本文選題：漢語轉(zhuǎn)喻 + 識解機(jī)制��； 參考：《四川外國語大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：轉(zhuǎn)喻是我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪谐Ｒ姷囊环N修辭手段,很多學(xué)者都從不同的角度對其進(jìn)行了研究,如修辭學(xué)、文體學(xué)、語言學(xué)等。認(rèn)知語言學(xué)的發(fā)展為轉(zhuǎn)喻的研究提供了新的方向,轉(zhuǎn)喻不再被認(rèn)為是一種傳統(tǒng)的修辭格,而是一種認(rèn)知工具和思維方式。對轉(zhuǎn)喻的研究,理論層面主要探索它的本質(zhì)、運(yùn)作機(jī)制以及與隱喻的關(guān)系等,而實(shí)證層面主要運(yùn)用事件相關(guān)電位(ERPs)、功能性磁共振成像(fMRI)和眼動(eye-tracking)等技術(shù)來對此進(jìn)行更深入的研究。廖巧云(2015)提出了“內(nèi)涵外延關(guān)聯(lián)傳承模型”,這一理論模型為漢語語義修辭識解機(jī)制的研究提供了理論依據(jù)。在這個理論的基礎(chǔ)上,本實(shí)驗(yàn)選取18名(9男9女)四川外國語大學(xué)英語專業(yè)的研究生為被試,采用ERPs技術(shù)探索男女在漢語轉(zhuǎn)喻識解的過程中是否存在差異。雖然很多行為實(shí)驗(yàn)對不同性別在加工語言時存在的差異進(jìn)行了探討,但還未發(fā)現(xiàn)有學(xué)者以漢語轉(zhuǎn)喻為實(shí)驗(yàn)材料并且從電生理學(xué)的角度來研究語言加工的性別差異。本研究完成于四川外國語大學(xué)外語學(xué)習(xí)認(rèn)知神經(jīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室。實(shí)驗(yàn)材料包括語境句、關(guān)鍵句(直義句、轉(zhuǎn)喻句或無關(guān)句)、探測詞和陳述句。首先依次向被試呈現(xiàn)語境句、關(guān)鍵句和探測詞,然后被試判斷探測詞的真假并作出按鍵反應(yīng),最后呈現(xiàn)陳述句,被試判斷和前面話語的意思是否相符。實(shí)驗(yàn)使用E-prime2.0軟件編程,腦電數(shù)據(jù)通過Neuroscan4.5記錄、采集并進(jìn)行離線分析,然后將結(jié)果輸入SPSS16.0進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計分析。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果如下:(1)對女性而言,探測詞所誘發(fā)的P200波幅在轉(zhuǎn)喻句條件下比在直義句條件下更小且差異顯著[t(7)=-2.253,p=.027.05];N400波幅在轉(zhuǎn)喻句條件下更大且存在邊緣性差異[t(7)=-.512,p=.071.1]。(2)對男性而言,探測詞所誘發(fā)的N100波幅在轉(zhuǎn)喻句條件下比在直義句條件下更小且差異顯著[t(7)=2.363,p=.02.05];P200波幅在轉(zhuǎn)喻句條件下更大且存在邊緣性差異[t(7)=1.764,p=.081.1];N400波幅在轉(zhuǎn)喻句條件下更小并且差異非常顯著[t(7)=3.235,p=.002.05]。(3)男女在識解加工漢語轉(zhuǎn)喻句時,探測詞在轉(zhuǎn)喻句條件下誘發(fā)的P200效應(yīng)波幅分別為4.77μV和3.29μV,男性比女性誘發(fā)更大的P200波幅,且性別效應(yīng)顯著[t(14)=2.495,p=.014.05];探測詞在轉(zhuǎn)喻句條件下誘發(fā)的N400效應(yīng)波幅分別為-2.26μV和-4.64μV,女性比男性誘發(fā)更大的N400波幅,且性別效應(yīng)非常顯著[t(14)=4.032,p=.000.05]。通過實(shí)驗(yàn),本研究得出以下結(jié)論:(1)男女內(nèi)部對比結(jié)果表明女性在加工漢語轉(zhuǎn)喻句時比加工直義句時付出更多的選擇性注意資源并且直義句對探測詞的理解促進(jìn)作用更大,而男性在加工漢語轉(zhuǎn)喻句時比加工直義句時付出更少的注意資源并且轉(zhuǎn)喻句對探測詞的理解促進(jìn)作用更大。(2)男女間對比結(jié)果表明在識解加工漢語轉(zhuǎn)喻句時,女性比男性付出更多的選擇性注意資源并且轉(zhuǎn)喻句在男性中比在女性中對探測詞的理解促進(jìn)作用更大。此外,女性在可能性特征提取的過程中進(jìn)行更深層次的語義分析。而男女在直義句和無關(guān)句條件下無顯著差異。本研究的結(jié)果證明男女在漢語轉(zhuǎn)喻識解中存在一定的差異,并且支持“加工水平”理論框架,具有一定的理論意義。
[Abstract]:Metonymy is a common rhetorical device in our daily life. Many scholars have studied it from different angles, such as rhetoric, stylistics, linguistics and so on. The development of cognitive linguistics provides a new direction for metonymy research. Metonymy is no longer considered a traditional figure of speech, but a cognitive tool and a thinking side. In the study of metonymy, the theoretical level mainly explores its nature, operating mechanism and the relationship with metaphor, while the empirical level mainly uses ERPs, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and eye movement (eye-tracking) to further study it. Liao Qiaoyun (2015) proposed the "connotation extension Association inheritance". This theoretical model provides a theoretical basis for the study of the mechanism of Chinese semantic rhetorical recognition. On the basis of this theory, 18 (9 men and 9 women) graduate students of Sichuan foreign language university are selected as subjects, and the difference between men and women in the process of Chinese metonymy is explored by ERPs Technology. Behavioral experiments are conducted to explore the differences between different sexes in processing language. However, no scholars have been found to use Chinese metonymy as an experimental material and to study the gender differences in language processing from the perspective of electrophysiology. This study was completed in the