用于裝飾型材基材的增強型單板層積材的研發(fā)
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-21 18:10
【摘要】：全球工業(yè)化和現(xiàn)代化的快速發(fā)展,珍貴的森林資源日漸緊缺,使得能夠廣泛應用于室內外裝飾裝修等場所的大徑級原木資源日漸稀缺,再加上人們對于大自然的熱愛和回歸綠色生活環(huán)境的追求,刺激人們尋求珍貴木材合理有效的綜合利用,并不斷尋找較好的替代品來填補這一缺口。因此,利用小徑級速生材加工成單板層積材,再制得裝飾型材產(chǎn)品具有廣泛的前景和市場。然而,此類以單板層積材為基材的裝飾型材也存在著一定的不足,因其順紋方式組坯存在各向異性；單板的橫紋抗拉強度差,產(chǎn)品經(jīng)銑削后得到的裝飾型材產(chǎn)品在較薄處的表面易出現(xiàn)開裂等缺陷。所以,進一步提高以單板層積材為基材的裝飾型材的產(chǎn)品質量,在節(jié)約木材資源、提高產(chǎn)品附加值、提升產(chǎn)品市場競爭力等方面具有重要意義。 本論文基于裝飾型材基材的增強型單板層積材為目標,以桉樹單板、脲醛樹脂膠、無紡布為原材料制備增強型單板層積材。研究不同類別的無紡布的增強效果,篩選出對無紡布表面處理效果較好的偶聯(lián)劑、施膠量；優(yōu)化了無紡布增強型單板層積材的制造工藝,并將無紡布增強型單板層積材用于裝飾型材的生產(chǎn)應用。運用傅里葉變換紅外光譜儀(FT-IR)、掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)等儀器分析了無紡布對單板層積材的增強機理。本研究主要獲得以下幾點結論： (1)在傳統(tǒng)的熱壓工藝條件下,以無紡布種類、偶聯(lián)劑種類、施膠量為影響因素采用正交試驗L9(34)進行優(yōu)化,結果表明：板材經(jīng)親水性PP無紡布、硅烷偶聯(lián)劑K_H-560處理后、施膠量為260g.m-2時,其靜曲強度、彈性模量和水平剪切強度等性能最佳。 (2)采用親水性PP無紡布、硅烷偶聯(lián)劑KH-560處理和施膠量為260g.m-2,進一步以熱壓時間、壓力、溫度為影響因素,采用正交試驗方案L9(34)進行優(yōu)化熱壓工藝參數(shù),結果表明,較佳的熱壓工藝參數(shù)組合為：熱壓壓力1.0MPa、熱壓溫度125℃、熱壓時間1.0min·mm-1,在此工藝參數(shù)條件下制得的增強型單板層積材的各項物理力學性能的平均值為：靜曲強度：49.40MPa、彈性模量：7126.12MPa、水平剪切強度：1.41MPa,達到單板層積材國家標準(GB/T20241-2006)中規(guī)定的結構用材70E優(yōu)等品的標準要求。 (3)以親水性PP無紡布增強型單板層積材為基材制備的裝飾型材在各項技術性能指標上均能達到出口國的相關標準,且通過對比普通單板層積材為基材的裝飾型材的物理力學性能和外觀質量,以無紡布作為增強材料生產(chǎn)的裝飾型材,其橫紋抗拉性能在一定程度上得到了增強(水平剪切強度提高9.22%,彈性模量提高13.34%),有效地防止產(chǎn)品表面出現(xiàn)裂紋等不足,且增強后的產(chǎn)品合格率也得到提高,達到了預期的目的。 (4)采用傅里葉變換紅外光譜分析,對比分析了脲醛樹脂膠、親水型PP無紡布、偶聯(lián)劑、桉樹單板以及增強型單板層積材的膠接面(脲醛樹脂膠、PP無紡布、偶聯(lián)劑、桉樹單板以及增強型單板層積材的混合物)的譜圖,可以得出：原先在KH-560的紅外光譜圖1191cm-1處的Si-O-Si特征峰以及906cm-1處的環(huán)氧基吸收峰,與脲醛樹脂膠和親水性PP無紡布在熱壓條件下處理后,在1191cm-1處的吸收峰變得不明顯,說明KH-560發(fā)生水解反應,使得KH-560中的Si-O-Si鍵與其他物質發(fā)生交聯(lián)；在906cm-1處的環(huán)氧基吸收峰消失了,說明KH-560中的環(huán)氧基發(fā)生了開環(huán)反應,并有可能已與其他物質的基團發(fā)生反應而產(chǎn)生化學鍵的交聯(lián)。這兩個主要特征峰和其他特征峰的出現(xiàn)或消失在一定程度上說明了KH-560與親水性PP無紡布和脲醛膠樹脂的表面存有發(fā)生接枝反應的可能性。 (5)利用掃描電子顯微鏡對增強型單板層積材的膠接面進行觀察,在偶聯(lián)劑處理前后,板材的膠接面處呈現(xiàn)出不同的狀態(tài),于相同倍數(shù)下觀察對比可知：不同偶聯(lián)劑的處理對于親水性PP無紡布與脲醛樹脂膠與單板的結合程度的影響有著不同的效果,施加硅烷偶聯(lián)劑KH-560的結合效果最好,親水性PP無紡布纖維與脲醛樹脂膠緊密結合在一起；其他偶聯(lián)劑處理的無紡布纖維雖有結合處,但結合點較少且無紡布纖維多呈架空狀；不經(jīng)偶聯(lián)劑處理的無紡布與膠層間的結合程度最差,極少能夠與脲醛樹脂膠相結合,結合程度也差,容易被外力所剝離。通過正交試驗得出的親水性PP無紡布和KH-560處理的增強型單板層積材的相關物理力學性能最佳的結果與傅里葉變換紅外光譜圖和掃描電子顯微鏡下觀察對比的結果相吻合。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of the global industrialization and modernization, the precious forest resources are increasingly scarce, so that the large-diameter log resources which can be widely applied to indoor and outdoor decoration and decoration and the like are increasingly scarce, and the pursuit of the people's love for nature and returning to the green living environment is combined, Stimulate people to seek reasonable and effective comprehensive utilization of precious wood, and constantly search for better alternatives to fill this gap. Therefore, the veneer lumber is processed into the veneer lumber by using the small-diameter grading material, and the decorative sectional material product has wide prospect and market. However, this kind of decorative profile with veneer lumber as the base material also has some defects, because of the anisotropy of the blank, the transverse grain tensile strength of the veneer is poor, and the product is prone to crack and other defects on the surface of the thinner part due to the difference of the transverse grain tensile strength of the veneer. Therefore, the product quality of the decorative sectional material with the veneer lumber as the base material is further improved, the wood resource is saved, the added value of the product is improved, and the competitiveness of the product market and the like are important. In this paper, based on the reinforced veneer lumber of decorative profile base material, the reinforced single board layer is prepared from eucalyptus veneer, gum base and non-woven fabric as raw materials. The reinforcement effect of different kinds of non-woven fabrics is studied, the coupling agent and the sizing amount of the non-woven fabric surface treatment effect are selected, the manufacturing process of the non-woven fabric reinforced veneer lumber is optimized, and the non-woven fabric reinforced veneer lumber is used