【摘要】：藏語衛(wèi)藏方言中有前藏話和后藏話之分,本論文所研究的西藏自治區(qū)浪卡子縣雜塘村地處前藏與后藏之間,其土語與衛(wèi)藏其他地方尤其是前藏話之間略有差別。從行政區(qū)劃來看,雜塘村行政區(qū)劃雖屬前藏山南市,但由于其位于浪卡子縣西部,西與日喀則市仁布縣相鄰,雜塘土語與后藏仁布、江孜、日喀則等后藏話較為接近,而與以拉薩和山南話為主的前藏話之間在語音上存在一定的差異。因此,無論從社會學(xué),還是語言學(xué)本身來說,浪卡子縣境內(nèi)雜塘村的土語作為研究對象具有很大的研究空間和研究價值。雜塘土語屬于衛(wèi)藏方言中的一種土語,其語音形態(tài)和詞匯等與衛(wèi)藏方言的其他土語有一定的共性,與此同時,在具體的音變模式、發(fā)展趨勢和語音系統(tǒng)方面存在一定的差異。本論文主要運用田野調(diào)查的方法,深入實地到雜塘村進(jìn)行調(diào)查訪談、收集詞匯。從音系學(xué)、音位學(xué)的角度對雜塘村土語的語音系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了全面的整理、歸納;通過語音學(xué)方法,描寫雜塘土語的語音特征、語言演變規(guī)律;并通過比較法,將雜塘土語與拉薩、山南澤當(dāng)、日喀則、噶爾等話進(jìn)行比較,解析雜塘土語特征;以藏文傳統(tǒng)文法權(quán)威論著《三十頌》、《司徒文法廣釋》等經(jīng)典文獻(xiàn)為主要依據(jù),引用土語例句與書面語句進(jìn)行比較,剖析雜塘土語里語法的使用現(xiàn)狀,對雜塘土語語法特征進(jìn)行論述。本論文由六個部分組成,在緒論中,主要闡述了本人選擇浪卡子縣雜塘村土語研究的選題目的和意義,以及研究現(xiàn)狀與研究方法。第一章簡要介紹浪卡子縣雜塘村和雜塘村土語。第一節(jié)出于影響土語變化因素的考慮,從浪卡子縣和雜塘村的名字由來、地域、行政區(qū)劃歷史到水域、氣候、交通、服飾方面進(jìn)行了簡要概述為更全面、更深入、更細(xì)致地了解和描寫雜塘土語奠定基礎(chǔ)。第二節(jié)里為了更進(jìn)一步地了解雜塘土語的使用現(xiàn)狀,結(jié)合語言學(xué)理論對本文里所指的土語進(jìn)行界定;另外了解雜塘土語是否受到藏語以外的其他外語的影響,對雜塘土語使用的人口和掌握第二種語言的程度進(jìn)行簡要的描述。第三節(jié)里概括性地介紹了雜塘土語的語音、詞匯、語法等特征,結(jié)合目前國內(nèi)外語言學(xué)界對藏語方言的分類法,明確雜塘土語歸屬衛(wèi)藏方言的前藏話還是后藏話。第二章里描寫了雜塘土語的語音特征。第一節(jié)里通過單元音、長元音、復(fù)合元音、輔音韻尾來歸納和整理雜塘土語的元音音位系統(tǒng)及元音特點;第二節(jié)里結(jié)合土語例子,確定和總結(jié)土語的輔音音位系統(tǒng),描述輔音特點。第三節(jié)里描寫雜塘土語的聲調(diào)和音節(jié)結(jié)構(gòu),歸納土語聲調(diào)的調(diào)類和調(diào)值以及聲調(diào)和元音、輔音的配合關(guān)系,描寫土語里的音節(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)。第四節(jié)里主要描寫了元音、輔音、聲調(diào)的變化以及總結(jié)演變規(guī)律。第三章里描寫雜塘土語的詞匯特征。第一節(jié)從屬性、音節(jié)數(shù)量、構(gòu)詞方式、表達(dá)意義、近音詞、借詞這六個方面對土語詞匯進(jìn)行比較細(xì)致的分類;第二節(jié)里從單純詞、復(fù)合詞的構(gòu)詞方式、疊音詞的類型和結(jié)構(gòu)來描述構(gòu)詞方式;第三節(jié)里從名詞、形容詞、代詞、數(shù)量詞、動詞來描述詞匯特點;以及描寫土語里最具特點的有關(guān)牧業(yè)方面的詞匯和土語里普遍使用的敬語。第四節(jié)里以傳統(tǒng)藏文文法書為依據(jù)結(jié)合土語例句,描寫雜塘土語的語法特征。第一節(jié)介紹土語里非自由虛詞及格助詞的使用特點;第二節(jié)里介紹土語里自由虛詞使用特點。結(jié)語里主要寫了本論文的不足之處。
[Abstract]:In the Tibetan dialect of the Tibetan language, the Tibetan dialect is divided into the former and the later, and the Tibetan language of the Tibet Autonomous Region is located between the front and the back, and its native language is slightly different from the other parts of the Tibetan language, especially in the former Tibetan dialect. In the view of the administrative division, the administrative division of the Tanggu Village is located in the south of the former Tibet, but because it is located in the western part of the Langcazi County, the west is adjacent to the Renbu County of the city of RiKazan, and the Tibetan dialect is close to that of the later-hiding places such as the Renbu County, the Yangtze River and the Rikhar. and there is a certain difference in the speech with the former Tibetan dialect, which is the main part of Lhasa and the Shannan dialect. Therefore, in the case of sociology, or linguistics itself, the native language of the Yuantang Village in Langcazi County is of great research space and research value. It is a kind of native language in the Tibetan dialect, and its phonetic form and vocabulary have some common characters with other native languages of the Tibetan dialect. At the same time, there is a certain difference in the specific phonological mode, the development trend and the voice system. This paper mainly uses the field investigation method to carry out the investigation and interview on the field to the Tangtang Village, and collect the vocabulary. From the angle of phonology and phonology, the speech system of the native language of the village of Tanggu is comprehensively organized and summed up; the speech characteristics and the law of the evolution of the language are described by the method of phonetics, and the native language of the Tang and the Lhasa, the South of the mountain and the Rikaze are compared by the comparison method. Based on the comparison of the classical literature of the Tibetan traditional grammar, the comparison between the native