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520例新生兒輸血狀況臨床調(diào)查分析

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-04-04 13:58

  本文選題:新生兒 切入點(diǎn):輸血 出處:《重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文


【摘要】:目的:目前輸血廣泛應(yīng)用于新生兒,了解新生兒輸血的現(xiàn)狀,為更好地指導(dǎo)輸血提供參考依據(jù)。 方法:收集了重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬兒童醫(yī)院新生兒診療中心自2011年6月1日至2011年12月1日收治入院并行輸血治療的520例新生兒的臨床資料,并行回顧性調(diào)查分析。 結(jié)果:同時(shí)期住院新生兒4149例,共輸血520例,,輸血率達(dá)12.53%,其中早產(chǎn)兒共住院997例,輸血早產(chǎn)兒304例,早產(chǎn)兒輸血率58.5%;輸血量與胎齡、出生體重、住院天數(shù)的相關(guān)性分析,r值分別是-0.116、-0.127、0.380,P值分別為0.009、0.004、0.000,提示輸血量與胎齡、出生體重呈負(fù)相關(guān),與住院天數(shù)呈正相關(guān);紅細(xì)胞輸注人數(shù)占同時(shí)期總住院新生兒的6.2%(256/4149),占總輸血人數(shù)的49.1%(256/520),輸血前平均RBC值為2.71±0.43×1012/L(1.01-3.97×1012/L),輸血前平均HGB值為90.99±14.78g/L(36-126g/L);冷沉淀輸注人數(shù)占總輸血人數(shù)的65%,F(xiàn)FP占3.7%,血小板占4.0%;輸血前平均PLT計(jì)數(shù)為25.9±11.0×109/L(8-43×109/L)。輸血患兒的疾病分布主要是新生兒肺炎(55.6%),其次是新生兒呼吸窘迫綜合征(17.1%)。 結(jié)論:胎齡、出生體重、住院天數(shù)是新生兒輸血的相關(guān)因素,胎齡、出生體重越小,住院天數(shù)越長,輸血量越大;另外,醫(yī)源性失血以及一些疾病因素如機(jī)械通氣時(shí)間、顱內(nèi)出血的發(fā)生等都可能與新生兒輸血相關(guān);目前紅細(xì)胞輸注多是依據(jù)臨床經(jīng)驗(yàn),缺乏對輸血指征的嚴(yán)格把握,而且輸血所引起的一些遠(yuǎn)期影響亦不能忽視;冷沉淀是我科應(yīng)用最多的血液成分,對于冷沉淀、新鮮冰凍血漿以及血小板的應(yīng)用,目前世界范圍內(nèi)都缺乏統(tǒng)一的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),不同地區(qū)的使用差異較大,且對于用血安全問題仍需要進(jìn)一步研究和探討。
[Abstract]:Objective: blood transfusion is widely used in newborns at present, to understand the status of neonatal blood transfusion, and to provide reference for better guidance of blood transfusion.Methods: the clinical data of 520 newborns admitted to Chongqing Medical University affiliated Children's Hospital from June 1, 2011 to December 1, 2011 were collected and analyzed retrospectively.Results: 4149 newborns were hospitalized in the same period, the blood transfusion rate was 12.53, including 997 premature infants, 304 premature infants, 58.5 premature infants, blood transfusion volume and gestational age, birth weight, blood transfusion rate of 58.5 cases, and the blood transfusion rate of 12.53 cases, including 997 cases of premature infants, 304 cases of premature infants and 58.5% of premature infants.Correlation analysis of hospitalization days: r values were -0.116- 0.127U 0.380, P = 0.009 ~ 0.004 ~ 0.000, respectively, indicating that blood transfusion volume was negatively correlated with gestational age and birth weight, and positively correlated with length of stay.綰㈢粏鑳?yōu)杈撴敞錆h鏁板崰鍚屾椂鏈熸

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