本文選題：中國外交話語 + 評(píng)價(jià)理論�。� 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：作為一個(gè)世界大國,中國在國際事務(wù)中起著越來越重要的作用。其國家政策和在關(guān)鍵問題上的態(tài)度都深受國內(nèi)外的關(guān)注。因此,中國的外交辭令往往受到學(xué)術(shù)界極大地關(guān)注。國內(nèi)外對(duì)中國外交辭令的研究主要是從語用學(xué)的合作原則,禮貌原則,預(yù)設(shè)理論等方面來研究其基本特征和技巧。這些研究并沒有從詞匯的層面挖掘中國外交辭令的用語特征。評(píng)價(jià)理論是系統(tǒng)功能語言學(xué)中從人際意義研究中發(fā)展而來的詞匯語法新理論,可以用于對(duì)中國外交辭令的詞匯層面的研究。本文從評(píng)價(jià)理論角度對(duì)中國外交新聞發(fā)布會(huì)中的介入資源進(jìn)行分析研究。評(píng)價(jià)理論中的介入系統(tǒng)主要研究話語語境下,語言使用者如何通過語言資源來表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn),并與其他可能的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行交涉的過程。本文作者從中國外交部官網(wǎng)中的南海問題專欄選取了 30篇外交新聞發(fā)布會(huì)語篇作為語料,并對(duì)語料中的介入資源進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)詳細(xì)的分析。本人作者通過分析研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在中國外交新聞發(fā)布會(huì)中,相比于自言資源,中國新聞發(fā)言人傾向于使用更多的借言資源。而在借言資源中,相比于擴(kuò)展資源,中國新聞發(fā)言人傾向于使用更多的收縮資源來清晰地表達(dá)他們所代表的中國政府的立場,樹立威信,以及避免記者可能提出的挑釁言論甚至是語言陷阱。在收縮資源中,中國新聞發(fā)言人使用的否認(rèn)資源遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過公告資源。這與前人的研究結(jié)果正好相反。這是一方面是由于中國政府在如領(lǐng)土問題這樣的關(guān)鍵問題上否認(rèn)任何企圖挑戰(zhàn)其權(quán)威的言論,另一方面中國在近幾年,尤其是南海問題爭端不斷的情況下,一改之前軟綿形象,形成了不懼任何挑戰(zhàn)的新形象。在擴(kuò)展資源中,中國新聞發(fā)言人使用的外言資源遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過內(nèi)言資源。這也與前人的研究結(jié)果相反。這是因?yàn)楫?dāng)面對(duì)如南海仲裁案這樣的棘手問題,中國新聞發(fā)言人需要列舉很多其他的資料來使記者們清楚事件背后的事實(shí)以及當(dāng)前國際社會(huì)上輿論對(duì)中國立場的支持導(dǎo)向。關(guān)于中國外交辭令中的用語特征,本文作者發(fā)現(xiàn)了以下七點(diǎn):第一,中國新聞發(fā)言人很少使用“也許”,“可能”等情態(tài)詞,因?yàn)樵谥形闹羞@些詞給人一種軟弱,猶豫的感覺;第二,中國新聞發(fā)言人傾向于引用大量的其他資源來說明相關(guān)事實(shí)和當(dāng)前的情況,也就是說,中國新聞發(fā)言人傾向于間接地說明情況;第三,當(dāng)中國新聞發(fā)言人使用拉開距離資源時(shí),其實(shí)就隱含了其對(duì)當(dāng)前所引用的言論的否定態(tài)度,而且中國新聞發(fā)言人傾向于用“所謂的”引導(dǎo)其持批判態(tài)度的言論;第四,當(dāng)面對(duì)如領(lǐng)土問題這樣的關(guān)鍵問題時(shí),中國新聞發(fā)言人傾向于直接否認(rèn)挑釁言論,以表明其維護(hù)國家主權(quán)領(lǐng)土完整的決心以及其不懼任何挑戰(zhàn)的信心;第五,中國新聞發(fā)言人有時(shí)會(huì)直接引用中國古典名言來支持自己的觀點(diǎn),這是中國人表達(dá)或者爭論的習(xí)慣,這種引經(jīng)據(jù)典往往能引起中國人的共鳴,卻會(huì)對(duì)外國記者的理解造成困擾;第六,中國新聞發(fā)言人使用由“無論”和“不管”引出的宣布資源來強(qiáng)調(diào)主句中觀點(diǎn)的正確性;最后,中國新聞發(fā)言人傾向于用“是”陳述其認(rèn)為是事實(shí)的觀點(diǎn)。本文推進(jìn)了用評(píng)價(jià)理論分析中文語料的進(jìn)程,同時(shí)也有助于國內(nèi)外對(duì)于中國外交辭令尤其是中國外交新聞發(fā)布會(huì)的理解。
[Abstract]:As a big country in the world, China plays an increasingly important role in international affairs. The national policy on key issues and attitudes are deeply concerned at home and abroad. Therefore, China diplomacy often greatly attention by academic circles. The domestic and foreign research on China diplomatic language is mainly from the cooperative principle politeness the principles of pragmatics, presupposition theory, and to study its basic characteristics and skills. These studies did not dig Chinese diplomatic language features from the lexical level. Appraisal theory is a new theory of systemic functional linguistics in vocabulary and grammar from the study of interpersonal meaning in development, can be used to study the lexical level of diplomatic China the. This paper analyzes the engagement resources of press conference Chinese diplomacy from the perspective of appraisal theory. The main research discourse intervention system evaluation theory in the context of Next, how language users to express their views through language resources, and the process of negotiations with