發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-25 20:03

【摘要】：信息時(shí)代,流行語正日益彰顯出它強(qiáng)大的滲透力和影響力,越來越多的人傾向于使用流行語。不論人們是否意識(shí)到,流行語已然影響到大家的說話方式。流行語已經(jīng)成為人們工作和生活中不可或缺的組成部分,它的出現(xiàn)既為人們的生活增添光彩,同時(shí)又豐富了語言系統(tǒng)。流行語通過相互模仿而得以傳播的這一特點(diǎn)決定了其本質(zhì)上就是一種語言模因現(xiàn)象。在其生成、傳播和退化的過程中,需要不斷地順應(yīng)各種因素。作為社會(huì)文化的重要表現(xiàn)形式和基本載體,流行語不僅受到了大眾的追捧,而且也得到了越來越多主流媒體和專業(yè)語言研究者的關(guān)注。但大多數(shù)研究都將重點(diǎn)放在流行語的收集、界定、特征和流行條件等方面,對(duì)流行語傳播和退化的研究相對(duì)較少,尤其是在語用學(xué)領(lǐng)域。有鑒于此,本研究嘗試從語用學(xué)角度,以Verschueren的語言順應(yīng)理論為框架,對(duì)流行語模因進(jìn)行探討。本研究以語言順應(yīng)論為理論基礎(chǔ),主要采用定性研究和定量研究相結(jié)合的方法,對(duì)2006-2015年國家語言資源監(jiān)測(cè)和研究中心和《咬文嚼字》雜志發(fā)布的"年度十大流行語"(共計(jì)180個(gè)流行語)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)分析,并結(jié)合流行語歷時(shí)流通度曲線圖,探究流行語模因生成、傳播和退化過程中的順應(yīng)現(xiàn)象。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),流行語作為一種強(qiáng)勢(shì)語言模因現(xiàn)象,其生成和退化需要順應(yīng)流行語使用者的心理世界、社交世界以及物理世界中的各種因素,流行語模因的傳播既要順應(yīng)交際語境,如模因宿主的能動(dòng)性,也要順應(yīng)模因載體在結(jié)構(gòu)、語義以及語用等方面的特性。流行語模因的產(chǎn)生取決于語言使用者,即模因宿主對(duì)潛在流行語模因的選擇。這一過程中的順應(yīng)因素主要涉及模因宿主的心理因素,如省力心理、表達(dá)心里和求新心理;社交世界中的因素,如社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、文化以及科技等方面的發(fā)展;物理世界中的時(shí)間和空間因素,如社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間和交際空間的轉(zhuǎn)變。流行語模因的傳播需要經(jīng)歷四個(gè)階段,即同化,記憶、傳播和表達(dá)。成功的傳播需要順應(yīng)這四個(gè)階段中的各種因素,主要?dú)w納為三類:流行語模因自身的特征;模因宿主的能動(dòng)性;社會(huì)語境的變化。流行語模因的退化,意味著流行語由強(qiáng)勢(shì)語言模因轉(zhuǎn)變成了弱勢(shì)語言模因,主要表現(xiàn)為保真度降低、復(fù)制率下降、傳播范圍縮小等特征。退化過程中流行語需要順應(yīng)的因素包括模因宿主的審美疲勞心理、流行語的社會(huì)價(jià)值以及語言模因自身的發(fā)展規(guī)律。
[Abstract]:In the information age, popular words are increasingly showing its strong penetration and influence, and more people tend to use them. Whether people realize it or not, buzzwords have influenced the way people speak. Buzzword has become an indispensable part of people's work and life. Its appearance not only adds luster to people's life, but also enriches the language system. The fact that popular words are transmitted by imitating each other determines that they are essentially a linguistic meme phenomenon. In the process of its generation, propagation and degradation, it is necessary to constantly adapt to various factors. As an important manifestation and basic carrier of social culture, popular words not only get popular attention, but also get more and more attention from mainstream media and professional language researchers. However, most of the studies focus on the collection, definition, characteristics and popular conditions of popular words, and relatively few studies on the dissemination and degradation of popular words, especially in the field of pragmatics. In view of this, this study attempts to explore the popular memes in the framework of Verschueren's linguistic adaptation theory from the perspective of pragmatics. This study is based on the theory of linguistic adaptation, and mainly adopts the method of combining qualitative and quantitative research. Based on the systematic analysis of the Top Ten popular words of the year (a total of 180 words) published by the National Center for Monitoring and Research of language Resources and the Journal of "chewing words" in 2006-2015, and combined with the chart of the diachronic circulation of popular words, To explore the adaptation in the process of formation, transmission and degradation of popular memes. It is found that, as a powerful linguistic meme phenomenon, the formation and degradation of the catchphrase need to adapt to the psychological, social and physical factors of the user, and the spread of the catchphrase meme should not only adapt to the communicative context, but also adapt to the communicative context. For example, the motivation of meme host should be adapted to the structure, semantics and pragmatics of meme carriers. The generation of catchword memes depends on the selection of potential catchword memes by the language user, that is, the meme host. The adaptation factors in this process are mainly related to the psychological factors of the meme host, such as labor-saving psychology, expression and new psychology, factors in the social world, such as socio-economic, political, cultural, scientific and technological development, etc. The temporal and spatial factors in the physical world, such as the change of time and space in which social hot spots occur. The spread of popular memes needs to go through four stages, namely assimilation, memory, transmission and expression. Successful communication needs to adapt to the various factors in these four stages, which are mainly classified into three categories: the characteristics of the popular meme itself; the initiative of the meme host; and the change of the social context. The degradation of catchword memes means that catchwords have changed from strong linguistic memes to weak linguistic memes, which are mainly characterized by lower fidelity, lower reproduction rate and smaller spread range. The factors that need to adapt in the process of degradation include aesthetic fatigue psychology of memes host, social value of popular words and development law of language memes themselves.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H136

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