發(fā)布時(shí)間：2021-04-23 23:57

　　當(dāng)一個(gè)人說(shuō)一句話時(shí),他傾向于先“宣布”一個(gè)“話題”,然后對(duì)其進(jìn)行“說(shuō)明”,這樣,“話題-說(shuō)明”作為一種相對(duì)松散的結(jié)構(gòu)普遍存在于人類的語(yǔ)言中。而學(xué)會(huì)使用一門(mén)語(yǔ)言,簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō),是會(huì)用一個(gè)個(gè)句子,或一群句子來(lái)表達(dá)相應(yīng)的意思;在這個(gè)過(guò)程中,一個(gè)個(gè)“話題”的選取是言語(yǔ)表達(dá)的首要任務(wù),在一定的語(yǔ)篇中,話題的推進(jìn)也是語(yǔ)篇組織的一個(gè)重要方面。因此,對(duì)“話題-說(shuō)明”結(jié)構(gòu)的研究具有重要的理論意義及現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。在國(guó)際語(yǔ)法界,由于長(zhǎng)期受西方形式語(yǔ)法思維的影響,“話題-說(shuō)明”現(xiàn)象一直沒(méi)有得到重視;直到20世紀(jì),隨著漢語(yǔ)在國(guó)際語(yǔ)言學(xué)界引起矚目,“話題-說(shuō)明”現(xiàn)象才逐漸得到重視。美國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)家霍凱特（1958）正式提出了“話題”“說(shuō)明”的概念,趙元任（1968）系統(tǒng)地研究了漢語(yǔ)中的“話題-說(shuō)明”結(jié)構(gòu)。隨后對(duì)“話題-說(shuō)明”結(jié)構(gòu)的研究熱極一時(shí),李訥和湯姆遜（1976）更是把一種語(yǔ)言中“話題”的突出與否提到了區(qū)別語(yǔ)言類型的高度。然而,自后,對(duì)“話題-說(shuō)明”結(jié)構(gòu)的研究陷入了爭(zhēng)論的泥潭,而其本應(yīng)有的現(xiàn)實(shí)價(jià)值在爭(zhēng)論中被削弱�！霸掝}-說(shuō)明”結(jié)構(gòu)在語(yǔ)言學(xué)中是一個(gè)熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題,幾乎被每一位重要的語(yǔ)言學(xué)家和語(yǔ)法學(xué)家提及,然而對(duì)“話題-說(shuō)明”結(jié)構(gòu)... 

【文章來(lái)源】：西北師范大學(xué)甘肅省

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：74 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
Abstract
摘要
List of Tables
List of Abbreviations
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Research Background
    1.2 Aim and Significance
    1.3 Research Rationale
    1.4 Research Questions
    1.5 The Structure of the Thesis
Chapter 2 Research Methods and Procedures
    2.1 Research Methods
    2.2 Data Collection and Analysis
    2.3 Research Procedures
Chapter 3 Literature Review and Analysis
    3.1 A Historical Overview of TC Theory
        3.1.1 “Qici”（起詞） and “Yuci” （語(yǔ)詞） in Mashi Wentong （《馬氏文通》）
        3.1.2 Edward Sapir’s Thinking Relevant to TC
        3.1.3 “Biaoyu” （標(biāo)語(yǔ)） and “Shuomingyu”（說(shuō)明語(yǔ)）
        3.1.4 Hockett’s Contribution to Linguistic on the Issue of TC
        3.1.5 Chao Yuanren and TC in Chinese
    3.2 “Topic” in Narrow Sense and Its Entanglements with “Subject”
        3.2.1 Topic-prominence vs. Subject-prominence
        3.2.2 Objections to Charles N. Li and Sandra A. Thompson’s Theory
        3.2.3 The Theory of “Three planes” and “the Plane Topic belongs to”
        3.2.4 A Comment on the Entanglement between “Subject” and “Topic”
    3.3 The Research Literature Specific to Topic
        3.3.1 Studies Abroad
        3.3.2 Domestic Studies
    3.4 Critiques on the TC Researches
Chapter 4 Theoretical Foundation and Discussion
    4.1 The Property and Classification of “Comment”
    4.2 A Description of “Subject” from the Perspective of TC
    4.3 Some Definitions to “Topic” and the Critiques on the Definitions
        4.3.1 Shi Dingxu’s （2000） Definition
        4.3.2 Chafe’s （1976） Definition
        4.3.3 Shen Jiaxuan’s （1999） “Feature Bundle” of Topic:
    4.4 The Nature of TC
    4.5 The Syntactic Mechanism of TC
    4.6 Classification of TC
        4.6.1 Marked TC vs. Unmarked TC
        4.6.2 Syntactic Topic vs. Discourse Topic
        4.6.3 The thematic roles as topic
    4.7 Summary
Chapter 5 The Function Patterns and Distributions of TCs in English and Chinese
    5.1 TCs in Isolated Sentences in English and Chinese
        5.1.1 TCs in English and Chinese
        5.1.2 The TC in English which cannot be found in Chinese
        5.1.3 Some TCs in Chinese which cannot be found in English
        5.1.4 The Distributions of the TCs in English and Chinese
    5.2 TCs in Discourse in English and Chinese
        5.2.1 Global Topic, Local Topic and Previous Topic in English and Chinese Discourse
        5.2.2 Topic-chain and Pan-topic-chain
    5.3 Discussion on the Function Patterns and Distributions of TCs in English and Chinese
    5.4 Summary
Chapter 6 Conclusion and Implications
    6.1 A General Conclusion
    6.2 Theoretical Implications
    6.3 Implications for the Foreign Language Teaching and Cross-Language Translation
    6.4 Concluding Remarks
        6.4.1 Limitations of Present Study
        6.4.2 Suggestions for Further Study
Bibliography
Appendix: Text Data for Frequency Statistics of TCs in English and Chinese
Acknowledgements



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