英漢新詞語構(gòu)詞法對(duì)比研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-09 11:19
【摘要】：現(xiàn)代社會(huì)生活及網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用的迅速發(fā)展為新詞語的產(chǎn)生提供了便利條件。新詞語的涌現(xiàn),既方便了人們的日常交流,豐富了語言的詞匯系統(tǒng),也提升了新詞語在詞匯學(xué)研究中的地位。構(gòu)詞法是詞匯學(xué)研究的重要組成部分,但是對(duì)英漢新詞語構(gòu)詞法的對(duì)比研究是詞匯學(xué)研究的一個(gè)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)。本文選取2009-2013年的英漢新詞語,對(duì)其構(gòu)詞法進(jìn)行全面系統(tǒng)的分析,對(duì)英漢新詞語的構(gòu)詞特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行總結(jié)和對(duì)比,揭示英漢新詞語構(gòu)詞法的異同,分析差異產(chǎn)生的原因,并對(duì)英漢新詞語構(gòu)詞的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)做出預(yù)測(cè)。本研究第一章闡述英漢新詞語構(gòu)詞法對(duì)比研究的現(xiàn)狀及意義。第二章介紹國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)新詞語定義,并提出本文對(duì)新詞語的定義。概括新詞語的三種來源。闡述構(gòu)詞法的定義,并對(duì)構(gòu)詞法和造詞法進(jìn)行區(qū)分。第三章從新詞語的性質(zhì)、構(gòu)詞語素的性質(zhì)以及構(gòu)詞語素的組合關(guān)系三個(gè)方面,分別對(duì)2009-2013年漢語新詞語構(gòu)詞法進(jìn)行分析。對(duì)每年漢語新詞語的構(gòu)詞特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行總結(jié)。發(fā)現(xiàn)復(fù)合法和派生法是漢語新詞語的主要構(gòu)詞法,此外詞化句和詞化短語成為漢語新詞語新的構(gòu)詞特點(diǎn)。舊詞新義類新詞語沒有新的構(gòu)詞特點(diǎn),新舊詞構(gòu)詞法一致。借詞的構(gòu)詞法除單純?cè)~外,包括復(fù)合法和派生法兩種。第四章從英語新詞語的性質(zhì)、新詞語構(gòu)詞部件的性質(zhì)、部件之間的組合關(guān)系三方面,分別對(duì)2009-2013年英語新詞語構(gòu)詞法進(jìn)行分析。通過分析發(fā)現(xiàn)英語共有復(fù)合法、派生法、拼綴法、復(fù)合法+派生法、拼綴法+派生法五種構(gòu)詞法。首字母縮略詞和paraphrase是比較特殊的兩類英語新詞語,代表著英語新詞獨(dú)特的構(gòu)詞特點(diǎn)。舊詞新義類和借詞類新詞語數(shù)量較少,沒有新的構(gòu)詞特點(diǎn)。第五章對(duì)英漢新詞語共有構(gòu)詞法的構(gòu)詞特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行對(duì)比,總結(jié)英漢獨(dú)有構(gòu)詞法的構(gòu)詞特點(diǎn),對(duì)英漢舊詞新義類和借詞類新詞語的構(gòu)詞法進(jìn)行比較。指出英漢共有構(gòu)詞法同中有異,異中有同,拼綴法、復(fù)合法+派生法、拼綴法+派生法是英語獨(dú)有的構(gòu)詞法,拼綴法有超越派生法和復(fù)合法成為英語中構(gòu)詞能力最強(qiáng)的構(gòu)詞法的趨勢(shì)。漢語新詞語中的詞化現(xiàn)象已經(jīng)成為漢語的一種新的構(gòu)詞現(xiàn)象。在英漢舊詞新義類詞語中,舊詞和新詞的構(gòu)詞法均保持一致。漢語借詞的類型以及借詞的構(gòu)詞法較英語的豐富。第六章對(duì)英漢構(gòu)詞法異同成因進(jìn)行分析。論文最后對(duì)全文進(jìn)行總結(jié),指出追求詞語結(jié)構(gòu)的凝練是造成英漢新詞語構(gòu)詞趨同性的原因,并分別對(duì)英漢新詞語構(gòu)詞法的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行展望和預(yù)測(cè)。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of modern social life and network application provides convenient conditions for the production of new words. The emergence of neologisms not only facilitates people's daily communication, enriches the lexical system of language, but also promotes the position of neologisms in lexicology. Word formation is an important part of lexicology, but the contrastive study of English and Chinese neologisms is a weak link in lexicology. This paper selects English and Chinese neologisms from 2009-2013 to make a comprehensive and systematic analysis of their word-formation methods, summarizes and compares the word-formation characteristics of English-Chinese neologisms, reveals the similarities and differences between English and Chinese neologisms, and analyzes the causes of the differences. The development trend of English and Chinese neologisms is forecasted. The first chapter of this study expounds the present situation and significance of the contrastive study of Chinese and English neologisms. The second chapter introduces the definition of neologisms at home and abroad, and puts forward the definition of neologisms in this paper. Generalize the three sources of new words. This paper expounds the definition of word-formation and distinguishes word-formation from word-formation. The third chapter analyzes Chinese neologism from three aspects: the nature of neologism, the nature of word-forming morpheme and the combination of word-forming morpheme. This paper summarizes the characteristics of Chinese neologisms every year. It is found that compound method and derivation method are the main word-formation methods of Chinese neologisms, in addition, word-oriented sentences and word-oriented phrases become the new word-formation characteristics of Chinese neologisms. New words of old words have no new word formation characteristics, and new and old words have the same word-formation method. In addition to simple words, loanword formation includes compound method and derivative method. The fourth chapter analyzes the English neologism from three aspects: the nature of English neologisms, the properties of neologisms and the relationship between them. Through the analysis, we find five kinds of word-formation methods: common compound method, derivation method, spelling method, compound method derivative method and spelling method derivative method. Acronym and paraphrase are two special English neologisms, which represent the unique word-formation characteristics of English neologisms. The number of new words in old words and loanwords is less, and there is no new word formation characteristic. The fifth chapter compares the word-formation characteristics of common word-formation in English and Chinese neologisms, summarizes the unique word-formation characteristics in English and Chinese, and compares the word-formation between the new meanings of old words and the new words of loanwords in English and Chinese. It is pointed out that there are differences in common