發(fā)布時間：2018-07-13 09:23

【摘要】：隨著社會環(huán)保意識的增強(qiáng),人們開始重視室內(nèi)環(huán)境質(zhì)量,特別是室內(nèi)空氣污染問題。影響室內(nèi)空氣污染的因素很多,其中一個重要的污染源就是木質(zhì)人造板及飾面裝飾材料,因此,對飾面人造板VOC釋放進(jìn)行研究和控制是緩解室內(nèi)空氣污染的重要措施。 本論文以楊木刨花板為基材,研究不同飾面材料及方法對刨花板有機(jī)揮發(fā)物和游離甲醛釋放的影響,探索了薄木貼面刨花板在不同熱壓工藝條件下VOC釋放成分、釋放規(guī)律及影響因素,評價了薄木貼面刨花板在陳放過程中VOC的釋放,同時,預(yù)測了薄木貼面刨花板VOC的釋放。并從薄木貼面刨花板的表面涂飾生產(chǎn)工藝入手,研究不同涂飾工藝條件下刨花板的TVOC釋放變化規(guī)律,優(yōu)化了涂飾生產(chǎn)工藝,提高了其環(huán)保性能。利用實(shí)驗(yàn)取得的結(jié)果統(tǒng)計分析,綜合比較了涂料飾面刨花板整體性能。最后對水性清漆、醇酸清漆和硝基清漆飾面的刨花板進(jìn)行了VOC衰減檢測,為室內(nèi)裝修用飾面刨花板生產(chǎn)和使用提供了科學(xué)建議。所得研究結(jié)論如下： 1.不同飾面材料能夠?qū)ε倩ò寤腣OC的釋放起到有效的阻隔作用。其中聚丙烯貼面材料阻隔效果最好,刨花板TVOC和游離甲醛釋放濃度最低,其次是三聚氰胺浸漬紙和薄木貼面材料,水性涂料飾面刨花板TVOC釋放濃度在生產(chǎn)過程中最大。 2.以水曲柳薄木為材料飾面的刨花板,飾面前,測定出21種釋放成分,主要成分為鄰苯二甲酸(2-乙基己基)酯；飾面后測定出15種釋放成分,鄰苯二甲酸(2-乙基己基)酯相對含量比飾面前的低31.32%。 3.為了使水曲柳薄木貼面刨花板VOC釋放量最低,實(shí)驗(yàn)對涂膠量、脲醛膠與PVAc的配比量、熱壓時間、熱壓溫度進(jìn)行了L9(34)正交實(shí)驗(yàn)。確定出最佳工藝條件為：涂膠量100 g/m2,脲醛膠與PVAc的配比量為60：40,熱壓時間3min,熱壓溫度100℃。 4.為了考察不同參數(shù)的變化對薄木貼面刨花板TVOC釋放的影響,本文對脲醛膠與PVAc的配比量、熱壓溫度、涂膠量和薄木樹種開展單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明：熱壓溫度升高、涂膠量增大,薄木貼面刨花板的TVOC釋放量增加,初始釋放濃度上升。脲醛膠與PVAc的配比量為70：30時,TVOC濃度最低。 5.對不同熱壓工藝條件下貼面刨花板釋放的VOC成分進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果表明：熱壓溫度和熱壓時間的改變會使刨花板VOC成分種類發(fā)生改變。主要表現(xiàn)為：涂膠量增大,使得烷烴類化合物揮發(fā)量增大,芳香族化合物增多,而萜烯類物質(zhì)和鄰苯二甲酸(2-乙基己基)酯減少；熱壓溫度升高,烷烴類物質(zhì)和萜烯類物質(zhì)的釋放相對含量減少,而芳香族化合物釋放相對含量增大；松木薄木貼面板釋放的VOC成分最多,發(fā)現(xiàn)了α-蒎烯和其他烷烴類物質(zhì)。松木貼面板釋放的芳香族化合物成分相對含量最大,水曲柳貼面板釋放的芳香族化合物成分相對含量最小 6.對水曲柳薄木貼面刨花板VOC釋放單體衰減檢測,結(jié)果表明：薄木貼面刨花板單體釋放數(shù)量隨著時間延長而逐漸減小；其中,烷烴類單體,隨著時間的延長釋放相對含量也減小。萜烯類物質(zhì)初期釋放相對含量較低,隨著時間的延長,萜烯類物質(zhì)釋放相對含量增大。芳香族類物質(zhì)釋放相對含量變化不大。 7.通過對涂料種類、涂飾量、涂布方式、陳放時間、含水率和砂光度等因素顯著性分析,結(jié)果表明：影響涂飾刨花板TVOC釋放顯著性的因素依次是陳放時間、涂飾量和涂料種類。通過陳放時間、涂料種類、涂飾量對涂飾刨花板TVOC釋放影響的單因素實(shí)驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明,涂飾量增加會使TVOC的釋放量增大,其釋放量的變化規(guī)律是：TVOC30gTVOC25gTVOC20gTVOC15gTVOC10g；不同涂料種類涂飾的刨花板,其TVOC的釋放量不同,其釋放量的變化規(guī)律是：TVOC水性漆aTVOC水性漆b＞TVOC硝基漆b＞TVOC硝基漆a＞TVOC醇酸清漆；陳放時間越長,涂飾刨花板單位時間內(nèi)釋放的TVOC量越少。 8.通過對水性清漆、醇酸清漆和硝基清漆涂飾刨花板的VOC進(jìn)行衰減測試,結(jié)果顯示,水性清漆涂飾的刨花板使用中環(huán)保性能優(yōu)于醇酸清漆和硝基清漆涂飾的刨花板。
[Abstract]:With the enhancement of the awareness of environmental protection , people begin to attach importance to indoor environment quality , especially indoor air pollution . One of the most important sources is wood - based wood - based panels and decorative materials . Therefore , research and control of VOC emissions from facing man - based panels is an important measure to mitigate indoor air pollution .


In this paper , the effects of different finishing materials and methods on the release of VOC from particle board are studied by using poplar shaving board as base material , and the release of VOC in the process of wood veneer shaving board is discussed .


1 . Different finishing materials can effectively block the VOC release of particle board base material . Among them , the blocking effect of PP facing material is the best , the release concentration of TVOC and free formaldehyde of particle board is the lowest , followed by melamine impregnated paper and thin wood veneer material , and the TVOC releasing concentration of water - based paint facing shaving board is the biggest in the production process .


2 . Twenty - one kinds of release components were determined in the presence of shaving board and decorated with the thin wood as material , and the main components were phthalic acid ( 2 - ethylhexyl ) phthalate ;
Fifteen release components were determined after finishing , and the relative content of 2 - ethylhexyl phthalate ( 2 - ethylhexyl ) ester was 31.32 % lower than that before the decoration .


3 . In order to minimize the amount of VOC released from the surface shaving board , the optimum conditions were as follows : 100 g / m 2 of adhesive , 60 鈭，

本文編號：2118901