本文選題：黎族民歌文化 + 演唱特征　； 參考：《東北師范大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：黎族民歌是黎族文化中最為綺麗的明珠。多年來,廣大音樂工作者一直致力于黎族民歌的搜集、整理,目前為止已經(jīng)出版了數(shù)十部黎族民歌集,為黎族民歌的保護(hù)與傳承留下了彌足珍貴的資料。近年來,黎族民歌研究取得了較有成效的喜人成果,但多數(shù)研究局限于黎族民歌本身,而對(duì)于更深層次的探究則相對(duì)匱乏,這不得不令人深思。民歌源于生活,源于人的精神需求,它是語言的升華,是情感的凝練,因而其背后蘊(yùn)藏的豐富文化景觀才是民歌傳承的真諦,故民歌文化的探究應(yīng)當(dāng)成為音樂工作者傾心關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。本文將研究的立足點(diǎn)定位為"黎族民歌文化",旨在通過對(duì)大量黎族民歌的分析、厘定,并運(yùn)用音樂人類學(xué)的理論方法去窺探黎族民歌文化的璀璨蘊(yùn)意,同時(shí)也期盼本研究能夠推進(jìn)黎族民歌文化研究的長(zhǎng)足發(fā)展,同時(shí)也希冀本研究能夠促進(jìn)、充盈民族聲樂理論的研究。民歌是黎族人民喜聞樂見的抒懷方式,尤其是對(duì)于一個(gè)沒有文字的民族來說,民歌的口 口相傳足以見證這種藝術(shù)形式是黎族人交流中至關(guān)重要的情表方式。而這種情表方式是通過民歌的演唱來實(shí)現(xiàn)的,黎族民歌的演唱之所以能夠映現(xiàn)其獨(dú)特的民族風(fēng)格,意義在于黎族民歌的演唱包括黎族人對(duì)于自身聲音的駕馭,同時(shí)也包括他們對(duì)于民歌文化的體悟,黎族民歌文化的彰顯才是演唱黎族民歌至今的重要價(jià)值體現(xiàn)。換言之,浸透于歌詞與曲調(diào)中的民歌文化彰顯黎族族性發(fā)展的演進(jìn)歷程;展現(xiàn)黎族人民善良果敢、熱情好客等性情特質(zhì);映現(xiàn)黎族人民生活情態(tài)的民俗特征。故此,研究黎族民歌文化是秉持黎族民歌演唱風(fēng)格的重要依據(jù)�；诖�,本研究的創(chuàng)新之處在于通過解析大量的黎族民歌,探析黎族民歌的演唱特征及其文化價(jià)值。本文主要分為引論、正文(七章)。第一章:黎族民歌文化研究的理論視界。其一,從闡釋音樂人類學(xué)的思維理路入手,就其研究音樂文化的終極目標(biāo)展開論述,解讀音樂人類學(xué)"以人為本"的核心理念。其二,闡明民歌文化研究需要音樂人類學(xué)的價(jià)值指向與理論牽引。民歌依存于人、依存于人的生活,具有現(xiàn)實(shí)性、群體性,是人對(duì)于周邊事物的一種情感表態(tài)。因此,在音樂人類學(xué)的視域下看待民歌,它不僅僅是一種藝術(shù)形式、亦是一種文化現(xiàn)象、更是一種傳承方式。在這樣的理論視域中,我們能夠追悟到的民歌蘊(yùn)意,不僅在于民族音樂本身,而是更深層次的挖掘與探析一個(gè)民族的文化特征,從而更加全面地、真切地徹悟到一個(gè)民族的文化精髓。其三,論述音樂人類學(xué)對(duì)于黎族民歌文化研究的思想引領(lǐng)。主要從音樂人類學(xué)的核心理念對(duì)于黎族民歌文化研究的指導(dǎo)意義、音樂人類學(xué)的歷史研究視角對(duì)于黎族民歌文化歷史研究的指導(dǎo)意義、音樂分析的理論觀點(diǎn)對(duì)于黎族民歌演唱特征、音樂特征研究的思路牽引與文化價(jià)值相對(duì)論的觀點(diǎn)對(duì)于黎族民歌文化價(jià)值研究的指導(dǎo)意義四個(gè)方面來闡述。依據(jù)音樂人類學(xué)觀點(diǎn),從文化根基上把握黎族民歌,擴(kuò)展黎族民歌研究的視野;進(jìn)而以音樂人類學(xué)的思想引領(lǐng)黎族民歌文化的研究,探尋黎族民歌的演唱特征,感司內(nèi)蘊(yùn)于黎族民歌的文化精神等等,這對(duì)于黎族民歌文化的保護(hù)、傳承與創(chuàng)新意義重大。第二章:黎族民歌文化發(fā)展的歷史演進(jìn)過程。民歌是勞苦大眾的心聲。不同時(shí)期的民歌反映黎族人民精神文化的不同需求,從不同角度映射著黎族人民對(duì)于人類起源、勞動(dòng)、生活、社會(huì)變革、民風(fēng)民俗的視見,這是黎族發(fā)展進(jìn)程中黎族人隨時(shí)代變遷而逐漸形塑的體現(xiàn),是豐盈的民歌文化的基墊。本章主要從黎族的族源及其族性特點(diǎn)、黎族的歷史與文化、黎族民歌文化歷史發(fā)展進(jìn)程及其演進(jìn)規(guī)律進(jìn)行較為詳盡的闡述。通過零散的古籍記載到歌詞的抒情達(dá)意,著重梳理黎族民歌文化日益豐厚的繁榮過程,并從世代綿延的民歌文化發(fā)展中提煉總結(jié)民歌衍展的演進(jìn)規(guī)律。第三章:黎族民歌的田野調(diào)查紀(jì)要。田野調(diào)查是音樂人類學(xué)的重要研究方法,本章主要運(yùn)用這種研究方法真實(shí)、客觀地記錄黎族民歌的遺存狀態(tài),主要以依存于宴飲中的民歌、婚俗儀式與祭祀儀式中民歌的現(xiàn)狀,以及對(duì)民歌傳承人、民間歌手的訪談為依據(jù),論述黎族民歌的現(xiàn)實(shí)生存境域。通過田野調(diào)查,親睹原生態(tài)黎族民歌歌唱的本真韻味,感受民歌背后的豐碩文化,體悟黎族民歌文化的真正意諦。第四章:黎族民歌的演唱特征。黎族民歌是通過口口相傳的方式延續(xù)至今的。歌唱是黎族民歌傳承、沿革的唯一方式。本章主要根據(jù)黎族民歌的歷史發(fā)展進(jìn)程、黎族民歌的田野調(diào)查及相關(guān)文獻(xiàn),總結(jié)、提出并闡釋了黎族民歌的演唱特征。主要從黎族民歌的歌詞特征、黎族民歌的演唱形式、黎族民歌的唱調(diào)特點(diǎn)以及黎族民歌的潤(rùn)腔特征等四個(gè)方面闡述了黎族民歌的演唱特征。第五章:黎族民歌的音樂特征。本章通過整理、剖析大量民歌闡述黎族民歌的題材分類、曲體結(jié)構(gòu)、旋律、節(jié)拍節(jié)奏及調(diào)式等特點(diǎn)。其中,黎族民歌中裝飾音的作用,由宮、商、徵、羽四音列構(gòu)成的調(diào)式音階等都為黎族民歌的民族色彩增添了更為濃重的一筆。在闡述民歌本體的同時(shí),也從文化的視角解析了黎族民歌的音樂特征,包括具有黎族特色的民歌曲調(diào)、節(jié)奏節(jié)拍、調(diào)式等音樂特征,而成為別具匠心的民族文化。第六章:黎族民歌的文化價(jià)值。黎族民歌的文化價(jià)值是黎族民歌承襲至今的意義所在,是黎族人視待黎族民歌的認(rèn)知評(píng)價(jià),因此,探析黎族民歌的文化價(jià)值對(duì)于秉承黎族民歌的傳承具有重要的價(jià)值、意義。其一、黎族民歌彰顯民族精神的價(jià)值。民族精神的特質(zhì)展現(xiàn)著一個(gè)民族的靈魂所在,黎族民歌對(duì)于凝聚黎族民族精神具有重要意義,同時(shí)對(duì)于黎族同胞民族認(rèn)同感的營(yíng)造也具有重要的推動(dòng)作用。其二,黎族民歌對(duì)于追求社會(huì)進(jìn)步與美好生活的價(jià)值不容忽視。任何一個(gè)民族、任何一個(gè)人都有向往美好生活的夙愿,黎族人民亦如此。他們親善友愛、果敢堅(jiān)韌,對(duì)于自由平等的社會(huì)、對(duì)于美好的生活充滿著希冀,而民歌則成為黎族人民此時(shí)的意表方式,用以激勵(lì)自己、鼓舞自己,戰(zhàn)勝磨難、勇敢的前行。其三,黎族民歌呈現(xiàn)多重審美的價(jià)值。黎族民歌的實(shí)用之美、愉悅之美、自由之美以及動(dòng)態(tài)之美,無不展現(xiàn)于短小精悍的民歌之中,而這些多重美感的民歌亦展現(xiàn)著黎族人樂觀向上、與時(shí)俱進(jìn)等性格特點(diǎn)。其四,就黎族民歌引領(lǐng)黎族音樂文化的藝術(shù)價(jià)值展開詳細(xì)的闡述。黎族民歌不僅是黎族音樂中的重中之重,同時(shí)對(duì)于其他姊妹藝術(shù)也具有推波助瀾的作用,對(duì)于海南地方音樂文化來說也是支柱性的文化藝術(shù),故黎族民歌的文化價(jià)值不容小覷。第七章:黎族民歌文化的保護(hù)與傳承。之所以研究黎族民歌文化,包括黎族民歌文化歷史、黎族民歌的演唱特征、音樂特征、文化價(jià)值等等,其終極目標(biāo)就是為了更好地保護(hù)與傳承黎族民歌。因此本章主要從以下幾個(gè)方面闡述:其一,通過實(shí)地調(diào)研,論述黎族民歌文化保護(hù)與傳承的現(xiàn)狀并加以分析。其二,總結(jié)反思黎族民歌文化保護(hù)與傳承中存在的問題及其成因。其三,針對(duì)問題提出相應(yīng)的對(duì)策思路,試圖為推進(jìn)黎族民歌的保護(hù)與傳承工作提供行之有效的具體路徑。
