發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-09 14:17

【摘要】：本文探討了乾隆三十八年刊行的滿漢對(duì)音辭書(shū)《欽定清漢對(duì)音字式》中注音漢字下“平聲讀”和“入聲讀”的性質(zhì)。在查閱多種文獻(xiàn),及對(duì)文本十二字頭所列的663條單清字進(jìn)行詳細(xì)歸類整理、對(duì)近1300個(gè)注音漢字聲調(diào)歷史性考察的基礎(chǔ)上,多角度地探討了對(duì)音漢字下“平聲讀”、“入聲讀”的特殊意義,并討論了相關(guān)滿漢對(duì)音資料《圓音正考·烏扎拉文通序》中提到的“入聲字”的含義,并將此與漢語(yǔ)入聲的性質(zhì)進(jìn)行比較。文中首先對(duì)《欽定清漢對(duì)音字式》的內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)介,并對(duì)部分學(xué)者將該書(shū)中的“平聲讀”“入聲讀”的標(biāo)注等同于漢語(yǔ)平聲、入聲的觀點(diǎn)提出質(zhì)疑。第二部分對(duì)該文獻(xiàn)中標(biāo)注“入聲讀”的詞條進(jìn)行歸類分析,從其分布規(guī)律出發(fā),找尋其在滿文音節(jié)上的特點(diǎn),以及其與注音漢字入聲韻、入聲調(diào)之間的關(guān)系,多方面分析“入聲讀”不同于漢語(yǔ)入聲,有其特殊的含義。第三部分通過(guò)將標(biāo)注“平聲讀”的對(duì)音漢字的聲調(diào)與不含第六元音且沒(méi)有標(biāo)注的注音漢字的聲調(diào)進(jìn)行比較分析,并參考文獻(xiàn)《同文韻統(tǒng)》,指出在該書(shū)中的“平聲讀”的性質(zhì)可能與漢語(yǔ)中的平聲調(diào)的性質(zhì)是相同的,但是標(biāo)注的“平聲讀”不是注音漢字的聲調(diào)。第四部分主要通過(guò)《清語(yǔ)易言》中對(duì)滿文音韻輕重的分布規(guī)律與《欽定清漢對(duì)音字式》中“平聲讀”、“入聲讀”的分布規(guī)律進(jìn)行比較分析,對(duì)該書(shū)中標(biāo)出“輕讀”、“重讀”的部分滿文字條的分析,得出“平聲讀”、“入聲讀”的標(biāo)注不是區(qū)分滿文音韻輕重的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。最后部分主要分析了相關(guān)的《圓音正考·烏扎拉文通序》中“入聲字”的含義,通過(guò)對(duì)序言的解讀,將這里的“入聲字”與“入聲讀”進(jìn)行比較分析,認(rèn)為這里的“入聲字”與漢語(yǔ)入聲性質(zhì)一致,不同于“入聲讀”的特殊性質(zhì)。
[Abstract]:This paper probes into the nature of "flat sound reading" and "entering sound reading" under Chinese phonetic characters in Manchu and Han phonetic dictionaries published by Qianlong in 38 years. On the basis of consulting many kinds of documents, classifying 663 single and clear characters listed at the beginning of twelve characters in the text, and investigating the tone of nearly 1300 phonetic Chinese characters, this paper probes into the "flat tone reading" under the phonetic Chinese characters from many angles. This paper discusses the special meaning of "entering sound reading", and discusses the meaning of "entering sound characters" mentioned in the relevant Manchu and Han phonetic data < Round-Pronunciation preface of Wzzaratong, and compares it with the nature of Chinese entering sound. This paper first introduces the content structure of Qinding Qing and Han phonetic style, and questions the viewpoint that some scholars equate the tagging of "flat tone reading" and "entering sound reading" with that in Chinese. In the second part, we classify and analyze the entries in the literature, and find out their characteristics in the Manchu syllable, and the relationship between them and the phonetic characters' rhyme and tone. Different from Chinese, it has its special meaning. In the third part, the tone of the phonetic Chinese character marked "flat sound reading" is compared with that of the phonetic Chinese character without the sixth vowel and without the tagging, and the reference is "the same vowel system". It is pointed out that the nature of "flat tone reading" in this book may be the same as that of Chinese phonetic tone, but the marked "flat tone reading" is not the tone of phonetic Chinese characters. The fourth part mainly through the "Qing language change words" in the Manchu phonology weight distribution law and "Qin Ding Qing Han to the phonetic character type" in "flat sound reading", "enters the sound reading" the distribution rule carries on the comparative analysis, to the book won the bid "light reading". Based on the analysis of some full text bars in stress reading, it is concluded that the marking of "flat tone reading" and "entering sound reading" is not the standard to distinguish the phonology of Manchu. The last part mainly analyzes the meaning of "entering words" in the preface of "Round-phonetic Zhengkao 路Uzaratong", and through the interpretation of the preface, compares the "Interphonic words" with the "Interphonic Reading". It is believed that the character of entering sound is consistent with that of Chinese, which is different from the special character of entering sound reading.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H114

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