【摘要】：言語幽默是日常生活中常見的語言現(xiàn)象,在人際交往中發(fā)揮著重要作用。恰到好處的言語幽默不僅可以使人發(fā)笑,而且還能傳遞言語信息和交際意圖。作為一種極具魅力的語言現(xiàn)象,言語幽默被廣泛應(yīng)用于喜劇小品的創(chuàng)作中。其中國內(nèi)開心麻花小品更是以平實(shí)質(zhì)樸、詼諧風(fēng)趣的藝術(shù)語言贏得廣大觀眾的青睞,究其成功原因離不開小品臺詞中幽默言語的表達(dá)。關(guān)于言語幽默,學(xué)者們從語義、語用、認(rèn)知等多角度進(jìn)行了研究,但幽默言語的交際順應(yīng)過程有待更深入的研究。維索爾倫的順應(yīng)理論堅(jiān)持語用綜觀視角,強(qiáng)調(diào)從認(rèn)知、社會、文化角度綜合地觀察語言的使用現(xiàn)象,因此順應(yīng)理論可以為闡釋言語幽默現(xiàn)象提供新思路。本研究以開心麻花團(tuán)隊(duì)2012-2015年于各地衛(wèi)視春晚表演的十篇小品為研究語料,以語用學(xué)的順應(yīng)論為理論框架,分析幽默言語的交際順應(yīng)過程,具體而言,本論文嘗試解決兩個(gè)問題:(1)開心麻花小品在語言結(jié)構(gòu)上使用了哪些言語策略來實(shí)現(xiàn)幽默的順應(yīng)?(2)開心麻花小品中的幽默言語如何順應(yīng)交際語境?本研究運(yùn)用順應(yīng)理論的結(jié)構(gòu)客體順應(yīng)和交際語境順應(yīng),結(jié)合實(shí)例探討小品中的語言結(jié)構(gòu)以及交際語境順應(yīng)性過程,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)小品中言語幽默的產(chǎn)生與理解是一個(gè)動態(tài)的順應(yīng)過程。具體研究發(fā)現(xiàn)如下:(1)開心麻花小品的語言結(jié)構(gòu)在語音、詞匯和句法層面均體現(xiàn)了幽默順應(yīng)策略。在語音層面小品運(yùn)用東北方言音調(diào)、諧音、語音停頓及押韻手段;在詞匯層面小品運(yùn)用非常規(guī)拆分合并,詞語套用以及詞語意義歧解等策略;在句法層面小品運(yùn)用語序顛倒、句式仿擬、句式重復(fù)及否定結(jié)構(gòu)歧解等策略,這些言語策略的選擇都促成了小品中言語幽默的成功表達(dá)。(2)言語幽默通過順應(yīng)交際語境獲得幽默效果。在交際語境上,開心麻花小品的幽默言語順應(yīng)物理世界的時(shí)空概念;順應(yīng)聽眾的認(rèn)知心理及情感需求;順應(yīng)社交世界的社會價(jià)值取向、大眾文化及社會生活方式等因素。本研究拓展了順應(yīng)理論應(yīng)用研究領(lǐng)域,也為言語幽默的研究提供了新的視角,在一定程度上為文藝工作者提供了指導(dǎo)性建議,以期創(chuàng)作出更多更好的喜劇小品。
[Abstract]:Verbal humor is a common language phenomenon in daily life and plays an important role in interpersonal communication. Proper verbal humor can not only make people laugh, but also convey verbal information and communication intention. As a very attractive language phenomenon, verbal humor is widely used in comedy writing. One of the domestic happy jatropha sketch is simple, humorous artistic language won the favor of the majority of the audience, the reason for its success can not be separated from the expression of humorous speech. Scholars have studied verbal humor from semantic, pragmatic and cognitive perspectives, but the communicative adaptation process of humorous speech needs to be further studied. Versolren's adaptation theory adheres to the pragmatic perspective and emphasizes the comprehensive observation of language use from the cognitive, social and cultural perspectives. Therefore, adaptation theory can provide a new way to explain the phenomenon of verbal humor. In this study, ten essays performed by Jaimanmahua team in Spring Festival Gala from 2012 to 2015 were used as the research corpus, and the pragmatic adaptation theory was used as the theoretical framework to analyze the communicative adaptation process of humorous speech. This thesis attempts to solve two problems: (1) what speech strategies have been used to achieve humor adaptation in the language structure of Happy Sparrow essay? (2) how does the humorous speech in Happy Sparrow essay adapt to the communicative context? This study uses the structural object adaptation and communicative contextual adaptation of adaptation theory to explore the linguistic structure and the process of communicative contextual adaptation. We find that the generation and understanding of verbal humor is a dynamic process of adaptation. The specific findings are as follows: (1) the linguistic structure of the happy jatropha essay embodies humor adaptation strategies at the phonological, lexical and syntactic levels. At the phonetic level, the essay uses the means of tone, homophony, phonetic pause and rhyme in the northeast dialect, and the unconventional split and merge in the lexical level, the application of words and expressions, and the disambiguation of the meaning of the words and so on. At the syntactic level, the strategies of inverted word order, parody of sentence pattern, repetition of sentence pattern and disambiguation of negative structure are used. These choices of speech strategies all contribute to the successful expression of verbal humor in the sketch. (2) verbal humor achieves humorous effects by adapting to the communicative context. In the context of communication, the humorous speech of happy jassuhua adapts to the space-time concept of the physical world, to the cognitive psychology and emotional needs of the audience, to the social value orientation of the social world, to the mass culture and the social way of life, and so on. This study not only expands the field of application of adaptation theory, but also provides a new perspective for the study of verbal humor, and to some extent provides guiding suggestions for writers and artists in order to create more and better comic sketches.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H136

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