【摘要】：在現(xiàn)代漢語中,“X過”存在三種不同的狀態(tài),一種是跨層狀態(tài),一種是詞的狀態(tài),還有一種是短語的狀態(tài),本文根據(jù)這三種狀態(tài)并考慮到現(xiàn)今的計(jì)算機(jī)分詞以及對外漢語教學(xué)和詞典的編撰提出了“共時(shí)詞匯狀態(tài)”,并對其進(jìn)行了相關(guān)的定義。由此展開了對“X過”的狀態(tài)的考察。第一章是緒論。主要是介紹了選題的主要意義,國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀、理論的運(yùn)用和可能的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)以及困難。第二章是“X過”的考察及語料的篩選。首先對“過”進(jìn)行了一個(gè)簡單的介紹�！斑^”在現(xiàn)代漢語中有著豐富的詞性和意義,對產(chǎn)生不同的“X過”有著重要的影響。其次是進(jìn)行語料的篩選。在進(jìn)行語料篩選的時(shí)候,首先是對“X過”的語料進(jìn)行了詳盡的考察分析,在不同的詞典里對可能潛在的研究對象進(jìn)行了觀察,然后再對這些潛在的研究對象進(jìn)行了對比研究,分析其可能存在的共時(shí)的詞匯狀態(tài),排除在共時(shí)層面中不存在不同狀態(tài)的情況以及前人已經(jīng)研究過的情況,我們最終確定了本文的研究對象是“不過”、“別過”和“太過”。第三章到第五章是個(gè)案考察。我們通過對語料的觀察發(fā)現(xiàn),這三個(gè)“X過”分別有著三種不同的狀態(tài)。第一種是跨層狀態(tài),在每一章的開頭部分,我們都首先考察這個(gè)狀態(tài),并對“X過”成為跨層狀態(tài)的條件進(jìn)行簡要的概括。其次是詞的狀態(tài),“不過”可以是副詞或者連詞,“別過”可以是動(dòng)詞,“太過”可以是副詞。最后再討論短語的狀態(tài)。在分析詞的狀態(tài)和短語的狀態(tài)的時(shí)候,我們從語義特點(diǎn)、前后項(xiàng)成分和句法功能這三點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析比較,以期能找出確定“X過”是否成詞的條件。第六章是結(jié)語。本章內(nèi)容會(huì)對“不過”、“別過”和“太過”進(jìn)行綜合性的總結(jié),試圖從中得出相應(yīng)的規(guī)律并且闡述了研究中存在著的困難和不足。
[Abstract]:In modern Chinese, "X-pass" has three different states, one is cross-layer state, one is the state of word, the other is the state of phrase. According to these three states and taking into account the present computer word segmentation and the compilation of Chinese as a foreign language teaching and dictionary, this paper puts forward the "synchronic lexical state", and gives the relevant definitions of the "synchronic lexical state". Therefore, the investigation of the state of "X-pass" has been carried out. The first chapter is the introduction. This paper mainly introduces the main significance of the topic, the research status at home and abroad, the application of the theory, the possible innovation and difficulties. The second chapter is the investigation of "X-pass" and the selection of corpus. First of all, "over" a simple introduction. Guo has a rich part of speech and meaning in modern Chinese, which has an important influence on different X-pass. The second is the selection of the corpus. In the process of data selection, the author first makes a detailed investigation and analysis of the "X-pass" corpus, observes the possible potential research objects in different dictionaries, and then makes a comparative study of these potential research objects. By analyzing the possible synchronic lexical states, excluding the absence of different states at the synchronic level and the cases that have been studied by predecessors, we have finally determined that the objects of this study are "however", "not too much" and "too much". The third chapter to the fifth chapter is a case study. Through the observation of the corpus, we find that the three X-pass have three different states. The first is the cross-layer state. At the beginning of each chapter, we first examine this state and briefly summarize the condition that "X-pass" becomes a cross-layer state. The second is the state of the word, "but" can be an adverb or conjunction, "goodbye" can be a verb, "too much" can be an adverb. Finally, we discuss the state of the phrase. When analyzing the state of the word and the state of the phrase, we analyze and compare the semantic characteristics, the antecedents and the syntactic functions, in order to find out the conditions for determining whether "X-crossing" is a word or not. Chapter VI is the conclusion. This chapter will make a comprehensive summary of "however", "don't overdo" and "too", try to get the corresponding rules from it, and explain the difficulties and shortcomings in the research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H146

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