī)院小兒腎病科住院治療并行腎穿刺活檢的41例LN患兒為研究對(duì)象,通過(guò)回顧性分析,對(duì)其臨床表現(xiàn)、腎臟病理、治療反應(yīng)等進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)。 結(jié)果: (1)本研究共41例患兒,其中男8例,女33例,男女之比為1:4.1。年齡8~15歲,平均年齡為11.2±1.7,其中8歲2例,9歲3例,10歲13例,11歲4例,12歲9例,13歲6例,14歲3例,15歲1例,不同性別與病理分型的比較無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(x2=5.242,P=0.263),各年齡段與腎臟病理分級(jí)無(wú)相關(guān)性(P=0.147)。 (2)41例LN患兒首發(fā)癥狀中腹痛1例,皮疹21例,浮腫18例,血尿13例,蛋白尿14例,發(fā)熱16例,關(guān)節(jié)腫痛6例,頭痛4例。其中發(fā)熱最常見(jiàn)為26例(63.4%),其次皮疹20例(48.8%),漿膜炎、關(guān)節(jié)腫痛均為14例(34.1%),水腫22例(53.7%),口腔潰瘍17例(41.5%),貧血25例(60.9%),血小板減少6例(14.6%),神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)7例(17.1%),脫發(fā)17例(41.5%)。 (3)Ⅱ級(jí)3例(7.3%),Ⅲ級(jí)7例(17.0%),Ⅳ級(jí)29例(70.3%),Ⅴ級(jí)1例(2.4%),Ⅳ㧏Ⅴ級(jí)1例(2.4%),其中以Ⅳ級(jí)最多見(jiàn)。 (4)本資料中41例LN患兒腎臟病理的免疫熒光檢查結(jié)果為:IgA沉積所占例數(shù)為39例(95.1%),IgM為39例(95.1%),IgG為31例(75.6%),C3為31例(75.6%),C1q為39例(95.1%),F(xiàn)為38例(92.7%);其中有31例(75.6%)全部出現(xiàn)免疫熒光陽(yáng)性沉積。41例LN患兒免疫復(fù)合物IgA、IgM、C1q、F沉積例數(shù)最多比例均為95.1%,其次為IgG、C3為75.6%。免疫復(fù)合物沉積的類型中IgA、IgM、IgG、C1q、F與腎臟病理分型的比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(x2=10.212,,P=0.037x2=9.391,P=0.042,x2=13.543,P=0.009),提示LN存在多種免疫復(fù)合物沉積。 (5)孤立性蛋白尿型6例(14.6%),急性腎炎型21例(51.2%),腎病綜合征型13例(31.7%),亞臨床型1例(2.4%)。 (6)輕度蛋白尿組5例(12.2%),中度蛋白尿組11例(26.8%),重度蛋白尿組25例(61.0%),其中重度蛋白尿組中有19例為病理分級(jí)Ⅳ級(jí),中重度蛋白尿組臨床分型中以腎病綜合征為主,急性腎炎次之。不同尿蛋白定量與病理分型間比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(x2=12.407, P=0.015)。 (7)本資料SLEDAI評(píng)分中:輕度活動(dòng)為2例;中度活動(dòng)8例;重度活動(dòng)為31例,其中24例重度評(píng)分腎臟病理?yè)p傷為Ⅳ級(jí);腎臟病理評(píng)分中平均分?jǐn)?shù)為7.7±3.3,以病理分級(jí)Ⅳ級(jí)為主。不同病理分型間SLE活動(dòng)性評(píng)分的比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F=13.080,P=0.011)。 結(jié)論: 1. LN的臨床分型與腎臟病理?yè)p傷程度不平行。 2. LN臨床表現(xiàn)、性別、年齡與腎臟病理分級(jí)無(wú)相關(guān)性。 3.尿蛋白定量與腎臟病理?yè)p傷程度相關(guān)。 4. LN存在多種免疫復(fù)合物沉積,與腎臟損傷程度相關(guān)。 5. SLE的活動(dòng)性與腎臟損傷程度相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:Objective: To investigate the correlation between the clinical manifestations and renal pathology in children with lupus nephritis (LN) and to provide theoretical basis for clinical treatment. Methods: From January 2006 to December 2014, 41 children with LN who were hospitalized in Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Renal biopsy in the first Hospital of Jilin University were selected as study objects. The clinical manifestations, renal pathology and therapeutic response were analyzed retrospectively. Results: In this study, there were 41 children, including 8 males and 33 females, the ratio of male to female was 1: 4.1. The average age was 11.2 鹵1.7 years old. Among them, 2 cases were 8 years old, 9 years old, 3 cases, 10 years old, 13 cases, 11 years old, 4 cases, 12 years old, 9 cases, 13 years old, 6 cases, 14 years old, 3 cases, 15 years old, 1 case, 1 case, 15 years old. There was no statistical significance between different sex and pathological classification. There was no correlation between different age groups and renal pathological grade (P = 0.147). The initial symptoms of 41 cases of LN were abdominal pain (1 case), rash (21 cases), edema (18 cases), hematuria (13 cases), proteinuria (14 cases), fever (16 cases), joint swelling and pain (6 cases) and headache (4 cases). The most common cases were fever in 26 cases, followed by rash in 20 cases, serositis and joint swelling and pain in 14 cases, edema in 22 cases, oral ulcer in 17 cases, anaemia in 25 cases, thrombocytopenia in 6 cases, neuropathy in 7 cases, and alopecia in 17 cases. There were 3 cases of grade 鈪
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