for the production of the decorative section material. Using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and other instruments, the enhancement of laminated veneer lumber of non-woven fabrics was analyzed. Mechanism. This study mainly obtains the following points: Conclusion: (1) Under the condition of traditional hot pressing process, the orthogonal experiment L9 (34) is adopted to optimize the influence factors of non-woven fabrics, coupling agent types and sizing amount. The results show that the plate is treated with hydrophilic PP non-woven fabric and silane coupling agent K _ H-5. When the sizing amount is 260g 路 m -2, the static bending strength, elastic modulus and horizontal shear strength of 60g 路 m-2 (2) Using hydrophilic PP non-woven fabric, silane coupling agent KH-560 and sizing amount of 260g 路 m-2, the hot pressing time, pressure and temperature were further analyzed by orthogonal test scheme L9 (34) to optimize hot pressing process parameters. The parameters of pressure process are as follows: hot pressing pressure of 1.0MPa, hot pressing temperature 125 鈩，
本文編號：2285927
[Abstract]:The rapid development of the global industrialization and modernization, the precious forest resources are increasingly scarce, so that the large-diameter log resources which can be widely applied to indoor and outdoor decoration and decoration and the like are increasingly scarce, and the pursuit of the people's love for nature and returning to the green living environment is combined, Stimulate people to seek reasonable and effective comprehensive utilization of precious wood, and constantly search for better alternatives to fill this gap. Therefore, the veneer lumber is processed into the veneer lumber by using the small-diameter grading material, and the decorative sectional material product has wide prospect and market. However, this kind of decorative profile with veneer lumber as the base material also has some defects, because of the anisotropy of the blank, the transverse grain tensile strength of the veneer is poor, and the product is prone to crack and other defects on the surface of the thinner part due to the difference of the transverse grain tensile strength of the veneer. Therefore, the product quality of the decorative sectional material with the veneer lumber as the base material is further improved, the wood resource is saved, the added value of the product is improved, and the competitiveness of the product market and the like are important. In this paper, based on the reinforced veneer lumber of decorative profile base material, the reinforced single board layer is prepared from eucalyptus veneer, gum base and non-woven fabric as raw materials. The reinforcement effect of different kinds of non-woven fabrics is studied, the coupling agent and the sizing amount of the non-woven fabric surface treatment effect are selected, the manufacturing process of the non-woven fabric reinforced veneer lumber is optimized, and the non-woven fabric reinforced veneer lumber is used for the production of the decorative section material. Using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and other instruments, the enhancement of laminated veneer lumber of non-woven fabrics was analyzed. Mechanism. This study mainly obtains the following points: Conclusion: (1) Under the condition of traditional hot pressing process, the orthogonal experiment L9 (34) is adopted to optimize the influence factors of non-woven fabrics, coupling agent types and sizing amount. The results show that the plate is treated with hydrophilic PP non-woven fabric and silane coupling agent K _ H-5. When the sizing amount is 260g 路 m -2, the static bending strength, elastic modulus and horizontal shear strength of 60g 路 m-2 (2) Using hydrophilic PP non-woven fabric, silane coupling agent KH-560 and sizing amount of 260g 路 m-2, the hot pressing time, pressure and temperature were further analyzed by orthogonal test scheme L9 (34) to optimize hot pressing process parameters. The parameters of pressure process are as follows: hot pressing pressure of 1.0MPa, hot pressing temperature 125 鈩，
本文編號：2285927
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