[Abstract]:Li nationality folk song is the most beautiful pearl of the Li nationality culture. Many musicians have been working on the collection and arrangement of the folk songs of Li nationality for many years. So far, dozens of Li folk songs have been published, which have left valuable information for the protection and inheritance of the folk songs of the Li nationality. But most of the research is limited to the Li Folk Song itself, but the deeper exploration is relatively scarce, which has to be thought-provoking. The folk songs originate in life, originate from the spiritual needs of the people, it is the sublimation of language and the feeling of emotion, so the rich cultural landscape behind it is the true meaning of the folk song inheritance, so the folk song culture The research should be focused on the attention of the musicians. This paper focuses on the "Li nationality folk song culture", aiming at the analysis of a large number of Li nationality folk songs, and using the theoretical method of musical anthropology to explore the bright implication of the folk folk song culture of Li nationality, and also hopes that this study can promote the culture of the Li nationality folk songs. The research has made great progress and hopes that this study can promote the study of the theory of national vocal music. Folk songs are the lyrical ways of the people of the Li people. Especially for a nation without words, the mouth and mouth of the folk songs are enough to witness that this art form is a very important form of expression in the communication of the Li people. It is realized by the singing of folk songs. The singing of the Li nationality folk songs can reflect their unique national style. The meaning lies in the singing of the Li nationality folk songs including the Li nationality's control of their own voice, but also their understanding of the folk song culture. The expression of the culture of the Li nationality folk songs is to sing the folk songs of the Li nationality to the people. In other words, the folk song culture, soaked in the lyrics and tunes, shows the evolution of the ethnic development of the Li nationality, showing the character of the kind and courageous and hospitable nature of the Li people, and reflecting the folklore characteristics of the life style of the Li people. Therefore, the study of the folk song culture of the Li nationality is an important basis for the singing style of the Li nationality folk songs. Based on this, the innovation of this study is to analyze the characteristics and cultural values of the Li Folk Songs by analyzing a large number of Li Folk Songs. This article is mainly divided into introduction, the main body (seven chapters). Chapter 1: the theoretical horizon of the study of the culture of Li Nationality Folk songs. The ultimate goal is to expound and interpret the core concept of "people-oriented" in musical anthropology. Secondly, the study of folk song culture needs the value orientation and theoretical traction of music anthropology. The folk songs depend on people, depend on people's life, are realistic and group, and are a kind of emotional expression to the surrounding things. Therefore, in the music human beings It is not only an artistic form, but also a cultural phenomenon, and a kind of inheritance way. In this theoretical horizon, the implication of the folk songs we can