【摘要】：明代宮廷音樂機構(gòu)數(shù)量眾多,分工細致,其中以掌管祭祀雅樂的太常寺以及承應機構(gòu)神樂觀、掌管朝賀宴饗樂的教坊司、內(nèi)廷宦官機構(gòu)鐘鼓司與女性音樂機構(gòu)司樂司為主。因成祖朱棣遷都,保留南京太常寺、南京教坊司,在北京重新設立中央機構(gòu)。機構(gòu)人員可以分為有品級的樂官與無品級的承應者。太常寺中的樂官有協(xié)律郎、典樂、司樂,教坊司有奉鑾、司樂、韶舞,鐘鼓司統(tǒng)領掌印太監(jiān),司樂司統(tǒng)領司樂,他們管理音樂機構(gòu)的同時,有作為專業(yè)音樂人才推動明代宮廷音樂發(fā)展。神樂觀承應人員稱為樂舞生,教坊司主要是有樂戶組成,他們是明代音樂制度下的音樂活動執(zhí)行者。受各項制度約束,也完成著朝廷指派的教習王府、屬國、地方用樂,成為朝廷音樂的傳播者、教導者。同時也不能忽視女性樂人在宮廷中的活動情況,教坊司、司樂司等機構(gòu)皆有女性承應者。樂官與承應人員的身份并不是無法改變,隨著時間的推移,各項政策的推動與統(tǒng)治者自身的喜好態(tài)度,人物的身份、機構(gòu)的設置以及職能都在發(fā)生著變化,也對明代宮廷音樂文化產(chǎn)生了影響。
[Abstract]:In the Ming Dynasty, the number of court music organizations was numerous and the division of labor was meticulous. Among them, Taichang Temple, which was in charge of sacrificing elegant music, and God, who was responsible for offering sacrifices to elegant music, was in charge of the teaching department of the banquet, the eunuch organ of the inner court, the bell and the drum, and the female music organization. Zhu Di moved capital, retained Nanjing Taichang Temple, Nanjing Department of Education, re-set up a central agency in Beijing. Agency personnel can be divided into a grade of music officials and no grade of the recipient. The music officials in the Taichang Temple had XieLulang, Dianle, Sile, and the teacher's Square Secretary, who was in charge of Bong Luan, Si Le, Shao Dance, and Zhong Drum, who led the printing eunuch and the Sile division, who were in charge of the music organization at the same time as they were managing the music organization. As a professional music talent to promote the Ming Dynasty palace music development. God optimistic acceptance of the personnel known as music and dance students, the Secretary is mainly composed of music, they are the music system of the Ming Dynasty music activities. Constrained by the various systems, he also completed the teaching and learning of the royal palace, and became the disseminator and educator of court music. At the same time, we can not ignore the activities of female musicians in the court. As time goes by, the promotion of various policies and the attitudes of the rulers themselves, the identity of the characters, the setting up of institutions and the functions of the people are all changing. It also influenced the music culture of the Ming court.
【學位授予單位】：南京師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：J609.2

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