【摘要】：晚清(1840-1911年)教會(huì)建筑是一個(gè)備受學(xué)術(shù)界關(guān)心的熱點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。近年來(lái)對(duì)于沿海城市教會(huì)建筑的研究愈來(lái)愈多,安徽省懷遠(yuǎn)縣作為一個(gè)內(nèi)埠城市,雖然不似沿海城市的開(kāi)放度,但是因其便利的水陸交通與獨(dú)特的區(qū)位條件使得教會(huì)可以順利傳入,所建的教會(huì)建筑在當(dāng)時(shí)也頗具規(guī)模。然而,在經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展與城市的建設(shè)之下很多都已經(jīng)收到了破壞,現(xiàn)存的僅是一部分。這些建筑通常分為三類(lèi):教會(huì)學(xué)校、教會(huì)醫(yī)院、教堂,其中基督教建筑占據(jù)絕大部分,只有一座意大利天主教堂是天主教建筑,這與當(dāng)時(shí)基督教在懷遠(yuǎn)傳教所取得的成功有著密切的關(guān)系:基督教在當(dāng)?shù)貍鹘虝r(shí)期,不僅大興土建還廣做慈善,為下一步的發(fā)展奠定了良好的基礎(chǔ),這些學(xué)校與醫(yī)院造福了當(dāng)?shù)孛癖姷耐瑫r(shí)還推動(dòng)了基督教的傳播。懷遠(yuǎn)晚清教會(huì)建筑有著鮮明的地域性,是懷遠(yuǎn)近代建筑的重要組成部分,本文一方面希望通過(guò)教會(huì)建筑舊貌資料的分析與建筑現(xiàn)狀數(shù)據(jù)的搜集,對(duì)懷遠(yuǎn)教會(huì)建筑的遺存做一個(gè)系統(tǒng)的記錄和直觀的表達(dá)。另一方面希望可以從建筑的結(jié)構(gòu)樣式到裝飾的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格方面著手,了解當(dāng)時(shí)西方的建筑風(fēng)格是如何與中式的建筑風(fēng)格相互碰撞與融合的,以探究懷遠(yuǎn)教會(huì)建筑獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)性。本文以懷遠(yuǎn)縣晚清時(shí)期包括教會(huì)學(xué)校、教會(huì)醫(yī)院、教堂在內(nèi)的教會(huì)建筑為主要研究對(duì)象,首先根據(jù)縣志、史料等文獻(xiàn)記載,從建筑的分布、主要風(fēng)貌方面略述教會(huì)建筑的遺存概況,其次,結(jié)合實(shí)例,以實(shí)地測(cè)繪為基礎(chǔ),從建筑學(xué)、美術(shù)學(xué)的角度,對(duì)教會(huì)學(xué)校、醫(yī)院、教堂的布局與造型進(jìn)行分析與探討,并通過(guò)對(duì)室內(nèi)外景觀裝飾的分析以探究其藝術(shù)風(fēng)格。然后通過(guò)對(duì)比中式建筑中的學(xué)校、醫(yī)院的風(fēng)格,本文進(jìn)一步探討了懷遠(yuǎn)教會(huì)建筑受西方文化影響的本土化特征,并對(duì)其建造時(shí)期的審美心理與探索進(jìn)行了剖析;最后從中西建筑文化融合、現(xiàn)代建筑裝飾、當(dāng)?shù)靥厣幕糜稳齻�(gè)方面總結(jié)出教會(huì)建筑對(duì)當(dāng)代文化藝術(shù)的影響。
[Abstract]:Church architecture in the late Qing Dynasty (1840-1911) was a hot and difficult issue concerned by academic circles. In recent years, there have been more and more studies on church buildings in coastal cities. Huaiyuan County in Anhui Province, as an inner port city, is not as open as a coastal city. However, because of its convenient land and water transportation and unique location conditions, the church can be smoothly introduced, and the built church building was also quite large at that time. However, much of it has been destroyed by economic development and urban construction, but only in part. These buildings are usually divided into three categories: church schools, church hospitals, churches, of which Christian buildings account for the vast majority, and only one Italian Catholic church is a Catholic building. This was closely related to the success of Christianity's missionary mission in Huaiyuan at that time: during the local missionary period, Christianity not only gave rise to civil construction but also made a wide range of charities, which laid a good foundation for the development of the next step. These schools and hospitals have benefited the local population while also promoting the spread of Christianity. The church architecture of Huaiyuan in the late Qing Dynasty has a distinct regional character and is an important part of Huaiyuan's modern architecture. On the one hand, this paper hopes to analyze the old appearance of the church architecture and collect the current architectural data. Make a systematic record and intuitionistic expression of the remains of Huaiyuan church building. On the other hand, it is hoped that we can start from the structural style of architecture to the artistic style of decoration, and understand how the western architectural style collided and merged with the Chinese architectural style, in order to explore the unique artistry of Huaiyuan church architecture. This article takes the church buildings including church schools, church hospitals and churches in the late Qing Dynasty of Huaiyuan County as the main research object. Firstly, according to the records of county records, historical materials and other documents, from the architectural distribution, In terms of main style and features, this paper briefly describes the remains of church buildings. Secondly, it analyzes and discusses the layout and modeling of church schools, hospitals and churches from the angle of architecture and fine arts, based on field surveying and mapping. And through the indoor and outdoor landscape decoration analysis to explore its artistic style. Then, by comparing the styles of schools and hospitals in Chinese architecture, this paper further discusses the localization characteristics of Huaiyuan church architecture influenced by western culture, and analyzes the aesthetic psychology and exploration in the period of its construction. Finally, the influence of church architecture on contemporary culture and art is summarized from three aspects: the integration of Chinese and western architectural culture, modern architectural decoration and local characteristic cultural tourism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：淮北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU238

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