【摘要】：云南省是少數(shù)民族最多的地區(qū)，不同的民族風(fēng)俗、生活習(xí)慣，和對(duì)不同自然環(huán)境的適應(yīng)造就了類(lèi)型豐富、獨(dú)具特色的傳統(tǒng)民居文化，成為中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)民居文化寶庫(kù)的重要組成部分。白族是中國(guó)南方歷史悠久民族，列中國(guó)第15大民族。白族合院民居成形于南詔大理國(guó)時(shí)期，經(jīng)過(guò)清明時(shí)期的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展，逐漸形成了“三坊一照壁”“四合五天井”的獨(dú)院或向縱深發(fā)展多院組合的獨(dú)具民族風(fēng)格和地方特色的大型民居建筑。大理白族合院民居建筑是我國(guó)獨(dú)樹(shù)一幟的少數(shù)民族民居建筑文化，在創(chuàng)造、發(fā)展過(guò)程中融合了各民族的智慧。從古代起就是云南各族人民喜愛(ài)居住的一種住宅形式。白族民居建筑是全國(guó)首批歷史文化名城、重點(diǎn)風(fēng)景區(qū)、優(yōu)秀旅游城市之一的大理的重要景觀，，受到中外來(lái)賓的稱(chēng)贊。 作為少數(shù)民族的建筑文化，大理白族合院民居建筑雖然在建筑水平、裝飾手法、藝術(shù)特色等方面達(dá)到較高的水平，但并沒(méi)有得到廣泛的學(xué)習(xí)和應(yīng)用，本文嘗試從大理白族合院民居產(chǎn)生的自然、文化背景，主要的空間形式和裝飾特色等方面開(kāi)展研究，將大理白族合院民居的美麗畫(huà)卷展現(xiàn)出來(lái)，發(fā)現(xiàn)其歷史價(jià)值，發(fā)揚(yáng)其建筑精髓。 第一章對(duì)本課題的背景、內(nèi)容、意義、研究方法等方面進(jìn)行了論述，明確大理白族合院民居建筑發(fā)展的歷程，豐富的建筑和裝飾語(yǔ)言，珍貴的歷史、文化、人文價(jià)值，以及對(duì)于現(xiàn)代民居建筑的借鑒作用，以此建立起論文的框架結(jié)構(gòu)。 第二章闡述大理白族合院民居建筑產(chǎn)生的自然、歷史、人文背景，包括大理白族的民族概況、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、自然環(huán)境等，最重要的內(nèi)容就是這種民居建筑背后所蘊(yùn)含的深厚的文化積淀和思想觀念，包括本土崇拜、佛教、儒道思想等對(duì)于大理白族人民思想和民居建筑的影響。 第三章論述了大理白族合院民居建筑的空間形式，包括“三坊一照壁”“四合五天井”“六合同春”等，分別闡述了這些空間形式的組成和特色。 第四章以大理白族合院民居的裝飾展開(kāi)，重點(diǎn)論述了大理白族合院民居裝飾手法中最具有代表性的彩繪、木雕技藝，從彩繪、木雕的發(fā)展歷史、技法特點(diǎn)、藝術(shù)特色等方面詳細(xì)展開(kāi)，還有地面鋪裝、植被綠化等裝飾手法也是大理白族合院民居不可缺少的組成部分。 第五章主要是圍繞大理白族合院民居的歷史文化價(jià)值和對(duì)于現(xiàn)代民居的借鑒意義展開(kāi)論述，強(qiáng)調(diào)功能與藝術(shù)的統(tǒng)一，建筑與自然的統(tǒng)一，借鑒與創(chuàng)新的統(tǒng)一，希望現(xiàn)代民居建筑朝著人、自然、建筑和諧統(tǒng)一的方向發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Yunnan is the region with the largest number of ethnic minorities. Different ethnic customs, living habits, and adaptation to different natural environments have created a rich and unique culture of traditional houses. To become an important part of the cultural treasure house of Chinese traditional residence. The Bai nationality, the 15 th largest ethnic group in China, has a long history in the south of China. The Bai nationality Hanyuan residence was formed in the period of Nanzhao Dali State and further developed during the Qing Ming Dynasty. Gradually formed "three places and one Zhaobi", "Sihe five patio" of the unique courtyard or to the depth of multi-courtyard combination of unique national style and local characteristics of large residential buildings. Dali Bai nationality United House architecture is a unique architectural culture of ethnic minority houses in our country. In the process of creation and development, it integrates the wisdom of all nationalities. Since ancient times, Yunnan people of all nationalities like to live in a form of housing. Bai folk residence architecture is one of the first batch of historical and cultural cities, key scenic spots, one of the excellent tourist cities Dali important landscape, received praise from Chinese and foreign guests. As the architectural culture of the minority nationalities, although the architecture of the Dali Bai nationality Hanyuan residential building has reached a higher level in terms of architectural level, decoration techniques and artistic characteristics, it has not been widely studied and applied. This paper attempts to study the natural, cultural background, main space forms and decorative features of the Bai nationality residential houses in Dali, so as to show the beauty of the houses and find its historical value. Carry forward the essence of its architecture. The first chapter discusses the background, content, significance and research methods of this subject, and clarifies the course of the development, rich architectural and decorative language, precious history, culture, humanistic value, etc. And for the reference of modern residential architecture, to establish the frame structure of the paper. The second chapter expounds the natural, historical and humanistic background of the Dali Bai people's residential buildings, including the general situation of the Bai nationality, customs and habits, natural environment, etc. The most important content is the profound cultural accumulation and idea behind this kind of residential building, including native worship, Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism, and so on. The third chapter discusses the space forms of Dali Bai nationality House, including "three Square and one Zhaobi", "Sihe five patio", "six contract Spring" and so on, and expounds the composition and characteristics of these space forms respectively. The fourth chapter starts with the decoration of the Dali Bai people's House, focusing on the most representative painting and woodcarving techniques, from the development history and technical characteristics of the color painting, wood carving, and so on. Artistic features and other aspects of the detailed development, as well as ground paving, vegetation and other decoration techniques are also an indispensable part of the Dali Bai House. The fifth chapter mainly focuses on the historical and cultural value of the Bai nationality residence in Dali and the significance of reference for modern houses, emphasizing the unity of function and art, the unity of architecture and nature, and the unity of reference and innovation. We hope that modern residential buildings will develop in the direction of harmony and unity of people, nature and architecture.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU253

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本文編號(hào)：2133461