中國視頻網(wǎng)站自制節(jié)目主持人身份研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-27 15:53
【摘要】：自2011年以來,視頻網(wǎng)站自制節(jié)目開始嶄露頭角,經(jīng)過三年的發(fā)展,視頻網(wǎng)站自制節(jié)目逐漸增多。同時,各大視頻網(wǎng)站自制節(jié)目的主持人也開始被人熟知,甚至超過電視節(jié)目主持人的影響力。如依托網(wǎng)絡(luò)自制節(jié)目的草根性主持人董成鵬,獲封"互聯(lián)網(wǎng)第一主持人"。如傳統(tǒng)媒體人轉(zhuǎn)戰(zhàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)目主持人,形成"新型文化媒介人"群體,如由具有良好文化資本的"新型知識分子"逐漸走向網(wǎng)絡(luò)自制節(jié)目的前臺。在傳統(tǒng)的電視節(jié)目中,主持人的工作主要根據(jù)節(jié)目的設(shè)定,其本身身份設(shè)定在"主持人"角色中,無更多自主意識的表達(dá)與呈現(xiàn)。而在網(wǎng)絡(luò)自制節(jié)目中,主持人身份的多元化,模糊化,身份表征呈現(xiàn)不斷增加,甚至受眾對主持人個人其他社會身份的認(rèn)知要超過節(jié)目主持人本身的角色設(shè)定。當(dāng)前對人的研究已從"角色"研究轉(zhuǎn)換為"身份"研究,"身份"研究為"角色理論"提供了一個主觀立場,更多主體意識的思考與反思。除此之外,身份理論相較于角色理論有一定的優(yōu)勢,它具備了角色理論不具有的對社會變化和文化意義的敏感度。本文著眼于將節(jié)目主持人的角色研究發(fā)展為身份研究,從單純的研究節(jié)目主持人角色功能本身到將節(jié)目主持人的研究導(dǎo)入一個更加廣闊的社會文化語境中。本文運用文獻(xiàn)資料研究法、內(nèi)容分析法、多學(xué)科交叉分析法等方法,將中國最為熱門的五大視頻網(wǎng)站中的自制節(jié)目主持人作為研究對象。對其中的典型主持人的身份進(jìn)行分類,并且結(jié)合文化研究、運用布爾迪厄的場域等理論分析視頻節(jié)目主持人身份特征。通過分析,本文研究主要成果如下:第一、本文將視頻網(wǎng)站中的主持人身份劃分為草根出身、新型文化媒介人、知識分子、傳統(tǒng)電視主持人、明星跨界等五大類,并發(fā)現(xiàn)各自身份能夠擔(dān)任視頻網(wǎng)站自制節(jié)目主持人的不同原因。第二、不同于廣播、電視等媒體環(huán)境,充滿"后現(xiàn)代主義"網(wǎng)絡(luò)文化的視頻網(wǎng)站,在節(jié)目設(shè)置、內(nèi)容選定上,呈現(xiàn)出泛娛樂、分眾化的取向。依托于此環(huán)境中的節(jié)目主持人,呈現(xiàn)出了與廣播、電視等媒體上不同的身份和職業(yè)特點,如多元的身份設(shè)定,"商業(yè)代言"凌駕于"公共話語代言",主持語言上的"弱智""幼稚化"。第三、本文探討了視頻網(wǎng)站節(jié)目主持人的發(fā)展未來,一方面,視頻網(wǎng)站節(jié)目的主持人在其職業(yè)專業(yè)性上稍有欠缺,但在其節(jié)目內(nèi)容中卻表現(xiàn)出很強的知識專業(yè)性,與節(jié)目內(nèi)容高度融合,對"節(jié)目主持人"專業(yè)性發(fā)展是積極且有益的。另一方面,由于視頻網(wǎng)站節(jié)目主持人相較于廣播、電視節(jié)目主持人來說,流動性強、節(jié)目設(shè)置的不固定性,因此筆者認(rèn)為視頻網(wǎng)站節(jié)目主持人身份難以依附并形成某一特定職業(yè)群體。
[Abstract]:Since 2011, video website homemade programs began to emerge, after three years of development, video website homemade programs gradually increased. At the same time, the hosts of homemade programs on major video sites are also beginning to be known, even surpassing the influence of TV hosts. For example, Dong Chengpeng, a grassroots host who relies on self-made programs on the Internet, has been named "the first host of the Internet." For example, the traditional media people switch to the network program host to form the group of "new cultural media people", such as from the "new intellectuals" with good cultural capital to the front desk of the network self-made programs. In the traditional TV programs, the work of the host is mainly based on the setting of the program, its own identity is set in the role of "host", and there is no more expression and presentation of independent consciousness. In the network self-made programs, the identity of the host is diversified, fuzzy, identity representation is increasing, and even the audience's cognition of the host's personal social identity exceeds the role setting of the host himself. At present, the study of human beings has changed from the study of "role" to the study of "identity". The study of "identity" provides a subjective stand for "role theory" and more thinking and reflection on subject consciousness. In addition, identity theory has certain advantages over role theory, and it has sensitivity to social change and cultural significance that role theory does not have. This paper focuses on the development of the role of the program host into the identity research, from the simple study of the role function of the program host itself to the introduction of the program host's research into a broader social and cultural context. In this paper, the self-made program hosts in the five most popular video websites in China are taken as the research object by using the methods of literature research, content analysis and interdisciplinary analysis. The identity of typical hosts is classified, and combined with cultural research, the identity characteristics of video hosts are analyzed by using the field theory of Bourdieu. Through the analysis, the main results of this paper are as follows: first, this paper divides the identity of hosts in video websites into five categories: grassroots origin, new cultural media, intellectuals, traditional TV hosts, stars and so on, and finds out the different reasons why their respective identities can act as self-made program hosts on video websites. Second, different from radio, television and other media environment, the video website full of "post-modernism" network culture presents the orientation of pan-entertainment and differentiation in program setting and content selection. Relying on this environment, the program host presents different identity and professional characteristics from radio, television and other media, such as pluralistic identity setting, "commercial endorsement" is above "public discourse endorsement", and hosts the "mentally retarded" and "childish" language. Thirdly, this paper discusses the development future of video website program host. On the one hand, the host of video website program is slightly deficient in his professional professionalism, but shows a strong knowledge professionalism in his program content, which is highly integrated with the program content, which is positive and beneficial to the professional development of "program host". On the other hand, because the video website program host is compared with the radio, the TV program host is strong, the program setting is not fixed, so the author thinks that the video website program host status is difficult to depend on and form a certain professional group.