【摘要】：陜南一方水土養(yǎng)育著陜南民眾,也孕育了獨(dú)特的陜南民歌。陜南自古有傳唱民歌的風(fēng)俗,但直到當(dāng)代才被本地人大量整理記錄。至今,陜南民歌題材豐富,風(fēng)格多樣,承載著厚重的陜南發(fā)展歷史和民間文化,反映著陜南人民的生活狀貌和情感世界。陜南民歌的題材涉及到陜南人民社會(huì)生活和日常生活的方方面面。首先是勞動(dòng)題材民歌,勞者歌其事,從事不同行業(yè)的勞動(dòng)者創(chuàng)造出了屬于各自行業(yè)的民歌:有號(hào)子歌、田間歌、采茶歌、放牧歌等。其次是愛情題材民歌,愛情是民歌永恒的主題,其中羞澀甜蜜的初戀和如漆似膠的熱戀都反映了相愛的男女間美好的愛情;有的愛情不能夠一帆風(fēng)順,這就產(chǎn)生了受阻撓進(jìn)行反抗的戀歌。和現(xiàn)實(shí)生活一樣,陜南民歌中也有違背道德、背叛家庭的孽戀。再有是儀式題材民歌,用于特定的儀式:葬禮演唱的喪葬歌,婚禮演唱的婚嫁歌,節(jié)日演唱的祈福歌以及驅(qū)邪治病演唱的巫神歌。最后是教育題材民歌,也就是具有教育意義的民歌,包括教育晚輩行孝、教育青年上進(jìn)、教育女人賢良、教育眾人禮讓等。陜南民歌隨著時(shí)代的變遷不斷發(fā)展和創(chuàng)新,追尋陜南民歌的發(fā)展動(dòng)態(tài)能夠看到從舊社會(huì)到新中國陜南人民生活、思想的變化,體現(xiàn)出陜南民歌與時(shí)代的同聲共振。首先展示了舊社會(huì)民眾的凄苦無助:人民遭受壓迫生活困苦,更飽受戰(zhàn)亂之苦,女性比男性更多了性別的劣勢(shì),苦難更加深重;其次唱出了苦難的人民終于盼來了救世主——紅軍,人民歌頌紅軍的恩情并感恩紅軍、參加紅軍;最后歌唱新中國的幸福生活,人民翻身得解放,生產(chǎn)干勁足,也充分體會(huì)了自由婚戀好。陜南民歌的總體風(fēng)格體現(xiàn)在語言修辭和曲調(diào)中。大量方言、襯詞呈現(xiàn)在民歌語言中,形成了通俗淺白又幽默詼諧的語言風(fēng)格,充分體現(xiàn)了陜南人民樂觀的心態(tài)和地方民俗色彩;還大量運(yùn)用暗示聯(lián)想、夸張、比擬和托物起興的手法,令人產(chǎn)生了耳目一新、過目不忘的效果;陜南民歌曲調(diào)淳樸自然、婉轉(zhuǎn)優(yōu)美,從聽覺上給人一種清新明快的感覺。已經(jīng)有陜南民歌被陜南作家寫進(jìn)作品,也有陜南民歌被改編為民歌劇登上舞臺(tái)、改編成電影搬上銀幕,陜南民歌將會(huì)迎來更輝煌的明天!
[Abstract]:A side of southern Shaanxi water and soil nurturing the people of southern Shaanxi, but also gave birth to unique Southern Shaanxi folk songs. The custom of singing folk songs has existed in southern Shaanxi since ancient times, but it was not until the present time that the local people kept a large number of records. Up to now, the folk songs in southern Shaanxi are rich in subject matter and diverse in style, bearing a heavy history of development and folk culture in southern Shaanxi, which reflects the life appearance and emotional world of the people in southern Shaanxi. The theme of the folk songs in southern Shaanxi involves all aspects of people's social life and daily life in southern Shaanxi. The first is the labor theme folk song, the laborer song its matter, engaged in the different profession laborer has created belongs to the respective profession folk song: has the trumpet song, the field song, the tea picking song, the grazing song and so on. Secondly, love is the theme of folk songs, love is the eternal theme of folk songs, and the shy and sweet first love and hot love like paint glue reflect the beautiful love between men and women who love each other. Some love can not be smooth, which has been obstructed to resist the love song. As in real life, folk songs in southern Shaanxi also violate morality and betray families. Then there are the ritual folk songs, which are used for certain rituals: funeral songs, wedding songs, blessing songs and witchcraft songs. Finally, the education theme folk songs, that is, the folk songs of educational significance, including the education of filial piety, the education of young people, the education of virtuous women, education of comity and so on. With the development and innovation of the times, the folk songs in southern Shaanxi can be seen to change from the old society to the people's life in the new China, reflecting the harmony between the folk songs and the times. First of all, it shows the misery and helplessness of the people in the old society: the people suffer from oppression and hardship, and they suffer from the war, women have more gender disadvantages than men, and the suffering is more severe; Secondly, the people who sang out the suffering of the people finally hoped to come to the savior, the Red Army, the people eulogize the Red Army's kindness and gratitude to the Red Army, join the Red Army; Finally, singing the happy life of New China, the people emancipated, full of productive energy, and fully experienced the good of free marriage. The overall style of folk songs in southern Shaanxi is embodied in language rhetoric and tune. A large number of dialects, lining words in the language of folk songs, formed a popular and humorous language style, fully reflected the optimistic mentality of the people of southern Shaanxi and local folk color; There is also a large use of suggestive association, exaggeration, analogy and propping things up, people have a refreshing, memorable effect; Southern Shaanxi folk songs simple and natural, graceful, from the sound to give a fresh and lively feeling. Some folk songs of southern Shaanxi have been written into their works by writers of southern Shaanxi, and some folk songs of southern Shaanxi have been adapted for folk operas to mount the stage, and adapted into films to be put on the screen. The folk songs of southern Shaanxi will ushered in a more brilliant tomorrow!
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：J607

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

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本文編號(hào)：2403479