本文選題：人文交流 + 文化隱喻��； 參考：《南京航空航天大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隱喻研究從傳統(tǒng)的修辭論發(fā)展到認知論,到目前的批評隱喻研究發(fā)生了“認知”和“社會”的兩次轉向。隨著話語分析的文化轉向,隱喻研究目前有向“文化”方向發(fā)展的趨勢。本研究以文化隱喻分析和中美官方話語對話空間建構為理論框架,采用語料庫研究法和對比分析法,輔以在線語料庫工具Wmatrix,研究“中美人文交流高層磋商”外交話語中文化隱喻使用的異同點。對中美文化隱喻系統(tǒng)、文化交流的程度及文化同質性和異質性進行了對比研究,并以此為今后的交流磋商提供一些建議和策略。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)如下:(1)中美兩國官方話語在文化隱喻分布上具有很明顯的相似性和一定的特異性。中方隱喻按照科技,娛樂,文學,經濟,社會的順序分布;美方按照科技,娛樂,經濟,文學,社會的順序分布�？萍茧[喻和娛樂隱喻在中美語料中均位于前兩位,這是由于分別構成這兩個隱喻的次隱喻——建筑隱喻、機器隱喻和旅行隱喻的比重較大。相比較而言,中方的文學隱喻比美方占得比重大;經濟隱喻的比重較美方小。(2)中美雙方娛樂和科技領域對話性空間最大,說明這些域是中美兩國對話的基礎;而文學、經濟和社會領域對話性空間較小,說明對話潛力較大,需要兩國重視并加強雙邊交流。從廣度來看,中方使用多種文學隱喻而美方的經濟隱喻的類符較多。就頻度而言,中方使用科技隱喻更頻繁,尤其體現(xiàn)在建筑隱喻和物品隱喻上,而美方的機器隱喻的較頻繁。雙方的娛樂隱喻頻度都很高,主要體現(xiàn)在旅行隱喻的使用上。(3)中美對話交流的程度體現(xiàn)了一定的文化同質性和異質性。a)雙方大量使用科技和娛樂隱喻,體現(xiàn)了中美雙方物質文化和中層文化的同質性。b)中美同一隱喻不同的表現(xiàn)形式折射出兩個民族各自的文化傾向性。c)雙方的文化異質性主要體現(xiàn)在深層文化和底層文化上。中方強調文學隱喻,體現(xiàn)了中方“天人合一”和“以人為本”的價值觀。美方的競賽隱喻和商業(yè)隱喻比重大,分別凸顯了其陽剛文化,“實用主義”和長期目標導向。
[Abstract]:The study of metaphor has developed from the traditional rhetoric theory to the cognitive theory, and to the present critical metaphorical study, there have been two turns of "cognition" and "society". With the cultural turn of discourse analysis, metaphor studies have a tendency to develop in the direction of "culture". The present study is based on the theoretical framework of cultural metaphor analysis and the spatial construction of official discourse between China and the United States, and adopts a corpus approach and a contrastive analysis method. With the help of online corpus tool Wmatrix, this paper studies the similarities and differences in the use of cultural metaphors in diplomatic discourse. This paper makes a comparative study of the cultural metaphor system, the degree of cultural exchange, the homogeneity and heterogeneity of culture between China and the United States, and provides some suggestions and strategies for future communication and negotiation. The results are as follows: (1) the distribution of cultural metaphors in official discourse between China and the United States is similar and specific. Chinese metaphors are distributed in the order of science and technology, entertainment, literature, economy and society, and the US is distributed in the order of science and technology, entertainment, economy, literature and society. Science and technology metaphor and entertainment metaphor are both in the first two positions in the Chinese and American corpus. This is due to the fact that the construction metaphor, the machine metaphor and the travel metaphor respectively constitute the two metaphors. In comparison, Chinese literary metaphors account for a larger proportion than the United States, while economic metaphors account for less. (2) China and the United States have the largest space for dialogue in the fields of entertainment and science and technology, indicating that these domains are the basis for dialogue between China and the United States. The small space for dialogue in the economic and social fields shows that the potential for dialogue is great and the two countries need to attach importance to and strengthen bilateral exchanges. In terms of breadth, the Chinese use a variety of literary metaphors and the American economic metaphors are more generic. In terms of frequency, scientific metaphors are used more frequently in China, especially in architectural metaphors and object metaphors, and in American machine metaphors. Both parties have a high frequency of entertainment metaphors, mainly reflected in the use of travel metaphors. (3) the degree of dialogue and communication between China and the United States reflects a certain cultural homogeneity and heterogeneity. A) both sides use a large number of science and technology and entertainment metaphors. It reflects the homogeneity of material culture and middle culture between China and America. B) the different expressions of the same metaphor between China and the United States reflect the cultural tendency of the two peoples. C) the cultural heterogeneity between the two peoples is mainly reflected in the deep culture and the bottom culture. Chinese emphasis on literary metaphor embodies Chinese values of "harmony of man and nature" and "people-oriented". The competition metaphor and business metaphor of the United States have a large proportion, highlighting their masculine culture, "pragmatism" and long-term goal orientation, respectively.
【學位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H15;H315

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