realize is not only the national music itself, but the deeper excavation and exploration of the cultural characteristics of a nation, so as to be more comprehensive and true. Third, it discusses the guiding significance of musical anthropology to the study of the folk song culture of Li nationality, the guiding significance of the core concept of musical anthropology to the study of the culture of the Li nationality, the guiding significance of the historical study of musical anthropology on the study of the culture and history of the Li nationality folk songs, and the musical score. The analysis of the theoretical views on the characteristics of the Li Folk Songs, the idea of the study of musical features and the theory of relativity of cultural values to the four aspects of the guiding significance of the study of the cultural value of the Li nationality folk songs. The thought of music anthropology leads to the study of the folk song culture of Li nationality, exploring the singing characteristics of the folk songs of Li nationality, the cultural spirit of the Li nationality folk songs, and so on. This is of great significance to the protection, inheritance and innovation of the culture of the Li Nationality Folk songs. The second chapter is the evolution process of the history of the development of the culture of the Li nationality folk songs. The period of folk songs reflect the different needs of the spiritual culture of the Li people. From different angles, it is a reflection of the people's origin, labor, life, social change and folk custom. This is the embodiment of the Li Nationality in the course of the development of the Li nationality, which is the basis for the rich folk song culture. This chapter mainly from the Li nationality. The origin and its ethnic characteristics, the history and culture of the Li nationality, the course of the development and evolution of the culture and history of the folk songs of the Li nationality are elaborated. The lyric content of the lyrics is recorded through the scattered ancient books, and the growing prosperity process of the culture of the Li folk folk songs is emphasized, and the folk songs are abstracted from the development of the folk song culture for generations. The third chapter: the field survey of the folk songs of Li nationality. Field investigation is an important research method of music anthropology. This chapter mainly uses this research method to record the state of the remains of the folk folk songs objectively, mainly depending on the folk songs in the banquet, the status of the folk songs in the wedding ceremony and the sacrificial rites, and the people. On the basis of interviews with folk songs and folk singers, this paper discusses the real living conditions of the folk songs of Li nationality. Through field investigation, we see the true flavor of the original ecological Li Folk Songs, feel the rich culture behind the folk songs and realize the true meaning of the culture of the folk songs of Li nationality. The fourth chapters are the singing characteristics of the Li nationality folk songs. The Li nationality folk songs are passed through the words of mouth and mouth. The singing is the only way of the inheritance and evolution of the Li nationality folk songs. This chapter mainly according to the historical development process of the Li nationality folk songs, the field investigation and related literature of Li nationality folk songs, summarizes and explains the singing characteristics of Li nationality folk songs, mainly from the lyrics characteristics of Li nationality folk songs, the singing forms of Li nationality folk songs, Li nationality