本文選題：兒科 + 呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究背景：呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病是兒科的多發(fā)病，，也是兒科住院患兒就診的首位疾病。輕者影響小兒的生活和學(xué)習(xí)，重者可能發(fā)展為重癥肺炎、急性呼吸衰竭等，嚴重危害小兒的身心健康和發(fā)育�，F(xiàn)今呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病已成為兒童最常見、患病率最高、甚至危及生命的重要疾病。 目的：探討兒科住院患者疾病譜的特征及其分布規(guī)律，為醫(yī)院的科學(xué)管理和衛(wèi)生服務(wù)的方向及重點提供參考依據(jù)，同時也可供衛(wèi)生行政部門制定衛(wèi)生政策以及臨床醫(yī)務(wù)人員在進行疾病防治和臨床科研選題時作為參考。 方法：采用回顧性資料分析法對我院兒內(nèi)科在2005年~2011年期間收治的23372例呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病住院患者相關(guān)資料進行統(tǒng)計分析。 結(jié)果：（1）本次調(diào)查我院兒內(nèi)科2005年～2011年期間收治的呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病住院患兒中，男性構(gòu)成均高于女性，男:女為1.73～1.90:1。（2）住院患兒中主要以幼兒和嬰兒居多，分別占了整個呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病住院患兒的38.79%、33.96%。（3）嬰兒呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病中占首位的是毛細支氣管炎4156例，占該組疾病的52.37%；第2位是肺炎3018例，占該組疾病的38.03%；幼兒、學(xué)齡前期、學(xué)齡期呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病中占首位的均是肺炎，分別占該組疾病的61.48%、61.09%及57.84%；幼兒組第2位的是急性支氣管炎1150例，占該組疾病的12.69%；學(xué)齡前期及學(xué)齡期組排第2位均是急性上呼吸道感染，分別占該組疾病的16.94%及23.85%；哮喘在學(xué)齡前期及學(xué)齡期兒童中均排到第4位，分別占該組疾病的7.79%及6.46%。(4)兒科呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病住院患兒例數(shù)呈逐年增長的趨勢，且城市多于農(nóng)村。(5)小兒呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病住院患兒多見于冬、春季節(jié)。 結(jié)論：1.我院兒內(nèi)科呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病住院患兒中嬰兒和幼兒為兩個高發(fā)年齡段，呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病冬、春易見。2.我院兒內(nèi)科呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病住院患兒病種中，肺炎所占比例排首位。3.我院兒內(nèi)科呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病住院人數(shù)逐年增多，呈上升趨勢，但各年度疾病譜構(gòu)成相對穩(wěn)定。
[Abstract]:Background: respiratory system disease is a frequent disease in pediatrics and the first disease of pediatric hospitalized children. The light person affects the child's life and study, the heavy person may develop into the severe pneumonia, the acute respiratory failure and so on, seriously endangers the child's physical and mental health and the development. Nowadays, respiratory diseases have become the most common, the highest prevalence and even life-threatening diseases in children. Objective: to explore the characteristics and distribution of disease spectrum of pediatric inpatients, and to provide reference for the direction and emphasis of scientific management and health service in hospital. At the same time, it can also be used as a reference for health administrative departments to formulate health policies and for clinical medical staff to select topics for disease prevention and clinical research. Methods: the data of 23372 inpatients with respiratory diseases from 2005 to 2011 were analyzed by retrospective data analysis. Results (1) the composition of male was higher than that of female in pediatric department of pediatric medicine from 2005 to 2011. Male: female was 1.73 to 1.90: 1.2) the majority of hospitalized children were infants and infants. Accounting for 38.79% of the hospitalized children with respiratory diseases, respectively, the number of infants with respiratory diseases is 4156 cases of bronchiolitis, accounting for 52.37% of the diseases in this group; the second place is 3018 cases of pneumonia, accounting for 38.03% of the diseases in this group; and the number of infants in pre-school age is 38.03%. Pneumonia accounted for 61.48% and 57.84% of all respiratory diseases in school age, and 1150 cases of acute bronchitis were in the second place in the infant group. The second place in preschool and school-age group was acute upper respiratory tract infection, which accounted for 16.94% and 23.85% of the disease respectively. Asthma ranked fourth in preschool and school-age children. The number of hospitalized children with pediatric respiratory diseases showed an increasing trend year by year, and the number of hospitalized children with respiratory diseases in urban areas was more than that in rural areas (7.79% and 6.46% respectively). Conclusion 1. In our hospital, there are two high incidence age groups of infants and infants with respiratory diseases in our hospital, respiratory diseases are winter, spring is easy to see. 2. 2. The proportion of pneumonia was the first. 3 in the hospitalized children with pediatric respiratory diseases in our hospital. The number of inpatients with respiratory diseases in our hospital increased year by year, but the composition of disease spectrum in each year was relatively stable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R725.6

【引證文獻】

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1 馬會改;簡文亭;劉曉俊;鄧青;鄒亮;羅茗刈;;鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病住院兒童3954例抗生素使用狀況分析[J];廣東醫(yī)學(xué);2013年18期

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