發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-20 05:36

  本文選題：洮岷花兒 + 花兒會(huì)　； 參考：《山西師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：“花兒”早被學(xué)術(shù)界冠上“西北地區(qū)詩經(jīng)”的美譽(yù)。洮岷花兒顧名思義是以洮州、(現(xiàn)名:臨潭縣,位于甘肅省甘南藏族自治州,)、岷州(現(xiàn)名:岷縣,位于甘肅省定西市)為中心。洮岷花兒在曲調(diào)上可以聽出來一些西域的韻味,這是因?yàn)殇夯▋旱倪@個(gè)地方在很久以前是古代羌族人居住的地方。在洮岷這一帶也就是洮河流域有一種流行于民間的一種樂器叫“草咪咪”,還有一個(gè)別名叫“咪咪”,然而這個(gè)在當(dāng)?shù)亓餍械拇底鄻菲鳌安葸溥洹本褪枪糯甲迦嗣裨谑惆l(fā)情感、陶冶情操時(shí)吹奏的“羌笛”。洮岷花兒地處我國(guó)寬廣美麗的西北高原,受到地理環(huán)境的影響與制約,所以花兒的音色格外的嘹亮、高亢、因?yàn)橐鸦▋撼o對(duì)面山上的人聽,所以花兒還具有很強(qiáng)的穿透力�！盎▋骸备柙~內(nèi)容即興演唱,看見啥唱啥,想到啥唱啥,故事敘事性強(qiáng)、幽默風(fēng)趣、每一句或者沒兩句都有押韻詞。到每年的“花兒會(huì)”時(shí),花兒歌手在游山的時(shí)候一邊打著花傘,手里搖著彩扇,邊走邊長(zhǎng),頗有一番風(fēng)味�！盎▋骸边�可以稱作“少年”,主要流行于中國(guó)西北地區(qū)的甘肅、青海、寧夏,是一種獨(dú)特唱腔高腔山歌,“花兒”常常以園子里花朵作為比喻,也是大多數(shù)俊男靚女在對(duì)唱或演唱時(shí)對(duì)對(duì)方的一種愛稱的表達(dá)。男方將女方一般比喻為牡丹,女方將男方比喻為肉肉、憨憨的肉肉,等等。所以說“花兒”以表達(dá)愛情為主。甘肅“花兒”(河州花兒、洮岷花兒)雖然屬于民歌的范疇,但是它不同于其他民族特色、地方特色。其形成的原因與當(dāng)?shù)氐牡乩憝h(huán)境和人民的生活環(huán)境是緊密相連的,“花兒會(huì)”則是花兒演唱和傳播的主要途徑�；▋簳�(huì)是當(dāng)?shù)匾环N特定節(jié)日,在這一天很多當(dāng)?shù)氐睦习傩账麄儾环帜觊L(zhǎng)年幼、不分貧窮富貴,都會(huì)上山唱花兒,在當(dāng)?shù)貙儆谝环N大型的山歌聚會(huì)。這種聚會(huì)一般跟佛教、道教這些宗教活動(dòng)有有著密不可分的關(guān)系�！吧徎ㄉ健被▋阂膊焕�。相傳,在明朝的時(shí)候,有位藏族部落的首領(lǐng)在朝廷中為官。只因自己年事已高,心有余而力不足,出于私心想讓其子繼承其官位。但他的兒子因怕進(jìn)入朝廷后失去人生自由始終不肯聽隨父親的意愿,所以他的父親只好將兒子硬性押解進(jìn)京。在經(jīng)過蓮花山時(shí),看見蓮花山層巒疊嶂,古樹參天,云霧繚繞很有靈氣,想著山里肯定住著菩薩,所以在離開時(shí),心里默默的念叨說:“望菩薩保佑我此次進(jìn)京諸事隨我愿,若愿望達(dá)成,日后一定在這里為你重新修建佛殿并給菩薩塑上金衣”。結(jié)果事情的發(fā)展結(jié)局與小王的心愿不謀而合。此時(shí)小王心里篤定,一定是是蓮花山的菩薩保佑自己才能如此順利。小王為了報(bào)答菩薩,立刻將自己許下的愿望付諸于行動(dòng),先在蓮花山頂峰修建了文殊菩薩大殿,并在峭壁石崖上開鑿石梯,方便眾人上山朝拜。此時(shí)的蓮花山山花爛漫,山間云霧繚繞,風(fēng)景甚是怡人。所以每年的六月初一到初三,是蓮花山的拜佛講經(jīng)日,六月初六則是有名的“花兒會(huì)”。
[Abstract]:"Flower" is known as the "northwest area Book of Songs". Tao min flower is in Tao Zhou, which is located in Lintan County, located in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province, Minxian, located in Dingxi city of Gansu province. This place was a place where ancient Qiang people lived a long time ago. In the Tao min area, a kind of musical instrument called "Mimi" was called "Mimi" in the Tao River Basin. However, the local popular musical instrument "Mimi" was the ancient Qiang people who expressed their feelings. The "Qiang Flute" played in the sentiments. Tao min flower is located in the broad and beautiful northwest plateau of our country. It is influenced and restricted by the geographical environment. So the color of the flowers is particularly loud and loud, because the flowers are sung to the people on the mountain, so the flowers have strong penetrating power. Singing, thinking of what to sing, storytelling, humorous and interesting, every sentence or no two sentence rhyme. To the annual "flower meeting", the flower singer, while playing with an umbrella, wagging a colorful fan in his hand, has a long walk and has some flavor. "Flower" can also be called "juvenile", which is mainly in the northwest of China. Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, is a unique singing high school song, "flower" often used flowers in the garden as a metaphor, but also the expression of a kind of love for the most handsome men and women in singing or singing. The men generally compare the women to the peony, the woman compares the men to meat, naive meat, and so on. "Flower" in Gansu (river flower and Tao min flower), though belonging to the category of folk songs, is different from other ethnic and local characteristics. The reasons for its formation are closely connected with the local geographical environment and the living environment of the people. "Hua Er Hui" is the main way for the flowers to sing and spread. It will be a local special festival. On this day, many local people, who do not divide the years, are rich and rich, will go up the mountain to sing flowers, and belong to a large gathering of mountain songs in the local area. This party is usually closely related to Buddhism and Taoism. "Lotus Hill" flowers are no exception. In the Ming Dynasty, the leader of a Tibetan tribe served as an official in the court. Only because of his old age and lack of strength, he wanted to let his son inherit his official position. But his son, who was afraid to lose his freedom of life after entering the court, never listened to his father's will, and his father had to escort his son into Beijing. When I passed the Lotus Hill, I saw the mountains and mountains, the ancient trees and the sky, the clouds and the clouds were very smart, and the mountain was sure to live a Bodhisattva. So, when he left, he said, "I hope Bodhisattva bless me to come to Beijing with my wish. If I wish to achieve it, it will be here for you to rebuild a Buddhist temple and to give Bodhisattva a gold coat." The outcome of the event coincided with the wish of the king. At this time, Xiao Wang was sure that it was the Bodhisattva of Lotus Hill to protect himself so smoothly. In order to repay the Bodhisattva, Xiao Wang immediately put his wishes into action, first built a Manjusri hall in the peak of the lotus peak, and cut stone stairs on the cliff cliff. At this time, the Lotus Hill is worshiped by the mountains. At this time, the flowers of the Lotus Hill, the mountains and the mountains, the scenery are very pleasant. So each year in the first to third year of June, it is Lotus Hill's worship for Buddha, and the six is the famous "flower meeting" at the beginning of the June.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：J607

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