作為交際過程中時(shí)常發(fā)生的一種現(xiàn)象,誤解隨交際而生,能夠影響甚至在一定程度上決定交際活動(dòng)的走向。對(duì)于關(guān)鍵信息的誤解甚至可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致整個(gè)交際活動(dòng)的失敗。國(guó)內(nèi)外不少學(xué)者對(duì)誤解都有過研究,但大都止步于對(duì)誤解概念的界定或誤解現(xiàn)象的分類。雖然有一些研究涉及誤解的產(chǎn)生機(jī)制,但其中不少只是限于對(duì)誤解產(chǎn)生原因的羅列,很難形成系統(tǒng)的體系。 斯波博(Sperber)和威爾森(Wilson)等國(guó)外學(xué)者從認(rèn)知語(yǔ)用學(xué)角度利用關(guān)聯(lián)理論對(duì)誤解的產(chǎn)生進(jìn)行了分析,指出誤解產(chǎn)生于聽話人對(duì)話語(yǔ)不確定因素的錯(cuò)誤推理,而決定推理正確與否的關(guān)鍵則在于聽話人的認(rèn)知語(yǔ)境與說話人的認(rèn)知語(yǔ)境能否匹配。國(guó)內(nèi)學(xué)者近年來(lái)對(duì)誤解現(xiàn)象也開展了不少研究,其中以宗世海先生對(duì)于誤解產(chǎn)生機(jī)制的研究最為系統(tǒng)。他指出誤解產(chǎn)生的兩個(gè)根源:說話人的話語(yǔ)以及聽話人的心理;又進(jìn)一步對(duì)誤解產(chǎn)生的心理進(jìn)行了較為系統(tǒng)的總結(jié),指出了造成誤解的普通心理與社會(huì)心理。 本文的核心問題是探索誤解產(chǎn)生的心理認(rèn)知根源。作為一種涉及語(yǔ)言、社會(huì)文化以及個(gè)人心理等因素的復(fù)雜認(rèn)知活動(dòng),誤解不僅僅會(huì)在語(yǔ)言層面上發(fā)生,交際語(yǔ)境的不確定性以及聽話人自身心理狀態(tài)對(duì)于誤解的產(chǎn)生至關(guān)重要。本文將誤解看作一種對(duì)...

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【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
內(nèi)容提要
Synopsis
Introduction
Chapter One Literature Review
    1.1 Definition of Misunderstanding
        1.1.1 Misunderstanding in Verbal Communication
        1.1.2 Previous Definitions of Misunderstanding
        1.1.3 Misunderstanding Defined in This Study
    1.2 Classification of Misunderstanding
        1.2.1 The Standard of Understanding Result
        1.2.2 The Standard of Meaning
        1.2.3 The Standard of Diagnosis and Treatment
    1.3 Different Approaches to the Study of Misunderstanding
        1.3.1 Philosophical Approach
        1.3.2 Pragmatic Approach
        1.3.3 Cognitive Approach
        1.3.4 Psychological Approach
        1.3.5 A Critical Summary
Chapter Two Theoretical Foundation and Methodology
    2.1 Relevance and Understanding
        2.1.1 Communication as an Ostensive-inferential Proce
        2.1.2 Relevance as the Principle of Cognition and Communication
        2.1.3 Cognitive Context and Misunderstanding
    2.2 Zong’s Psychological Study on Misunderstanding Generati
    2.3 Methodology
        2.3.1 Research Hypotheses
        2.3.2 Research Procedure
        2.3.3 Data Collection
Chapter Three An Analysis of Misunderstanding from Psycho-cognitive Perspective
    3.1 A Psycho-cognitive Model of Utterance Understanding
    3.2 The Generative Mechanism of Misunderstanding
        3.2.1 A Psycho-cognitive Account of Verbal Misunderstanding
        3.2.2 The Mechanism of Misunderstanding Generation
    3.3 A Psycho-cognitive Analysis of Verbal Misunderstanding
        3.3.1 Misunderstanding at the Linguistic Level
        3.3.2 Misunderstanding at the Cognitive Contextual Leve
        3.3.3 Misunderstanding at the Psychological Level
    3.4 Summary
Chapter Four Misunderstanding and Verbal Communication
    4.1 Consequences of Misunderstanding in Communication
    4.2 Misunderstanding Management
Conclusion
References
Acknowledgements
摘要
Abstract
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