本文關(guān)鍵詞： 健康教育 營(yíng)口市 學(xué)齡前兒童 知信行　出處：《大連醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的:了解營(yíng)口市區(qū)學(xué)齡前兒童家長(zhǎng)營(yíng)養(yǎng)知信行情況,有針對(duì)性地進(jìn)行健康教育,最終評(píng)價(jià)其健康教育效果。方法:運(yùn)用整群抽樣方法,抽取營(yíng)口市三個(gè)市區(qū)(站前區(qū)、西市區(qū)、老邊區(qū))六所幼兒園中符合條件的450名家長(zhǎng),由統(tǒng)一培訓(xùn)的調(diào)查員面對(duì)面向調(diào)查對(duì)象提問(wèn)并根據(jù)回答填寫問(wèn)卷,調(diào)查問(wèn)卷采用專家設(shè)計(jì)的KAP問(wèn)卷:在該人群中間進(jìn)行為期1個(gè)月的兒童營(yíng)養(yǎng)健康教育:用相同的問(wèn)卷再次做問(wèn)卷調(diào)查,并做統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析。用Epi Data3.1建立數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)、并錄入,t檢驗(yàn)、F檢驗(yàn)及多元線性回歸分析等運(yùn)用SPSS23.0進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析。結(jié)果:本研究共發(fā)放問(wèn)卷450份,有效問(wèn)卷426份,有效率為94.67%,女性214人(50.16%),男性212人(49.84%),平均月齡(55.35±13.407)月,平均身高(107.08±9.176)cm,體重21.35kg,兒童家長(zhǎng)父親年齡20-29歲為72人(16.93%)、30-39歲為272人(63.58%)、40歲以上為82人(19.49%),父親職業(yè)技術(shù)工人為103人(23.96%)、商業(yè)及服務(wù)業(yè)99人(23.32%)、機(jī)關(guān)事業(yè)單位61人(14.38%)、個(gè)體125人(29.39%)、其他38人(8.95%),父親學(xué)歷初中及以下120人(28.43%)、133人(31.31%)、96人(22.36%)、77人(17.89%),母親年齡20-29歲為136人(32.27%)、30-39歲為256人(60.06%)、40歲以上34人(7.67%),母親職業(yè)技術(shù)工人為55人(12.78%)、商業(yè)及服務(wù)業(yè)81人(18.85%)、機(jī)關(guān)事業(yè)單位64人(15.02%)、個(gè)體111人(26.20%)、其他115人(27.16%),母親學(xué)歷初中及以下142人(33.23%)、高中/中專133人(31.31%)、大專/職大86人(20.13%)、本科及以上65人(15.34%),家庭月收入4000元90人(21.41%)、4000-6000元217人(50.16%)、6001-8000元58人(13.7%)、8000元61人(14.70%)。該人群兒童營(yíng)養(yǎng)知、信、行得分及格率分別為83.60%、96.80%、67.00%。營(yíng)養(yǎng)知識(shí)知曉情況:單因素分析結(jié)果顯示,不同特征被調(diào)者中父親學(xué)歷、父親職業(yè)、母親年齡、母親學(xué)歷、母親職業(yè)、營(yíng)養(yǎng)知識(shí)知曉情況與家庭月收入有顯著差異(P0.05)。多因素分析結(jié)果顯示,父親學(xué)歷越高營(yíng)養(yǎng)知曉率越高、父親職業(yè)與知曉率呈負(fù)相關(guān)、母親年齡越大知曉率越高,其父母月收入越多父母營(yíng)養(yǎng)知識(shí)知曉率則越高。營(yíng)養(yǎng)態(tài)度持有情況:母親職業(yè)差別有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,其母親職業(yè)為機(jī)關(guān)事業(yè)單位其營(yíng)養(yǎng)態(tài)度最積極。營(yíng)養(yǎng)行為持有情況:不同特征該人群中父親學(xué)歷、母親學(xué)歷營(yíng)養(yǎng)行為持有率差別有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05),多元回歸分析結(jié)果顯示,母親學(xué)歷越高其營(yíng)養(yǎng)行為正面持有率越高。分析其知、信、行三者關(guān)聯(lián)性研究結(jié)果顯示:知識(shí)與態(tài)度、知識(shí)與行為、態(tài)度與行為都具有相關(guān)性且都有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。健康教育前后KAP得分差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。結(jié)論:營(yíng)口市區(qū)學(xué)齡前兒童營(yíng)養(yǎng)行為中存在不科學(xué)現(xiàn)象,其家長(zhǎng)營(yíng)養(yǎng)認(rèn)知水平相對(duì)較低,經(jīng)健康教育后有所改善,應(yīng)繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)營(yíng)養(yǎng)教育,完善營(yíng)養(yǎng)宣傳模式。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the nutritional knowledge and practice of preschool children in Yingkou city, carry out health education and evaluate the effect of health education. Methods: three districts of Yingkou City were selected by cluster sampling. In six kindergartens, 450 parents who met the requirements were asked questions face to face by unified training investigators and filled out questionnaires according to the answers. The questionnaire used KAP questionnaire designed by experts: one month's education on children's nutrition and health was carried out among the population: the same questionnaire was used again, and the statistical analysis was done. The database was built with Epi Data3.1. The statistical analysis was carried out by means of SPSS23.0. Results: in this study, 450 questionnaires were sent out, 426 valid questionnaires, and