other possible views. The author of this article from the official website of the Ministry of foreign Chinese column in the South China Sea issue in the 30 texts chosen foreign press conference discourse as the corpus, and the engagement resources in the corpus in detail. I the study found that in the press conference Chinese diplomacy, compared to the possible resources, China spokesman tend to use more heteroglossic resources. In heteroglossic resources, compared to the expansion of resources, China spokesman tend to use more resources shrink to articulate what they represent the position of the government China, establish credibility, and to avoid the reporter may raise provocative statements and even language traps. In contraction, deny Chinese spokesman used resources far Far more than the announcement resources. This study and previous results on the contrary. This is partly because the China government denied any attempt to challenge the authority of speech on key issues such as territorial issues, on the other hand China in recent years, especially in the South China Sea dispute continuously under the condition of a change before Ruanmian the image formed a new image without fear of any challenge. In the expansion of resources, China spokesman used foreign language resources far more than words in resources. This study and previous results on the contrary. This is because when faced with such as the South China Sea arbitration this thorny problem, China spokesman cited many other information needs to reporters clearly behind the incident and the fact that the current international public opinion on the Chinese stand support oriented. Language features of the Chinese in diplomatic language, the author found the following seven points: A spokesman for China, rarely used "maybe", "may" modality, because in Chinese in these words gives people a feeling of weakness, hesitation; second, Chinese spokesman cited a number of other resources in the tendency to explain the relevant facts and the current situation, that is to say, Chinese spokesman tend to indirectly explained the situation; third, when the China spokesman used distance resources, actually implies a negative attitude to the current quoted speech, and China spokesman tend to use the so-called "guiding the critical remarks; fourth, when faced with problems such as territorial key problems Chinese, spokesman tend to directly deny the provocative remarks in the maintenance of national sovereignty territorial integrity and the determination of their confidence not afraid of any challenge; fifth, a spokesman China When will Chinese direct reference to classical quotes to support their point of view, this is Chinese expression or debate habits, such works can often cause Chinese resonance, but to foreign journalists understand the trouble; sixth, China spokesman by the use of "whatever" and "whatever" leads the announced resources to correct in view of it; finally, China spokesman tend to use "is" the fact is that statement. This paper advance evaluation theory analysis Chinese data process, but also help domestic and foreign to Chinese diplomatic news conference Chinese especially diplomatic understanding.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H15

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本文編號(hào)：1748965