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G222.2
本文編號：2506935
[Abstract]:Since 2011, video website homemade programs began to emerge, after three years of development, video website homemade programs gradually increased. At the same time, the hosts of homemade programs on major video sites are also beginning to be known, even surpassing the influence of TV hosts. For example, Dong Chengpeng, a grassroots host who relies on self-made programs on the Internet, has been named "the first host of the Internet." For example, the traditional media people switch to the network program host to form the group of "new cultural media people", such as from the "new intellectuals" with good cultural capital to the front desk of the network self-made programs. In the traditional TV programs, the work of the host is mainly based on the setting of the program, its own identity is set in the role of "host", and there is no more expression and presentation of independent consciousness. In the network self-made programs, the identity of the host is diversified, fuzzy, identity representation is increasing, and even the audience's cognition of the host's personal social identity exceeds the role setting of the host himself. At present, the study of human beings has changed from the study of "role" to the study of "identity". The study of "identity" provides a subjective stand for "role theory" and more thinking and reflection on subject consciousness. In addition, identity theory has certain advantages over role theory, and it has sensitivity to social change and cultural significance that role theory does not have. This paper focuses on the development of the role of the program host into the identity research, from the simple study of the role function of the program host itself to the introduction of the program host's research into a broader social and cultural context. In this paper, the self-made program hosts in the five most popular video websites in China are taken as the research object by using the methods of literature research, content analysis and interdisciplinary analysis. The identity of typical hosts is classified, and combined with cultural research, the identity characteristics of video hosts are analyzed by using the field theory of Bourdieu. Through the analysis, the main results of this paper are as follows: first, this paper divides the identity of hosts in video websites into five categories: grassroots origin, new cultural media, intellectuals, traditional TV hosts, stars and so on, and finds out the different reasons why their respective identities can act as self-made program hosts on video websites. Second, different from radio, television and other media environment, the video website full of "post-modernism" network culture presents the orientation of pan-entertainment and differentiation in program setting and content selection. Relying on this environment, the program host presents different identity and professional characteristics from radio, television and other media, such as pluralistic identity setting, "commercial endorsement" is above "public discourse endorsement", and hosts the "mentally retarded" and "childish" language. Thirdly, this paper discusses the development future of video website program host. On the one hand, the host of video website program is slightly deficient in his professional professionalism, but shows a strong knowledge professionalism in his program content, which is highly integrated with the program content, which is positive and beneficial to the professional development of "program host". On the other hand, because the video website program host is compared with the radio, the TV program host is strong, the program setting is not fixed, so the author thinks that the video website program host status is difficult to depend on and form a certain professional group.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G222.2
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，本文編號：2506935
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