the effective rate was 94.677.The effective rate was 94.670.214 women and 49.84g men, with an average age of 55.35 鹵13.407 months. The average height is 107.08 鹵9.176 cm, weight 21.35 kg. The father of the child is 72 people aged 20-29 years old. The number of parents aged 30-39 years is 272 people. The average height is 63.58 cm. 82 people are over 40 years old. The father's vocational and technical workers are 103 people, business and service industry 99 people are 23.3232kgs, enterprises and institutions are 61 people, and individual 125 people are 29.3939.The average height is 107.08 鹵9.176 cm, and the average height is 21.35 kg. His father's degree is 8.95m, his father's education is in the junior middle school and the following 120, there are 133 people, there are 133 people and there are 96 people, 22.361and 77 people, 136 people are his mother aged 20-29, 256 people are over 60.0640 years of age, 34 people are over the age of 60.0640 years old, the number of women's vocational and technical workers is 55 people, the number of business and service industry workers is 12.78o, 81 people in the business and service industries are 18.85m. 64, 111 individuals 26.20, 115 others 27.16, 142 mothers with qualifications and 142 below, 133 in senior secondary schools and secondary schools, 31.31, 86 in junior high schools / technical secondary schools, 20.1313 in junior colleges, 65 in undergraduate courses and above, and 21.41400 to 6,000 yuan in monthly household income, 50.166001-8000 yuan in 58 persons and 8,000 yuan in 13.7701,61 people. The children of this group know about nutrition, The results of single factor analysis showed that father's education, father's occupation, mother's age, mother's education, mother's occupation, mother's education, mother's education, father's occupation, mother's age, mother's education, mother's occupation. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the higher the father's educational background, the higher the nutritional awareness rate, the negative correlation was found between father's occupation and family's monthly income, and the higher the mother's age was, the higher the understanding rate was. The higher the parents' monthly income, the higher the awareness rate of their parents' nutrition knowledge. Its mother occupation is the government institution, its nutrition attitude is the most active. The nutrition behavior holds the situation: in the different characteristic this population father education, the mother education nutrition behavior holds the rate to have the statistical significance (P 0.05), the multivariate regression analysis result indicated, The higher the education level of mother, the higher the positive holding rate of nutritional behavior. The results of the study on the relationship among knowledge, belief and behavior showed that: knowledge and attitude, knowledge and behavior, The difference of KAP scores before and after health education was statistically significant (P 0.05). Conclusion: there is an unscientific phenomenon in the nutritional behavior of preschool children in Yingkou urban area, and their parents' nutritional cognition level is relatively low. After health education, we should continue to strengthen nutrition education and improve nutrition propaganda mode.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R153.2

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