word-formation in English and Chinese. The spelling method, compound derivation method and spelling-method derivation method are unique to English word-formation. The spelling method has the tendency of surpassing derivation and compound method to become the strongest word-formation method in English. Lexicalization in Chinese neologisms has become a new word-formation phenomenon in Chinese. The word-formation of old words and new words is consistent in English and Chinese. The types of Chinese loanwords and the formation of Chinese loanwords are richer than those in English. Chapter six analyzes the similarities and differences between English and Chinese word-formation. Finally, the thesis summarizes the whole paper, points out that the pursuit of concensiveness of lexical structure is the cause of the convergence of English and Chinese neologisms, and forecasts the development trend of new word-formation in English and Chinese.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：H146.1;H314.1
[Abstract]:The rapid development of modern social life and network application provides convenient conditions for the production of new words. The emergence of neologisms not only facilitates people's daily communication, enriches the lexical system of language, but also promotes the position of neologisms in lexicology. Word formation is an important part of lexicology, but the contrastive study of English and Chinese neologisms is a weak link in lexicology. This paper selects English and Chinese neologisms from 2009-2013 to make a comprehensive and systematic analysis of their word-formation methods, summarizes and compares the word-formation characteristics of English-Chinese neologisms, reveals the similarities and differences between English and Chinese neologisms, and analyzes the causes of the differences. The development trend of English and Chinese neologisms is forecasted. The first chapter of this study expounds the present situation and significance of the contrastive study of Chinese and English neologisms. The second chapter introduces the definition of neologisms at home and abroad, and puts forward the definition of neologisms in this paper. Generalize the three sources of new words. This paper expounds the definition of word-formation and distinguishes word-formation from word-formation. The third chapter analyzes Chinese neologism from three aspects: the nature of neologism, the nature of word-forming morpheme and the combination of word-forming morpheme. This paper summarizes the characteristics of Chinese neologisms every year. It is found that compound method and derivation method are the main word-formation methods of Chinese neologisms, in addition, word-oriented sentences and word-oriented phrases become the new word-formation characteristics of Chinese neologisms. New words of old words have no new word formation characteristics, and new and old words have the same word-formation method. In addition to simple words, loanword formation includes compound method and derivative method. The fourth chapter analyzes the English neologism from three aspects: the nature of English neologisms, the properties of neologisms and the relationship between them. Through the analysis, we find five kinds of word-formation methods: common compound method, derivation method, spelling method, compound method derivative method and spelling method derivative method. Acronym and paraphrase are two special English neologisms, which represent the unique word-formation characteristics of English neologisms. The number of new words in old words and loanwords is less, and there is no new word formation characteristic. The fifth chapter compares the word-formation characteristics of common word-formation in English and Chinese neologisms, summarizes the unique word-formation characteristics in English and Chinese, and compares the word-formation between the new meanings of old words and the new words of loanwords in English and Chinese. It is pointed out that there are differences in common word-formation in English and Chinese. The spelling method, compound derivation method and spelling-method derivation method are unique to English word-formation. The spelling method has the tendency of surpassing derivation and compound method to become the strongest word-formation method in English. Lexicalization in Chinese neologisms has become a new word-formation phenomenon in Chinese. The word-formation of old words and new words is consistent in English and Chinese. The types of Chinese loanwords and the formation of Chinese loanwords are richer than those in English. Chapter six analyzes the similarities and differences between English and Chinese word-formation. Finally, the thesis summarizes the whole paper, points out that the pursuit of concensiveness of lexical structure is the cause of the convergence of English and Chinese neologisms, and forecasts the development trend of new word-formation in English and Chinese.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：H146.1;H314.1
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