language and the written sentence, the present situation of the use of the grammar in the native language of the Tang-tang is analyzed. In this paper, the characteristics of the native language of the miscellaneous pond are discussed. This paper is composed of six parts. In the introduction, the purpose and significance of the study on the study of the Tuo-language in the Yuantang Village, Langcazi County, and the research status and research methods are discussed. The first chapter provides a brief introduction to the Tuantang Village and the Tuantang Village in the Langcazi County. In the first section, in the light of the factors that affect the change of the native language, the names of the land, the region, the administrative district history, the water area, the climate, the traffic and the clothing are briefly summarized in the aspects of the origin, the region, the administrative division history, the water area, the climate, the traffic and the clothing, and lays the foundation for the more comprehensive, in-depth and more detailed understanding and description of the native language. In the second section, in order to further understand the current situation of the use of the native language of the Tantang, the native language referred to in this paper is defined by the combination of the linguistic theory, and it is also known whether the native language of the Tang-tang is affected by other foreign languages other than the Tibetan language. A brief description of the population and the extent to which the second language is used is described. In the third section, the characteristics of the voice, the vocabulary, the grammar and so on of the native language of the miscellaneous pond are introduced in a general way, and in combination with the current domestic and foreign language academic field's classification of the Tibetan dialect, it is clear that the Tibetan dialect of the foreign language belongs to the Tibetan dialect before or after the Tibetan dialect. In the second chapter, the speech features of the native language are described in the second chapter. In the first section, the vowel sound position system and the vowel characteristics of the native language are summed up and sorted through the unit sound, the long vowel, the compound vowel and the consonant of the consonant; the second section, in combination with the native language example, determines and sums up the consonant phoneme system of the native language, and describes the characteristics of the consonants. In the third section, the tone and the syllable structure of the native language are described, and the tone and the value of the tone and the harmony of the tone and the vowel and the consonants are summed up, and the syllable structure in the native language is described. The fourth section mainly describes the change of the vowel, the consonant, the tone and the rule of the evolution. The third chapter describes the lexical features of the native language. The first section describes the word-building method from the six aspects of the attribute, the number of the syllables, the word-building method, the expression meaning, the near-tone word and the borrowing word. The third section describes the characteristics of the vocabulary from the noun, the adjective, the pronoun, the number of words, and the verb; and the general use of the vocabulary and the native language in the native language. in that fourth section, the traditional Tibetan language method is used to describe the grammatical features of the native language in the native language. The first section introduces the features of the use of non-free and free words in the native language. The second section introduces the use of free and imaginary words in the native language. In the epilogue, the deficiency of this thesis is mainly written.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H214
，

本文編號：2350661