【摘要】：人的一生在室內(nèi)度過的時間達到80%左右,因此室內(nèi)空氣環(huán)境的優(yōu)劣將直接影響到人類的舒適度、健康狀況和工作效率等,近年來隨著社會高度工業(yè)化發(fā)展,室內(nèi)空氣環(huán)境污染問題越來越嚴重,如今已經(jīng)成為了人類健康的隱形殺手,也是當前世界各國政府和民眾共同關(guān)注的熱點問題。本文將針對民用單元住宅內(nèi)空氣品質(zhì)進行研究,首先介紹室內(nèi)主要空氣污染物的種類及來源,并總結(jié)歸納了目前對于室內(nèi)空氣品質(zhì)研究的不同方法。其中數(shù)值模擬方法在預(yù)測室內(nèi)污染物分布、空氣流動方面有很大的優(yōu)勢,相對于實驗方法節(jié)省時間和成本,但是目前國內(nèi)外對于整套建筑尤其是民用單元住宅的室內(nèi)空氣流動的模擬應(yīng)用實例很少,對于結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的多房間內(nèi)部空氣流動特性缺乏研究,室內(nèi)污染物的散發(fā)機理和在空氣中的流動傳播規(guī)律仍需進一步探討。因此本文采用了計算流體力學(xué)方法對室內(nèi)空氣污染物濃度分布、流動特性等進行模擬,選取哈爾濱市某新裝修的民用單元住宅作為模擬對象,設(shè)定不同的室內(nèi)外工況,以甲醛作為室內(nèi)污染物為例,分別在室內(nèi)沒有污染源、有污染物均勻分布、恒定釋放速率污染源、有動態(tài)釋放污染源存在等不同的情況下進行模擬,將得到的室內(nèi)速度場、污染物濃度場、通風(fēng)效率、污染物排除效率等重要數(shù)據(jù)進行對比,以便于室內(nèi)空氣品質(zhì)進行有效控制和測評。本課題通過模擬手段進一步掌握了民用住宅內(nèi)部空氣流動特性和污染物排放規(guī)律,所得結(jié)論對提高室內(nèi)空氣品質(zhì)的控制的措施和手段提供了依據(jù),對實際建筑設(shè)計、室內(nèi)通風(fēng)策略、污染物排除和控制起到指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:People spend about 80% of their life indoors, so the quality of indoor air environment will directly affect human comfort, health and work efficiency. In recent years, with the highly industrialized development of society, Indoor air pollution is becoming more and more serious, and it has become the invisible killer of human health. It is also a hot issue concerned by governments and people all over the world. In this paper, the air quality of residential units is studied. Firstly, the types and sources of main indoor air pollutants are introduced, and the different methods of indoor air quality research are summarized. The numerical simulation method has a great advantage in predicting indoor pollutant distribution and air flow, and saves time and cost compared with the experimental method. But at present, there are few examples of indoor air flow simulation in the whole building, especially in the residential units, and there is a lack of research on the internal air flow characteristics of the complex multi-room. The emission mechanism of indoor pollutants and the law of air flow and propagation need to be further studied. Therefore, this paper uses the computational fluid dynamics method to simulate the indoor air pollutant concentration distribution and flow characteristics, selects a newly decorated residential building in Harbin as the simulation object, and sets different indoor and outdoor working conditions. Taking formaldehyde as an indoor pollutant as an example, the indoor velocity field is simulated under different conditions, such as no indoor pollution source, uniform distribution of pollutants, constant release rate pollution source and dynamic emission pollution source, etc. The important data of pollutant concentration field, ventilation efficiency and pollutant removal efficiency are compared in order to effectively control and evaluate indoor air quality. This subject further grasps the air flow characteristics and pollutant emission law of civil residence by means of simulation. The conclusion provides the basis for the control measures and means of improving indoor air quality, and it also provides a basis for the actual building design. Indoor ventilation strategy, pollutant removal and control play a guiding role.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU834.8;X51

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本文編號：2288261