本文選題：空氣污染 + 出生缺陷��； 參考：《西安交通大學(xué)學(xué)報(醫(yī)學(xué)版)》2017年03期

【摘要】：目的分析西安市出生缺陷、空氣污染的空間分布特征,探討空氣污染暴露與出生缺陷結(jié)局的相關(guān)性。方法計算2010-2015年西安市空氣污染物濃度的算術(shù)均值、中位數(shù),描述其集中趨勢;統(tǒng)計四分位間距描述其離散趨勢;反距離權(quán)重空間插值法描述空氣污染物在整個研究區(qū)域的分布情況。統(tǒng)計2010-2015年西安市各區(qū)縣出生缺陷總的發(fā)生數(shù),并結(jié)合活產(chǎn)兒監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)計算出生缺陷發(fā)生率,描述其總體發(fā)生水平;利用全局趨勢分析描述出生缺陷空間上的主體變化規(guī)律;采用秩相關(guān)分析出生缺陷和空氣污染的相關(guān)性。結(jié)果 2010-2015年西安市空氣污染物空間分布結(jié)果顯示:SO_2在蓮湖區(qū)、雁塔區(qū)、灞橋區(qū)、碑林區(qū)、新城區(qū)等區(qū)縣濃度較高;NO_2在雁塔區(qū)、灞橋區(qū)、蓮湖區(qū)、碑林區(qū)、新城區(qū)等區(qū)縣濃度較高;PM10在灞橋區(qū)、雁塔區(qū)、新城區(qū)、未央?yún)^(qū)、閻良區(qū)等區(qū)縣濃度較高;PM2.5在灞橋區(qū)、新城區(qū)、蓮湖區(qū)、未央?yún)^(qū)、高陵區(qū)等區(qū)縣濃度較高。2010-2015年西安市出生缺陷發(fā)生總數(shù)為6 858例,圍產(chǎn)兒總數(shù)為752 142例,發(fā)生率為91.18/萬。出生缺陷的空間分布自西向東和自南向北方向總體均呈倒"U"型特點,出生缺陷與NO_2濃度正相關(guān)。結(jié)論西安市空氣污染和出生缺陷存在明顯的地區(qū)差別,出生缺陷可能與NO_2有一定的相關(guān)性。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the spatial distribution of birth defects and air pollution in Xi'an and to explore the relationship between air pollution exposure and birth defects. Methods the arithmetic mean and median of air pollutant concentration in Xi'an from 2010 to 2015 were calculated, and the concentration trend was described, and the discrete trend was described by statistical quartile spacing. The inverse distance weighted spatial interpolation method describes the distribution of air pollutants in the whole study area. According to the statistics of the total number of birth defects in Xi'an from 2010 to 2015, the incidence rate of birth defects was calculated by combining with the monitoring data of live births, and the overall occurrence level was described, and the main changes of birth defects in space were described by global trend analysis. The correlation between birth defects and air pollution was analyzed by rank correlation. Results from 2010 to 2015, the spatial distribution of air pollutants in Xi'an City showed that the concentration of WSO2 was higher in Lianhu District, Yanta District, Baqiao District, Forest area of Steles, Xincheng District, etc., in Yanta District, Baqiao District, Lianhu District, Stele Forest area, etc. Higher concentration of PM10 in Baqiao District, Yanta District, Xincheng District, Weiyang District, Yanliang District and other districts in Baqiao District, Xincheng District, Lianhu District, Weichung District, Yanliang District, and other districts, such as Baqiao District, Xincheng District, Lianhu District, Weiyang District, The total number of birth defects in Xi'an from 2010 to 2015 was 6858 and the total perinatal number was 752,142, the incidence rate was 911,800. The spatial distribution of birth defects from west to east and from south to north showed the characteristics of inverted "U" type, and the birth defects were positively correlated with the concentration of NO_2. Conclusion there are obvious regional differences between air pollution and birth defects in Xi'an, and birth defects may be related to NO_2.
【作者單位】： 西安市婦幼保健院;西安交通大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院流行病與衛(wèi)生統(tǒng)計學(xué)系;
【基金】：陜西省衛(wèi)計委出生缺陷防治課題(No.sxwsjswzfcght2016-013) 國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目(No.81230016)~~
【分類號】：X51;R174

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