【摘要】： 目的:研究裝修后辦公室對工作人員健康的影響及裝修后室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量評價(jià)的模式。方法:根據(jù)裝修竣工時(shí)間,選擇裝修后2個(gè)月以內(nèi)、2～5月、5～8月、8～12月、12～18月的辦公室共150間進(jìn)行污染物濃度的測定并對符合條件的工作人員478人進(jìn)行健康效應(yīng)問卷調(diào)查。選擇裝修五年以上的辦公室50間進(jìn)行污染物濃度的測定并對符合條件的139名工作人員進(jìn)行健康效應(yīng)問卷調(diào)查。結(jié)果:裝修后室內(nèi)污染物甲醛、氨、苯、甲苯、二甲苯的濃度超標(biāo)嚴(yán)重。裝修后2個(gè)月內(nèi),濃度分別為0.447、0.857、0.460、0.424、0.630(mg/m3)。以后,污染物濃度隨裝修竣工時(shí)間的延長而下降,在竣工大約一年后達(dá)到了相應(yīng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。不同時(shí)期污染物的超標(biāo)率顯示,在裝修后2個(gè)月內(nèi),甲醛、氨、苯、甲苯、二甲苯的超標(biāo)率最大,分別為100%、87.3%、83.9%、97.5%、88.3%。甲醛、氨、苯、甲苯、二甲苯各污染物濃度比較的結(jié)果顯示裝修后一年內(nèi),甲醛、氨、苯、甲苯、二甲苯的濃度均高于對照組(p0.05),影響室內(nèi)污染物甲醛、氨、苯、甲苯、二甲苯濃度的裝修材料主要為油漆、涂料、復(fù)合地板、化纖地毯、人造板用品、增白劑、竣工時(shí)間。辦公室裝修后工作人員不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率(76.4%)明顯高于對照組(28.9%),有顯著性差異(p0.01),裝修組眼刺激、刺痛感、流淚、咽刺激、鼻刺激、嗅味異常、咳嗽、氣喘、皮膚刺激、頭痛、食欲下降、四肢發(fā)癢癥狀均重于對照組,有顯著性差異(p0.01)。工作人員不良反應(yīng)評分與甲醛、氨、苯、甲苯、二甲苯的濃度均為正相關(guān),與裝修完工時(shí)間為負(fù)相關(guān)。在影響不良反應(yīng)評分的因素大小依次為裝修竣工時(shí)間,涂料,人造板新辦公用具,每日通風(fēng)時(shí)間。結(jié)論:辦公室裝修后空氣存在嚴(yán)重污染,并對工作人員健康可造成一定損害,且損害程度與辦公室內(nèi)甲醛、氨和苯污染物濃度呈正相關(guān),與裝修完工時(shí)間為負(fù)相關(guān);在室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量評價(jià)模式采用權(quán)重系數(shù)法數(shù)可以提高評判指數(shù)的分辨率;
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the effect of post-decoration office on staff health and the evaluation model of indoor air quality after decoration. Methods: according to the time of completion of decoration, select within 2 months after decoration, from 2 to 5 months, from May to August to December, from May to August, from August to December. The concentrations of pollutants were measured in 150 offices from 12 months to 18 months. The health effects of 478 qualified workers were investigated by health effect questionnaire. 50 offices decorated for more than five years were selected to measure the concentration of pollutants and 139 qualified workers were investigated by health effect questionnaire. Results: the concentrations of formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene, toluene and xylene exceeded the standard. Within 2 months after decoration, the concentrations were 0.447,0.857, 0.460,0.424,0.630 (mg/m3), respectively. After that, the concentration of pollutants decreased with the extension of completion time, and reached the corresponding standard about a year after completion. The results showed that within 2 months after decoration, the excess rates of formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene, toluene and xylene were 100%, 87.3%, 83.9%, 97.5% and 88.3%, respectively. The concentration comparison of formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene, toluene and xylene showed that the concentrations of formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene, toluene and xylene were higher than those of the control group (p0.05), which affected the indoor pollutants formaldehyde, ammonia and benzene, and the concentration of formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene, toluene and xylene were higher than those of the control group (p0.05). Toluene, xylene concentration of decoration materials for paint, composite floor, chemical fiber carpet, wood-based panel supplies, whitening agent, completion time. The incidence of adverse reaction in office decoration group (76.4%) was significantly higher than that in control group (28.9%), and there was significant difference (p0.01). In decoration group, eye stimulation, tingling sensation, tears, pharynx stimulation, nasal stimulation and abnormal smell were found. The symptoms of cough, asthma, skin irritation, headache, decreased appetite and itching in limbs were more severe than those in the control group (p0.01). The staff adverse reaction score was positively correlated with the concentration of formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene, toluene and xylene, and negatively correlated with the completion time of decoration. The factors influencing the adverse reaction score were decoration completion time, paint, new office utensils for wood-based panels, daily ventilation time. Conclusion: there is serious air pollution after office decoration, which can damage the health of staff, and the degree of damage is positively correlated with the concentration of formaldehyde, ammonia and benzene in the office, and negatively correlated with the completion time of decoration. The resolution of the evaluation index can be improved by using the weight coefficient method in the indoor air quality evaluation model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：X823

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 周計(jì)連;住宅室內(nèi)裝飾質(zhì)量評價(jià)研究及應(yīng)用[D];南京理工大學(xué);2008年

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本文編號：2444083