【摘要】：“X也是X”是現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)中常用的一個(gè)口語(yǔ)構(gòu)式,常常用來(lái)表示否定性的評(píng)價(jià)義,為說(shuō)話人的心理傾向提供理由或借口。本文立足漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言事實(shí),運(yùn)用構(gòu)式語(yǔ)法理論和三個(gè)平面語(yǔ)法理論,結(jié)合認(rèn)知語(yǔ)言學(xué)的相關(guān)理論對(duì)“X也是X”構(gòu)式進(jìn)行了全面系統(tǒng)的研究�！癤也是X”的變項(xiàng)“X”主要有兩種形式“V著”和“V 了”,據(jù)此可以分為A類“V著也是V著”和B類“V 了也是V 了”兩個(gè)小類。該構(gòu)式變項(xiàng)的選擇限制比較多,所以能產(chǎn)性不是很高,但是部分構(gòu)式的使用頻率很高,因此不能否定該構(gòu)式的重要性。句法上,“X也是X”構(gòu)式不僅可以充當(dāng)句法成分、復(fù)句分句,還可以單獨(dú)成句和連用。語(yǔ)義上,根據(jù)“較大結(jié)構(gòu)”分析法,發(fā)現(xiàn)“X也是X”表示的是否定評(píng)價(jià)義,A類的構(gòu)式義為“否定人或物所處狀態(tài)的價(jià)值或意義”,B類的構(gòu)式義為“否定某種結(jié)果的價(jià)值和意義”。B類的“V 了”和A類的“V著”存在著結(jié)果和事件的轉(zhuǎn)喻關(guān)系,B類可以看作A類的特殊變式�！癤也是X”與構(gòu)件之間存在著互動(dòng)關(guān)系,一方面該構(gòu)式對(duì)構(gòu)件具有選擇壓制作用,另一方面構(gòu)件對(duì)構(gòu)式也有重要的影響。另外,“ X也是X”常常有一個(gè)后續(xù)句,與后續(xù)句之間存在著兩種語(yǔ)義聯(lián)系:因果、選擇。語(yǔ)用特點(diǎn)上,“X也是X”表達(dá)的是一種隨意性的話語(yǔ)語(yǔ)氣,主要應(yīng)用于對(duì)話語(yǔ)境和擬對(duì)話語(yǔ)境。為了遵守禮貌原則,而故意違反會(huì)話合作原則,以委婉含蓄地方式傳達(dá)會(huì)話含義。來(lái)源上,根據(jù)形式、語(yǔ)義聯(lián)系和還原性,發(fā)現(xiàn)“X也是X”來(lái)源于表假設(shè)關(guān)系的“X也是Y”。其生成機(jī)制為類推糅合機(jī)制,形成動(dòng)因主要為經(jīng)濟(jì)性原則、趨新求異心理以及寬松的社會(huì)文化環(huán)境和已有的語(yǔ)言資源。最后,文章將“X也是X”與相關(guān)形式進(jìn)行了比較。從句法、語(yǔ)義、語(yǔ)用三個(gè)方面揭示了 “X也是X”與“X是X”的異同。同時(shí),也分析了 “X也是X”與“X也是Y”的區(qū)別,且總結(jié)了兩者不可替換的條件。
[Abstract]:"X is X" is a common spoken sentence in modern Chinese, which is often used to express the negative meaning of evaluation and to provide reasons or excuses for the psychological tendency of the speaker. Based on the facts of Chinese language, this paper applies the theory of construction grammar and three plane grammar theories. Combined with the relevant theories of cognitive linguistics, this paper makes a comprehensive and systematic study on the construction of "X is X". The variant "X" of "X is X" has two main forms "V Zhe" and "V Zhe". According to this, it can be divided into two subcategories: category A, "V also V" and Class B, "V and V". There are many restrictions on the selection of the construction variable, so the productivity is not very high, but the use frequency of the partial construction is very high, so the importance of the construction can not be denied. Syntactically, "X is X" can not only serve as syntactic component, complex clause, but also can be used separately. Semantically, according to the "larger structure" analysis, It is found that "X is X" means that the constructive meaning of negative evaluation of meaning A is "negating the value or meaning of the state in which people or things are located". The construction meaning of category B is "V" and "V" of category B "negating the value and meaning of a certain result". There is a metonymy relationship between the result and the event in "V zhe" of Class A. Class B can be regarded as a special variant of Class A. "X is also X" and there is an interactive relationship between "X" and components. On the one hand, the structure has a selective suppression effect on the component, on the other hand, the component also has an important influence on the construction. In addition, "X is X" often has a successor sentence, and there are two semantic relations between them: causality, choice. In pragmatic features, "X is X" expresses a kind of arbitrary discourse mood, which is mainly used in the context of dialogue and the context of quasi-dialogue. In order to observe the politeness principle and deliberately violate the conversational cooperation principle, it conveys conversational implicature tacitly and implicitly. From the source, according to the form, semantic connection and reducibility, it is found that "X is X" from the "X is Y" of the hypothetical relation of the table. The formation mechanism is the analogy blending mechanism, which is mainly driven by the economic principle, the psychology of seeking for differences, the relaxed social and cultural environment and the existing language resources. Finally, the article compares "X is X" with related forms. The similarities and differences between "X is X" and "X is X" are revealed from syntactic, semantic and pragmatic aspects. At the same time, the difference between "X is X" and "X is Y" is analyzed, and the irreplaceable conditions are summarized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H146.3

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