laboratory of recognition of foreign language learning in Sichuan foreign language university. Key sentences (direct sentences, metonymy sentences or irrelevant sentences), detection words and declarative sentences. First, they present contextual sentences, key sentences and detection words to the subjects, then the subjects judge the truth and false of the detection words and make key reactions, and finally present declarative sentences, and the subjects judge whether the meaning of the words in front is consistent. The experiment uses E-prime2.0 software programming, the number of brain electricity. According to the Neuroscan4.5 records, the results are collected and off-line analyzed, and then the results are entered into SPSS16.0 for statistical analysis. The experimental results are as follows: (1) for women, the P200 wave amplitude induced by the probe is smaller and significantly different than in the synonym condition under the condition of the synonym condition and the difference is significantly [t (7) =-2.253, p=.027.05]; N400 wave amplitude is more in the metonymy sentence condition. There is a large and marginal difference [t (7) =-.512, p=.071.1]. (2) for men, the N100 wave amplitude induced by the detection word is smaller and significantly different than in the synonymous sentence conditions under the condition of the synonym condition, and the difference is significantly [t (7) =2.363, p=.02.05]; P200 wave amplitude is larger and there is a marginal difference in the metonymy condition, [t (7) =1.764, p=.081.1]; N400 amplitude is in the metonymy condition Lower and distinct difference is very significant [t (7) =3.235, p=.002.05]. (3) men and women, when construed to process Chinese metonymy sentences, the amplitude of the P200 effect induced by the detection words under the metonymy condition is 4.77 mu V and 3.29 mu V respectively, and the male induces a greater P200 amplitude than the female, and the gender effect is [t (14) =2.495, p=.014.05], and the detection word is under the metonymy condition. The amplitude of the induced N400 effect was -2.26 V and -4.64 mu V respectively, and the female induced a greater N400 amplitude than the male, and the gender effect was very significant [t (14) =4.032, and p=.000.05]. passed the experiment. The results of this study were as follows: (1) the contrast results between men and women showed that women were more selective in processing Chinese metonymy sentences than processing direct meaning sentences. Pay attention to resources and direct meaning sentences play a greater role in understanding the understanding of the detection words, while men pay less attention to the metonymy sentences when processing Chinese metonymy and the metonymy sentence plays a greater role in promoting the understanding of the detection words. (2) the contrast results between men and women show that women pay more than men when recognizing Chinese metonymy sentences. The selective attention resource and the metonymy play a greater role in the understanding of the detection words than in the female. In addition, women carry out deeper semantic analysis in the process of extracting the possibility characteristics. There is no significant difference between men and women under the conditions of direct and unrelated sentences. The results of this study prove that men and women are understood in Chinese metonymy understanding. There are certain differences and support the theoretical framework of "processing level", which is of theoretical significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H15

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