【摘要】：語境是在語言使用的一個關(guān)鍵因素。它是一個表達(dá)還是在理解,它都占有至關(guān)重要的地位。因為語言是交流的語言,語言表達(dá)是語境而定,語言理解也是不能忽視語境。它已成為了現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)的一個領(lǐng)域。語境是是一個非常復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng),有人際交往就有語境,有多少交際的領(lǐng)域,就有多少實用的語境。各種專業(yè)有不同的專業(yè)語境,如從事法律有法律語境,經(jīng)營商業(yè)有商業(yè)語境,公務(wù)活動有公務(wù)語境等等。語境的功能可以概括如下:如果從不同的角度分析,將能夠分析更多的功能。這個概括為理解方面有解釋的功能,表達(dá)方面有隱式表達(dá)和創(chuàng)作功能等。語境與翻譯是息息相關(guān)。語境與翻譯是多元文化背景下進(jìn)行的,翻譯研究涉及面很廣,涉及的問題也很多,哈薩克語和漢語語境中我們應(yīng)該認(rèn)識目的語和目的語文化,而進(jìn)行翻譯。本文的主要研究對象是漢語禁忌詞的哈薩克語翻譯。漢語禁詞是漢民族自古至今崇敬自然力量,或因為迷信觀念而采取的負(fù)面措施中而來的詞。禁忌詞從人們?nèi)粘趧由a(chǎn)和生活中的禁忌導(dǎo)致而產(chǎn)生的。漢語禁忌詞是一個民族禁忌觀念的反映,同時也是社會文化的鏡像。它不僅蘊(yùn)含著富厚的文化意蘊(yùn),其使用也是一門藝術(shù)。而能把漢語禁忌詞在不同語境中準(zhǔn)確地翻譯成哈薩克語更是一種藝術(shù)。這種獨特的語言的合理使用,有利于促進(jìn)人際和諧,繼而更順利地進(jìn)展各項社會工作。本論文共分為三章。首先從語境概念入手,對漢哈禁忌詞文化的產(chǎn)生,功能,運用等進(jìn)行研究和互相對比,探討了怎樣將不同語境中將漢語禁忌詞翻譯成哈薩克語,并對翻譯方法等進(jìn)行研究。本文運用的翻譯方法是五種。將漢語禁忌詞翻譯成哈薩克語,其翻譯方法有直譯,意譯,相對置換法,替換法,轉(zhuǎn)換法等五種方法。最后面漢哈禁忌詞在不同語境翻譯中存在的問題及解決的對策等方面進(jìn)行探討。目前,對漢語禁忌詞的哈薩克語翻譯,尤其是在不同語境中對漢哈禁忌詞的翻譯研究為極少,需要我們翻譯學(xué)習(xí)者進(jìn)一步研究和完善其不足之處。本論文的主要任務(wù)是在不同語境中漢哈禁忌詞翻譯方法方面開展論述,研究其翻譯方法,并進(jìn)行一個全面的總結(jié)。希望本文的研究能夠為漢語和哈薩克語提供一些語言幫助,能對語言學(xué)習(xí)者和從事漢哈翻譯愛好者和從事漢哈翻譯工作者帶來一定的幫助。
[Abstract]:Context is a key factor in language use. Whether it is an expression or an understanding, it plays a vital role. Because language is the language of communication, language expression is context, language understanding can not ignore context. It has become a field of modern linguistics. Context is a very complicated system. Various specialties have different professional contexts, such as legal context for law, business context for business, official context for official activities, and so on. The function of context can be summarized as follows: if analyzed from different angles, it will be able to analyze more functions. In general, it has the function of explanation in understanding, implicit expression and creative function in expression. Context is closely related to translation. Context and translation are carried out in a multicultural context. Translation studies involve a wide range of issues. In Kazakh and Chinese contexts, we should understand the target language and target language culture and translate them. The main object of this thesis is the Kazakh translation of Chinese taboo words. Chinese proscription is a kind of Chinese word that worships the natural force from ancient times, or takes negative measures because of superstition. Taboo words arise from taboos in people's daily labor production and life. Chinese taboo words are the reflection of a national taboo concept and the mirror image of social culture. It not only contains rich cultural implications, its use is also an art. It is also an art to translate Chinese taboo words into Kazakh accurately in different contexts. The rational use of this unique language is conducive to the promotion of interpersonal harmony and the smooth progress of social work. This thesis is divided into three chapters. Starting with the concept of context, this paper studies and contrasts the production, function and application of the Chinese and Kazakh taboo words, probes into how to translate Chinese taboo words into Kazakh in different contexts, and studies the translation methods. There are five translation methods used in this paper. The methods of translating Chinese taboo words into Kazakh include literal translation, free translation, relative replacement method, replacement method and conversion method. This paper discusses the problems existing in the translation of Chinese and Kazakh taboo words in different contexts and the countermeasures to solve them. At present, the Kazakh translation of Chinese taboo words, especially in different contexts, is rarely studied, which requires us to further study and improve their shortcomings. The main task of this thesis is to discuss the translation methods of Chinese and Kazakh taboo words in different contexts, to study their translation methods, and to make a comprehensive summary. It is hoped that the present study can provide some language assistance for Chinese and Kazakh language learners, Chinese and Kazakh translation enthusiasts and Chinese and Kazakh translators.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：伊犁師范學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H236

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