發(fā)布時間：2018-04-03 19:04

  本文選題：肺炎支原體　切入點：免疫反應(yīng)　出處：《山東大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：肺炎支原體(mycoplasma pneumoniae,MP)是已知的介于細菌和病毒之間的能獨立生活的最小病原微生物,無細胞壁,是兒童下呼吸道感染的重要病原體乙一。 輕癥的肺炎支原體感染僅表現(xiàn)陣發(fā)性刺激性干咳、發(fā)熱、呼吸音粗或僅聞及干羅音等,重癥感染可致支氣管肺炎、胸腔積液、肺實變、肺膿腫等,支原體感染可伴發(fā)多臟器、多系統(tǒng)的功能損害,呼吸道以外的病變累及范圍廣泛,可涉及神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)、皮膚粘膜損害、胃腸道系統(tǒng)、血液系統(tǒng)、心血管系統(tǒng)、肌肉及骨關(guān)節(jié)系統(tǒng)、耳、眼等,臨床表現(xiàn)復雜多變,可為肺炎支原體感染肺炎的伴隨癥狀,也可呈獨立表現(xiàn),不伴呼吸系統(tǒng)癥狀,肺炎支原體可以通過血行播散到達全身各部位的器官及組織,從而引起肺外損害的發(fā)生。大約有25%的肺炎支原體感染的人群可以發(fā)生肺外癥狀,而這種癥狀可發(fā)生于呼吸道癥狀同時、之前或之后。臨床中也可見到僅表現(xiàn)為肺外損害的病例而沒有典型的呼吸道癥狀。 與肺炎支原體感染相關(guān)的自身免疫反應(yīng)被認為與肺外并發(fā)癥的發(fā)生有密切關(guān)系。然而,PCR技術(shù)的廣泛應(yīng)用大大加深了對肺炎支原體感染全身傳播的認識程度。肺炎支原體在肺外部位如血液、滑膜炎、腦脊液、心包積液和破損皮膚組織中廣泛存在,并且均己通過PCR及直接培養(yǎng)方法而獲得,所以直接侵襲是支原體肺外并發(fā)癥的一個重要途徑。 本課題研究的目的就是通過回顧肺炎支原體感染患兒的臨床資料,總結(jié)肺炎支原體感染的肺外表現(xiàn),探討其臨床診治及用藥特點,以期指導臨床治療,最大限度避免誤診與漏診的發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:Mycoplasma pneumoniae MPN is the smallest pathogen that can live independently between bacteria and viruses. It has no cell wall and is an important pathogen B in children with lower respiratory tract infection.Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in mild cases only shows paroxysmal irritating dry cough, fever, thick breath sound or only smell and dry rales, etc. Severe infection can cause bronchopneumonia, pleural effusion, pulmonary consolidation, pulmonary abscess, etc. Mycoplasma infection can be accompanied by multiple organs.Multisystem functional damage, extensive involvement of diseases other than the respiratory tract, involving the nervous system, skin and mucosal lesions, gastrointestinal system, blood system, cardiovascular system, muscle and bone and joint systems, ears, eyes, etc.The clinical manifestations are complex and changeable. They can be associated symptoms of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection with pneumonia, but also present independent manifestations. Without respiratory symptoms, mycoplasma pneumoniae can spread through blood to organs and tissues in various parts of the body.This causes extrapulmonary damage.About 25 percent of people infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae can develop extrapulmonary symptoms, which can occur at the same time, before or after respiratory symptoms.Clinical manifestations of extrapulmonary lesions without typical respiratory symptoms can also be seen.The autoimmune response associated with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is thought to be closely related to the occurrence of extrapulmonary complications.However, the wide application of PCR technology has greatly deepened the understanding of systemic transmission of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.Mycoplasma pneumoniae is widely found in external pulmonary locations such as blood, synovitis, cerebrospinal fluid, pericardial effusion and damaged skin tissue, and has been obtained by PCR and direct culture.So direct invasion is an important way of extrapulmonary complications of Mycoplasma.The purpose of this study is to review the clinical data of children with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, summarize the extrapulmonary manifestations of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, and discuss the clinical diagnosis, treatment and medication characteristics of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in order to guide the clinical treatment.To avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R725.6

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本文編號：1706507