people. The singing characteristics of the song and the characteristics of the Li Folk Song's moistening cavity are expounded in four aspects. The fifth chapter: the musical characteristics of the Li nationality folk songs. This chapter analyzes the characteristics of the theme classification, the structure of the music, the melody, the rhythm and the style of the Li nationality folk songs. The function, such as the Palais, the quotient, the symbol of the four tones of the feather, added a more strong point to the national color of the Li nationality folk songs. At the same time, the musical features of the folk songs of the Li nationality were analyzed from the cultural perspective, including the folk songs with the Li characteristics, rhythmic rhythms, and other musical features. The cultural value of the sixth chapters: the cultural value of the Li nationality folk songs. The cultural value of the Li nationality folk songs is the significance of the inheritance of Li nationality folk songs to the present. It is a cognitive evaluation of the Li people as the folk songs of Li nationality. Therefore, the analysis of the cultural value of the folk songs of the Li nationality has important value and significance for the inheritance of the Li nationality folk songs. Song shows the value of national spirit. The characteristics of national spirit show the soul of a nation. The folk songs of Li nationality are of great significance to coacerate the spirit of the Li nationality, and also play an important role in the construction of the national identity of the Li nationality. There is a long cherished desire for a good life for any nation, any one of them, and the people of the Li people. They are friendly and tenacious. They are full of hope for a free and equal society and a good life. And the folk songs are the way for the Li people to inspire themselves, inspire themselves, overcome the hardships and bravery. Three, Li nationality folk songs present multiple aesthetic values. The practical beauty of the Li nationality folk songs, the beauty of pleasure, the beauty of freedom and the beauty of the dynamic are all displayed in the short and vigorous folk songs, and these multiple aesthetic folk songs also show the character characteristics of the Li people's optimism and time, and the fourth, Li nationality folk songs lead Li. The artistic value of the ethnic music culture is elaborated in detail. The Li nationality folk song is not only the top priority of the Li nationality music, but also has the role of promoting the other sister arts, and it is also a pillar culture and art for the local music culture of Hainan. Therefore, the cultural value of the Li folk folk songs should not be underestimated. The seventh chapter: the Li nationality folk song The protection and inheritance of culture, the reason why the study of Li folk folk song culture, including the culture and history of Li folk folk songs, the singing characteristics of Li nationality folk songs, music characteristics, cultural value and so on, the ultimate goal is to better protect and inherit the Li folk folk songs. The present situation and analysis of the protection and inheritance of folk song culture are analyzed. Secondly, the problems and their causes in the protection and inheritance of the culture of the Li folk folk songs are summarized. Thirdly, the corresponding countermeasures are put forward in order to provide an effective and concrete way to promote the protection and inheritance of the folk songs of the Li nationality.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：J607
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本文編號(hào)：1815985