本文關(guān)鍵詞：中亞國家語言政策及其發(fā)展走向分析　出處：《新疆社會科學(xué)》2015年02期 　論文類型：期刊論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 中亞 語言政策 主體民族語 俄語 字母拉丁化

【摘要】：中亞國家實(shí)施以全面發(fā)展本國國語并擴(kuò)大其在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會生活等所有領(lǐng)域的功能為主要目的的新型語言政策,與此同時(shí),降低俄語地位、縮減俄語使用范圍、有意進(jìn)行文字改革的舉措,使俄語被嚴(yán)重"邊緣化"。然而,俄語的交際功能和實(shí)際應(yīng)用性并沒有因法律地位的下降而大幅度降低,俄語仍然是主要的族際交際語言。語言政策與現(xiàn)實(shí)需求的背離,嚴(yán)重影響著社會生活的方方面面,語言環(huán)境惡化促使人口外遷,不懂俄語制約勞務(wù)輸出,字母拉丁化導(dǎo)致教育質(zhì)量下降,俄語的語言功能被認(rèn)知為與俄交往的利器。中亞國家語言政策的最大特點(diǎn)是過于政治化,語言完全被某些政治家視為政治游戲的手段,而未把它當(dāng)作經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會發(fā)展的有效資源。人口、經(jīng)濟(jì)和地緣政治等因素將會直接影響中亞國家語言政策的發(fā)展走向�？傮w而言,俄語不會迅速退出中亞,主體民族語言徹底拉丁化尚需時(shí)日。
[Abstract]:The Central Asian States pursued a new linguistic policy aimed at the full development of the national language and the expansion of its functions in all fields of political, economic and social life, while at the same time reducing the status of the Russian language. The measures of reducing the scope of Russian use and intentionally carrying out the reform of Chinese characters have made the Russian language seriously "marginalized". However, the communicative function and practical application of the Russian language have not been greatly reduced because of the decline in the legal status. Russian is still the main language of inter-ethnic communication. The deviation between language policy and practical needs has seriously affected all aspects of social life. The deterioration of the language environment has prompted the emigration of the population and the lack of knowledge of Russian to restrict the export of labor services. The Latinization of letters leads to the deterioration of the quality of education, and the language function of Russian is recognized as a sharp tool for communication with Russia. The biggest feature of the language policy of the Central Asian countries is that it is too politicized. Language is viewed entirely by some politicians as a means of political play, rather than as an effective resource for economic and social development. Population. Factors such as economy and geopolitics will directly influence the development trend of language policy in Central Asian countries. In general, Russian will not withdraw from Central Asia quickly, and it will take time for the main national language to be completely Latinized.
【作者單位】： 蘭州大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院;
【基金】：教育部社科規(guī)劃項(xiàng)目“原蘇聯(lián)國家語言現(xiàn)狀與語言政策研究”(10YJA740125)的階段性研究成果
【分類號】：H002
【正文快照】： 由于長期受俄羅斯化政策的影響,蘇聯(lián)時(shí)期,中亞地區(qū)的俄語普及程度高、雙語(俄語和主體民族語)現(xiàn)象普遍,有些地區(qū)甚至出現(xiàn)掌握俄語人數(shù)超過母語人數(shù)的情況。蘇聯(lián)解體后,中亞國家把使用主體民族語言視為新獨(dú)立國家民族認(rèn)同的重要標(biāo)志和民族國家建設(shè)的核心要素,紛紛興起“語言民

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