本文選題：新生兒　切入點(diǎn)：發(fā)育狀況　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：【目的】了解新生兒的健康狀況，掌握新生兒常見(jiàn)疾病的發(fā)病率、新生兒死亡率、死亡原因及其影響因素。獲得沈陽(yáng)市目前新生兒發(fā)育狀況及影響因素,為今后開(kāi)展早產(chǎn)、低體重等常見(jiàn)新生兒疾病的病因?qū)W研究奠定基礎(chǔ)。 【方法】以人群為基礎(chǔ)整群分層抽樣橫斷面調(diào)查沈陽(yáng)市2010年10月1日至2011年9月30日出生的6162例新生兒發(fā)育狀況及影響因素。 【結(jié)果】本研究共調(diào)查6162名新生兒，男女比為：1.073:1。分娩方式中剖宮產(chǎn)發(fā)生率較高，達(dá)到69.96%；沈陽(yáng)市新生兒出生平均體重為3399.24±459.69g；男嬰高于女?huà)�，，統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)有差異；不同胎齡新生兒的出生體重增長(zhǎng)值比較無(wú)顯著性差異。但身長(zhǎng)增長(zhǎng)值有顯著性差異；不同性別嬰兒出生身長(zhǎng)值無(wú)顯著性差異。相同胎齡組不同性別嬰兒的出生身長(zhǎng)均值比較無(wú)顯著性差異。產(chǎn)婦年齡與新生兒的出生體重成正態(tài)曲線(xiàn)關(guān)系。母親孕期體重增加與嬰兒出生體重呈正相關(guān)。早產(chǎn)兒占5.37%,過(guò)期產(chǎn)兒占0.7%，低出生體重發(fā)生率為3.55%，小于胎齡兒的發(fā)生率為0.75%，極低體重發(fā)生率0.13%，巨大兒的發(fā)生率為10.68%。在小于37周胎齡兒中，低出生體重發(fā)生率為54.98%，小于胎齡兒的發(fā)生率為2.72%。新生兒生后疾病以呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病最多，其中新生兒肺炎占首位。其次是神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)疾病。新生兒死亡率為3.8‰，新生兒第一位死因是早產(chǎn)低體重，其次是先天異常。母乳喂養(yǎng)為新生兒的主要喂養(yǎng)方式，占新生兒的92.99%,其次為混合喂養(yǎng)。 【結(jié)論】1.沈陽(yáng)市出生嬰兒男女比例失衡，男嬰高于女?huà)耄?.沈陽(yáng)市新生兒剖宮產(chǎn)率較高，不受性別影響；3.嬰兒平均出生體重和身長(zhǎng)符合常態(tài)，男嬰體重和身長(zhǎng)均略高于女?huà)耄?.早產(chǎn)兒低出生體重的發(fā)生率高于足月兒；5.低出生體重兒在新生兒期就出現(xiàn)追趕增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì)，體重、身高增長(zhǎng)值均大于其他嬰兒；6.母親受孕年齡、孕周、孕期體重增加情況及不良生活嗜好均與新生兒的出生體重有關(guān)；7.新生兒肺炎是新生兒期最常見(jiàn)的疾�。�8.新生兒死亡率為3.8‰，早產(chǎn)和低出生體重仍然是最主要新生兒死亡原因。
[Abstract]:[objective] to understand the health status of newborns, understand the incidence of common diseases of newborns, neonatal mortality, causes of death and their influencing factors. The etiology of common neonatal diseases, such as low body weight, lays the foundation. [methods] A cross-sectional survey of 6162 newborns born in Shenyang from October 1, 2010 to September 30, 2011 was conducted with cluster stratified sampling based on population. [results] A total of 6162 newborns were investigated in this study, the ratio of male to female was 1.0 73: 1.The incidence of cesarean section was higher in the mode of delivery, reaching 69.96, the average birth weight of newborn in Shenyang was 3399.24 鹵459.69 g, the ratio of male to female was higher than that of female, the difference was statistically significant. There was no significant difference in birth weight growth value among newborns of different gestational ages, but there was significant difference in body length growth value. There was no significant difference in birth body length between different genders. There was no significant difference in the mean of birth body length between different genders in the same gestational age group. The relationship between maternal age and newborn birth weight was normal. There was a positive correlation between weight gain and birth weight. Premature infants accounted for 5.37%, expired infants for 0.7, low birth weight for 3.55, smaller than gestational age for 0.75, very low body weight for 0.13, macrosomia for 10.68. The incidence of low birth weight was 54.98, and that of infants smaller than gestational age was 2.72.Respiratory diseases were the most common in postnatal neonates, among which neonatal pneumonia was the first, followed by nervous system diseases. The neonatal mortality rate was 3.8 鈥

本文編號(hào)：1700057